Talk:List of largest nebulae/workpage
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Below is a list of the largest nebulae so far discovered, ordered by actual size (not angular diameter).
Overview
[edit]List
[edit]This list is prone to change because of inconsistencies between studies, their great distances from our stellar neighbourhood, and constant development of technology and engineering. Nebulae's boundaries are also undefined, and is also prone to change. Lastly, scientists are still defining the parameters and defining features of nebulae. Because of all these scientific inconsistencies, this list might be unreliable.
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By physical diameter
[edit]Nebula name/designation | Major axis diameter (in light-years) |
Minor axis diameter (in light years) |
Comoving distance (in thousands of light-years) |
Angular diameter (in arcseconds) |
Type | Angular diameter estimation method |
References |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
TON 618 Extended LαB | 326,200 | LαB | [2] | ||||
Lyman-alpha blob 1 | 293,500 | LαB | [3] | ||||
Q2343-BX418 Extended LαB | 150,000 | 2.7 | LαB | [4] | |||
Himiko | 55,450 | LαB? | [5] | ||||
Tarantula Nebula | 1,859 | 1,162 | 159.8 | 8.0 | H II | [6][a] | |
NGC 604 | 1,591 | 989.2 | 2,834 | 14.0 | H II | [7][8][b] | |
NGC 2404 | 1,553 | ~ | 16,010 | H II | [9][10] | ||
Gum Nebula | 1,468 | 942.6 | 1.468 | Em | [11] | ||
NGC 595 | 1,426 | 742.0 | 2,834 | H II | [12] | ||
N11 | 1,255 | 1,209 | 159.8 | H II | [13] | ||
Local Bubble | 1,076 ± 39.14 | 1,076 ± 39.14 | — | Mc | |||
N44 | 929.9 | 836.9 | 159.8 | Em | [14] | ||
Sh2-310 | 772.0 | ~ | 5.545 | 28,800 | H II | [15][c] | |
NGC 592 | 577.0 | ~ | 2,834 | Em; H II | [16][17] | ||
N119 | 570.8 | 427.3 | 159.8 | H II | [18] |
Listed below are some notable nebulae under 500 light-years in diameter, for the purpose of comparison. All links to NED are available, except for the Milky Way, which is linked to the relevant paper detailing its size.
Nebula name/designation | Major axis diameter (in light-years) | Minor axis diameter (in light years) | Comoving distance (in thousands of light-years) |
Apparent visible magnitude | Type | Notes | Link for object |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Carina Nebula | 460 ly (140 pc)[19] | H II | Nearest giant H II region to Earth | ||||
Dragonfish Nebula | 450 ly (140 pc)[20] | Em | |||||
RCW 49 | 350 ly (110 pc)[21] | H II | |||||
Heart Nebula | 330 ly (100 pc) | H II | |||||
Westerhout 5 (Soul Nebula) | 330 ly (100 pc) | H II | |||||
Henize 70 (N70 or DEM L301)[22] | 300 ly (92 pc)[23] | H II | The N 70 Nebula, in the Large Magellanic Cloud has a shell structure and is really a bubble in space. It is a "Super Bubble". | ||||
Barnard's Loop | 300 ly (92 pc)[24][25] | H II | |||||
Sh2-54 | 252 ly (77 pc)[26][27] | H II | |||||
Prawn Nebula | 250 ly (77 pc)[28] | H II | |||||
NGC 7822 | 150 ly (46 pc)[29] |
Em |
|||||
IC 2944 | 142 ly (44 pc)[30][31] | Em | |||||
Eagle Nebula | 140 ly (43 pc)[32] | H II | Part of another diffuse nebula IC 4703. | ||||
Rosette Nebula | 130 ly (40 pc) | H II | |||||
Lagoon Nebula | 110 ly (34 pc) | H II | |||||
NGC 3576 | 100 ly (31 pc) | Em | |||||
Veil Nebula | 100 ly (31 pc) | SNR |
By angular diameter
[edit]Celestial object | Angular diameter or size | Relative size |
---|---|---|
Magellanic Stream | over 100° | |
Gum Nebula | 36° | 1,000 ly |
