Terry Nation

Terry Nation
Terry Nation
Born	Terence Joseph Nation (1930-08-08)8 August 1930 Cardiff, Wales, UK
Died	9 March 1997(1997-03-09) (aged 66) Los Angeles, California, USA
Occupation	Television Screenwriter
Notable works	Creating the Daleks in the science fiction television series Doctor Who and the television series Survivors and Blake's 7
Spouse	Kate Nation

Terry Nation (8 August 1930 – 9 March 1997) was a Welsh screenwriter and novelist.

He is probably best known for creating iconic villains the Daleks in the long-running science fiction television series Doctor Who. Nation also created two science-fiction shows - Survivors and Blake's 7.

Early career

Born in Cardiff, Wales, Nation initially worked in comedy, finding a way into the industry in 1955 after a — possibly apocryphal — incident in which Spike Milligan bought a sketch he had written because he thought Nation looked hungry. During the 1950s, Nation worked for writers' agency Associated London Scripts, with Johnny Speight and John Junkin, where he worked on hundreds of radio scripts for British comedians including Terry Scott, Eric Sykes, Harry Worth and Frankie Howerd. His big break came in 1962 when he was commissioned to write material for the comedian Tony Hancock, initially for Hancock's unsuccessful ATV television series (shown in 1963) and later for his stage show.

Nation accompanied Hancock as his chief screenwriter on tour in 1963, but Hancock continually fell back onto his old material and failed to use Nation's scripts. The two quarrelled and Nation was fired. Before this he had turned down an approach from David Whitaker to contribute to a new science-fiction series that the BBC was setting up, Whitaker having been impressed with a script Nation had written for the science fiction anthology series Out of this World for ABC. Now jobless and with a young family to support, Nation contacted Whitaker and took up the offer, writing the second ever Doctor Who serial - "The Daleks" (aka "The Mutants"). The serial introduced the eponymous aliens that would become the series' most popular monsters, and was responsible for the BBC's first merchandising boom.

Nation suddenly found himself a telefantasy writer at the centre of a media frenzy, and went on to contribute several further scripts to Doctor Who. Various Dalek spin-off material appeared, including a comic strip in TV Century 21 and annuals. Often the material was credited to Nation, even if written by others. He and Dennis Spooner co-wrote the 12-part story "The Daleks' Master Plan", after which Nation, who remained copyright holder of the Daleks, attempted to market the creatures in the United States.

He also worked for the more financially rewarding commercial television companies, contributing episodes to such shows as The Avengers, The Baron, The Persuaders!, The Champions, Department S, and The Saint. In the late 1960s Nation attempted to launch the Daleks as a series in their own right in the United States.

1970s

In the early 1970s, after a long absence, Nation returned to writing Dalek serials for Doctor Who, and this renewed contact led to a BBC commission for him to create a new science fiction drama series. First broadcast in 1975, Survivors was a post-apocalyptic tale of the few remaining humans, the population having been devastated by a plague. The show was well received, but Nation's vision for it conflicted with that of producer Terence Dudley, and the other two seasons were produced without his involvement. In a British High Court of Justice case in the mid-1970s, which was abandoned by both sides due to escalating costs, writer Brian Clemens claimed that he had told Nation the concept for Survivors in the late 1960s and had registered the idea with the Writers' Guild of Great Britain in 1965. Nation strenuously denied this.

His next BBC creation, Blake's 7, had fewer problems. The show told the story of a group of criminals and political prisoners on the run from the sinister Terran Federation in a stolen alien space ship of unknown origins. It ran for four seasons from 1978 to 1981, gaining a world wide following especially in the United Kingdom. Nation wrote the entire first season of the series. His input decreased over the run, the overall direction eventually being controlled by script editor Chris Boucher, with Nation not writing at all for the fourth and final season. After its conclusion, he attempted unsuccessfully to find funding for a fifth season later in the 1980s.

In 1976 he wrote a children's novel for his daughter Rebecca (after whom he named the character of Rebec in Planet of the Daleks): Rebecca's World: Journey to the Forbidden Planet, as well as a novel based on the show Survivors.

1980s and 1990s

In 1980 Nation moved to Los Angeles, California where he developed programme ideas and worked for various studios. Little of his work in this time was as successful as his original period in the United Kingdom. He contributed to the American TV series MacGyver, in addition to television series such as A Masterpiece of Murder and A Fine Romance.

Nation suffered ill health in his later years, and died from emphysema in Los Angeles on 9 March 1997. Shortly before his death he was working on another revival attempt of Blake's 7 with Paul Darrow (who played Avon in the original series).

Selected filmography

• The House in Nightmare Park (1973)

Bibliography

• Survivors (ISBN 0698106644) (1976)
• Rebecca's World: Journey to the Forbidden Planet (ISBN 0903387069) (1978)

Sources

• Tarrant, Graham "Obituary: Terry Nation", The Independent, Thursday 13 March 1997 (page 18).
• Barker, Dennis. Obituary: Terry Nation – The man who invented the Daleks. The Guardian, Thursday 13 March 1997 (page 17).
• Oliver, John. Nation, Terry: 1930-1997. "British Film Institute Screen Online"

Literature

• Alwyn W. Turner: The man who invented the Daleks : the strange worlds of Terry Nation, London : Aurum, 2011, ISBN 978-1-84513-609-3

External links

• Terry Nation at IMDb
• Terry Nation at the Museum of Broadcast Communications
• Terry Nation at the BFI's Screenonline
• Terry Nation at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database