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Timeline of Włocławek

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The following is a timeline of the history of the city of Włocławek, Poland.

Middle Ages

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  • 9th century – Establishment of Włocławek.[1]
  • 10th century – Włocławek included within the emerging Polish state.[1]
  • 1110s – Włocławek first mentioned in the Gesta principum Polonorum chronicle.[2]
  • 1136 – Włocławek mentioned in the Bull of Gniezno.[2]
  • 1138 – Włocławek became part of the provincial Duchy of Masovia within Poland.[3]
  • 1215 – Local school first mentioned.[4]
  • 1231 – Włocławek became part of the provincial Duchy of Kuyavia within Poland.[1]
  • 1255 – Włocławek granted city rights by Duke Casimir I of Kuyavia from the Piast dynasty.
  • 1250s – Castellany relocated from Włocławek to Brześć Kujawski.[1]
  • 1267 – Włocławek became part of the provincial Duchy of Brześć Kujawski within Poland.[1]
  • 1329 – Teutonic raid.[5]
  • Gothic Włocławek Cathedral, seat of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Włocławek

    16th to 18th centuries

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    19th century

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    20th century

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    Włocławek in the interbellum
    • 1918 – Poland regained independence and the Poles disarmed the Germans and liberated the city.[21]
    • 1920 – 13–19 August: Successful Polish defense against the invading Russians during the Polish–Soviet War.
    • 1927 – City limits greatly expanded by including several settlements as new districts, including Kapitułka, Krzywe Błoto, Lisek, Łęg, Słodowo, Świech and Zazamcze.[22]
    • 1937 – Edward Śmigły-Rydz Bridge built.
    • 1939
      • September: Beginning of German occupation during World War II.
      • 9 September: German invaders committed a massacre of a group of local Jews.[23]
      • October-November: Einsatzgruppe III carried out mass arrests of local Poles, including teachers, priests, lecturers and students of the seminary and Auxiliary Bishop of Włocławek Michał Kozal, during the genocidal Intelligenzaktion campaign.[7][24][25]
      • 29 October: Włocławek became the first city in which the Germans imposed yellow badges on the Jews.[26]
      • November-December: SS and Selbstschutz burnt down the Grzywno district and murdered many of its inhabitants in the nearby village of Warząchewka Polska.[25]
      • Arrested Polish teachers, landowners and priests from the Włocławek and Lipno counties imprisoned in a local prison by the Germans, with some later deported to concentration camps and murdered.[27]
      • Families of deported and murdered Poles, as well as the remaining residents of Grzywno were expelled to the so-called General Government in the more-eastern part of German-occupied Poland.[25]
    • 1940
      • January: The Germans carried out deportations of arrested priests to the Dachau concentration camp, where most were eventually killed.[7][24]
      • June, September: The Germans carried out further expulsions of Poles, including owners of shops, workshops and bigger houses, which were handed over to German colonists as part of the Lebensraum policy.[28]
      • Autumn: Jewish ghetto established by the occupiers.
    • 1942 – April: Liquidation of the ghetto. surviving Jews deported by the Germans to the Chełmno extermination camp.
    • 1945
      • 4 April: Seminary resumed activities in Lubraniec.[7]
      • May: Seminary relocated from Lubraniec back to Włocławek.[7]
    • 1946 – Włocłavia Włocławek football club founded.
    • 1952 – Kujawskie Zakłady Przemysłu Owocowo-Warzywnego Włocławek food company, manufacturer of the Włocławek ketchup, established.
    • 1970 – Hydroelectric power plant in Włocławek opened.
    • 1973
    • 1975
      • Włocławek became capital of the newly formed Włocławek Voivodeship.
      • Monument to Polish railwaymen murdered during World War II unveiled.
    • 1984 – Assassination of Jerzy Popiełuszko.
    • 1986 – Ethnographic Museum in Włocławek opened.
    • 1990 – KK Włocławek basketball club founded.
    • 1991 – Monument to Priest Jerzy Popiełuszko unveiled.
    • 1999 – Włocławek became part of the Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship

    21st century

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    See also

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    References

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    1. ^ a b c d e UMK 2016, pp. 9, 40.
    2. ^ a b UMK 2016, pp. 9, 41.
    3. ^ UMK 2016, p. 9.
    4. ^ UMK 2016, p. 19.
    5. ^ Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 55.
    6. ^ a b Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 56.
    7. ^ a b c d e f Artur Niemira (12 October 2019). "450 lat temu powstało seminarium we Włocławku". eKAI.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
    8. ^ Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 52.
    9. ^ a b Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 18.
    10. ^ a b Bernardeta Popek-Olszowa. "Zespół klasztorny Franciszkanów Reformatów". Zabytek.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
    11. ^ UMK 2016, pp. 19, 50.
    12. ^ a b c Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 21.
    13. ^ UMK 2016, pp. 19, 51.
    14. ^ Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 51.
    15. ^ Zieliński, Stanisław (1913). Bitwy i potyczki 1863-1864. Na podstawie materyałów drukowanych i rękopiśmiennych Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu (in Polish). Rapperswil: Fundusz Wydawniczy Muzeum Narodowego w Rapperswilu. p. 50.
    16. ^ Zieliński, p. 53
    17. ^ Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 53.
    18. ^ UMK 2016, p. 20, 51.
    19. ^ Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 29.
    20. ^ Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 30.
    21. ^ Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna 1922, p. 34.
    22. ^ UMK 2016, pp. 29, 62.
    23. ^ Wardzyńska 2009, p. 124.
    24. ^ a b Wardzyńska 2009, p. 209.
    25. ^ a b c Wardzyńska 2017, p. 176.
    26. ^ "Jewish Badge: During the Nazi Era". Holocaust Encyclopedia. Retrieved 11 December 2023.
    27. ^ Wardzyńska 2009, pp. 175–176.
    28. ^ Wardzyńska 2017, p. 226.
    29. ^ "Włocławek". Szlak Kopernikowski (in Polish). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
    30. ^ Wojciech Alabrudziński (4 October 2018). "We Włocławku przed Zespołem Szkół Katolickich odsłonięto pomnik ks. Jana Długosza [zdjęcia]". Gazeta Pomorska (in Polish). Retrieved 11 December 2023.
    31. ^ "Włocławek: Odsłonięcie Pomnika Cichociemnych Spadochroniarzy Armii Krajowej". nwloclawek.pl (in Polish). 10 June 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2023.

    Bibliography

    [edit]
    • Przewodnik ilustrowany po Włocławku (in Polish). Włocławek: Księgarnia Powszechna i Drukarnia Diecezjalna we Włocławku. 1922.
    • Wardzyńska, Maria (2009). Był rok 1939. Operacja niemieckiej policji bezpieczeństwa w Polsce. Intelligenzaktion (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN.
    • Atlas historyczny miast polskich. Tom II: Kujawy. Zeszyt 4: Włocławek (in Polish). Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika. 2016. ISBN 978-83-231-3551-7.
    • Wardzyńska, Maria (2017). Wysiedlenia ludności polskiej z okupowanych ziem polskich włączonych do III Rzeszy w latach 1939-1945 (in Polish). Warszawa: IPN. ISBN 978-83-8098-174-4.