Milky Way | 30° (by 360°) | 105,700 ly |
Serpens-Aquila Rift | 20° by 10° | 575 ly or more |
Canis Major Overdensity | 12° by 12° | |
Smith's Cloud | 11° | |
Large Magellanic Cloud | 10.75° by 9.17° | Brightest galaxy in the night sky, 0.9 apparent magnitude (V) |
Barnard's loop | 10° | |
Zeta Ophiuchi Sh2-27 nebula | 10° | |
Sagittarius Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy | 7.5° by 3.6° | |
Coalsack nebula | 7° by 5° | |
Rho Ophiuchi cloud complex | 4.5° by 6.5° | |
Hyades | 5°30′ | Brightest star cluster in the night sky, 0.5 apparent magnitude (V) |
Small Magellanic Cloud | 5°20′ by 3°5′ | |
Andromeda Galaxy | 3°10′ by 1° | About six times the size of the Sun or the Moon. Only the much smaller core is visible without long-exposure photography. |
Veil Nebula | 3° | |
Heart Nebula | 2.5° by 2.5° | |
Westerhout 5 | 2.3° by 1.25° | |
Sh2-54 | 2.3° | |
Carina Nebula | 2° by 2° | Brightest nebula in the night sky, 1.0 apparent magnitude (V) |
North America Nebula | 2° by 100′ | |
Orion Nebula | 1°5′ by 1° | |
Sun | 31′27″ – 32′32″ | 30–31 times the maximum value for Venus (orange bar below) / 1887–1952″ |
Moon | 29′20″ – 34′6″ | 28–32.5 times the maximum value for Venus (orange bar below) / 1760–2046″ |
Helix Nebula | About 16′ by 28′ | |
Spire in Eagle Nebula | 4′40″ | Length is 280″ |
See also
[edit]- List of largest cosmic structures
- List of largest known stars
- List of largest exoplanets
- List of most massive stars
- List of most massive black holes
- List of largest galaxies
Notes
[edit]- ^ distance × sin( diameter_angle ) = 1,895 ly
- ^ distance × sin( diameter_angle ) = 1,520 ly
- ^ Those measurements are based on an apparent diameter of 480 arcminutes (') plus an assumed distance of 1.5 kpc and the current distance of VY CMa which is about 1.17 kpc as the nebula is sometimes found to have the same distance as VY CMa.
References
[edit]- ^ A bot will complete this citation soon. Click here to jump the queue arXiv:1612.00491.
- ^ Li, Jianrui; Emonts, B. H. C.; Cai, Z.; Prochaska, J. X.; Yoon, I.; Lehnert, M. D.; Zhang, S.; Wu, Y.; Li, Jianan; Li, Mingyu; Lacy, M.; Villar-Martín, M. (25 November 2021). "Massive Molecular Outflow and 100 kpc Extended Cold Halo Gas in the Enormous Lyα Nebula of QSO 1228+3128". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 922 (2): L29. arXiv:2111.06409. Bibcode:2021ApJ...922L..29L. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac390d. S2CID 244102865. Retrieved 29 January 2022.
{{cite journal}}
: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ "Giant Space Blob Glows from Within". ESO Press Release. 17 August 2011. Archived from the original on 28 September 2011. Retrieved 18 August 2011.
- ^ A bot will complete this citation soon. Click here to jump the queue arXiv:1807.00065.
- ^ Hsu, Jeremy (2009-04-22). "Giant Mystery Blob Discovered Near Dawn of Time". SPACE.com. Archived from the original on 2009-04-23. Retrieved 2009-04-24.
- ^ "Results for Tarantula Nebula". SEDS Students for the Exploration and Development of Space. Archived from the original on 2011-10-08. Retrieved 2007-05-08.
30 Doradus .. 49 kpc +- 3 kpc
- ^ Barba, Rodolfo (2004). "An in-depth analysis of a prototypical giant H II region: NGC 604". HST Proposal ID #10419: 10419. Bibcode:2004hst..prop10419B.
- ^ "NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database". Results for NGC 604. Archived from the original on 2011-08-14. Retrieved 2006-09-03.
- ^ https://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/cgi-bin/objsearch?objname=NGC+2404&extend=no&hconst=67.74&omegam=0.3089&omegav=0.6911&corr_z=1&out_csys=Equatorial&out_equinox=J2000.0&obj_sort=RA+or+Longitude&of=pre_text&zv_breaker=30000.0&list_limit=5&img_stamp=YES
- ^ http://library.navoiy-uni.uz/files/O'Meara%20C.%20O.%20-%20The%20Caldwell%20Objects%20(1st%20edition)(2002)(484s).pdf [bare URL PDF]
- ^ https://stellarscenes.net/object_e/gum.htm
- ^ "NGC 595: A Great Diffuse Nebula in M33". Archived from the original on 28 January 2013. Retrieved 13 Jan 2013.
- ^ https://astrodrudis.com/astrogallery/n11/.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ https://astrodrudis.com/astrogallery/n44/.
{{cite web}}
: Missing or empty|title=
(help) - ^ Sharpless, Stewart (1959). "A Catalogue of H II Regions". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 4: 257. Bibcode:1959ApJS....4..257S. doi:10.1086/190049.
- ^ "NGC 592 NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database Results". ned.ipac.caltech.edu. Archived from the original on 2018-10-31. Retrieved 2018-10-30.
- ^ "Site of Professor C. Seligman: NGC 550 - 599". cseligman.com. Archived from the original on 2015-09-10. Retrieved 2018-10-31.
- ^ Ambrocio-Cruz, P.; Rosado, M.; Laval, A.; Le Coarer, E.; Russeil, D.; Amram, P. (July 22, 2008). "Kinematic field of the S-shaped nebula N119 in the LMC" (PDF). Revista Mexicana de Astronomía y Astrofísica. 44: 355. Bibcode:2008RMxAA..44..355A. Archived (PDF) from the original on November 20, 2016. Retrieved November 15, 2018.
- ^ "NGC 3372 - The Eta Carinae Nebula". Atlas of the Universe. Archived from the original on 2013-05-12. Retrieved 2013-10-01.
- ^ "Dragonfish Coming at You in Infrared". NASA. Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 28 April 2017.
- ^ NASA Astronomy Picture of the Day: Cosmic Construction Zone RCW 49 (3 June 2004)
- ^ "N70. HENIZE 70 – Astrodrudis". Archived from the original on 2019-05-17. Retrieved 2019-05-17.
- ^ "N70 Nebula in the Large Magellanic Cloud". www.eso.org. Archived from the original on 15 November 2018. Retrieved 15 November 2018.
- ^ Wilson, B.A.; Dame, T.M.; Masheder, M.R.W.; Thaddeus, P. (2005). "A uniform CO survey of the molecular clouds in Orion and Monoceros". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 430 (2): 523–539. arXiv:astro-ph/0411089. Bibcode:2005A&A...430..523W. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20035943. S2CID 13916583. Archived from the original on 2018-12-12. Retrieved 2018-11-15.
- ^ O'Dell, C.R.; Ferland, G.J.; Porter, R.L.; van Hoof, P.A.M. (2011). "Physical Conditions in Barnard's Loop, Components of the Orion-eridanus Bubble, and Implications for the Warm Ionized Medium Component of the Interstellar Medium". The Astrophysical Journal. 733 (1): 9. arXiv:1103.2789. Bibcode:2011ApJ...733....9O. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/733/1/9. S2CID 5019523.
- ^ Sharpless, Stewart (December 1959). "A Catalogue of H II Regions". Astrophysical Journal Supplement. 4: 257. Bibcode:1959ApJS....4..257S. doi:10.1086/190049.
- ^ Reipurth, B. (December 2008). "The Young Cluster NGC 6604 and the Serpens OB2 Association". Handbook of Star Forming Regions, Volume II: The Southern Sky. 5: 590. Bibcode:2008hsf2.book..590R.
- ^ "Cosmic Recycling". Archived from the original on 7 September 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2015.
- ^ Seligman, Courtney. "New General Catalogue objects: NGC 7800 - 7840". cseligman.com. Archived from the original on 19 February 2017. Retrieved 14 March 2017.
- ^ Thackeray, A. D.; Wesselink, A. J. (1965). "A photometric and spectroscopic study of the cluster IC 2944". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 131: 121–135. Bibcode:1965MNRAS.131..121T. doi:10.1093/mnras/131.1.121.
- ^ SEDS: IC 2944
- ^ "Messier 16". Archived from the original on 2018-10-04. Retrieved 2018-11-15.