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Multiple timeline of Lithuania

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This scheme is a multiple timeline of the history of Lithuania, part of the series of Series of multiple timelines of European countries and territories.
Introduction - Other timelines - Index of timelines
The Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika) is a republic with a parliament, the Assembly elected in free multi-party elections, a president elected by the parliament and a government responsible to the parliament. Lithuania is member of the European Union.
  • 2.000 BC: The Balts arrive in present-day Lithuania.
  • First centuries AD: Lithuania is populated by Baltic tribes like the Lithianians, the Old Prussians and Yotvingians.
  • 900s: The Lithuanian tribe is thought to have developed more recognizably.
  • 1009: The name of Lithuania is mentioned for the first time in the Annals of Quedlinburg.
Duchy of Lithuania
  • 12th century: The Duchy of Lithuania is established in present-day Lithuania, populated by Baltic tribes.
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
State of the Teutonic Order
  • 1252: The Teutonic Order founds a castle at Memel, inhabited by Baltic tribes.
Kingdom of Lithuania
  • 1251: Mindaugas is crowned king of Lithuania.
  • 1258/1259: A Mongol army incurses against Lithuania.
Grand Duchy of Lithuania[1]
Duchy of Prussia
  • 1525: The state is secularized and continued by Prussia.


  • 1534-1537: After the death of Vasilij, Žygimantas commences a war to regain the lost territories. The war ends after little gains with a truce.
  • 1558: Russia commences the Livonian War to conquer present-day Estonia and Latvia against Poland-Lithuania, Sweden and Denmark.
  • 1561: With the Treaty of Vilna the Livonian Order is subordinated to Poland-Lithuania.
Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth[2]


  • 1697: With the election of elector Friedrich August II of Saxony as ruler of Poland-Lithuania under the name August II/Augustas II a period of personal union between Poland-Lithuania and Saxony starts
Kingdom of Prussia
  • 1701: Prussia becomes part of the Kingdom of Prussia.


Russian Empire
  • 1792: In reaction to the new constitution an alliance of Polish nobles and Russia stage a war. The Russian victory leads to the second partition of Poland, in which Russia annexes large parts Lithuania.
  • 1792: In reaction to the new constitution an alliance of Polish nobles and Russia stage a war. The Russian victory leads to the second partition of Poland, in which Russia annexes large parts Lithuania.
  • 1795: In a reaction to an uprising Russia, Prussia and Austria decide to wipe out Poland-Lithuania and with the third partition they divide the country between themselves. Present-day Lithuania is mainly annexed to Russia.
  • 1831: An uprising in Poland and Lithuania since 1830 is defeated at Warsaw.
  • 1864: An uprising, started in 1863, of Polish and Lithuanian insurgents is crushed by Russia.
Northern German Confederation
  • 1867: Prussia joins Northern Germany.
German Empire
  • 1871: Prussia joins the German Empire.


  • 1914: After Austria declares war on Serbia, Russia declares war on Austria-Hungary and Germany. World War I is a fact.
Russian Republic
  • 1917: After the revolutions commence in Russia, several entities are established on the territory of Russia.
Kingdom of Lithuania
  • 1918: Russia pulls out of the war with the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk. The same year Germany and the other Central Powers are defeated. The Kingdom of Lithuania is seceded from Russia as a German client state.
Republic of Lithuania
Memel Territory
  • 1920: Memel is seceded from Germany as a League of Nations mandate.
  • 1920: Lithuania elects a constituent assembly elected in free multi-party elections on a universal suffrage. An acting president is appointed. Poland defeats the Lithuanians. During the war the Polish general Lucjan Żeligowski conquers Vilnius and establishes Central Lithuania as a client state of Poland.
  • 1921: Lithuania joins the League of Nations.
  • 1922: Lithuania gets a parliament elected in free multi-party election. The parliament elects the president. The government is responsible to the parliament.
Republic of Central Lithuania
  • 1920: During the war the Polish general Lucjan Żeligowski conquers Vilnius and establishes Central Lithuania as a client state of Poland.
  • 1923: As a consequence of a revolt, Memel is annexed to Lithuania. Perloja is divided between Lithuania and Poland.
  • 1924: Memel has a governor appointed by the president of Lithuania, an elected parliament and a government appointed by the president of Lithuania. The government is responsible to the Memel parliament.
  • 1926: A coup d'état brings Antanas Smetona to power.
  • 1927: An democratic uprising fails.
  • 1934: A coup d'état by the fascist Iron Wolf fails.
Republic of Poland
  • 1923: After the parliamentary elections of 1922, the parliament decides to submit to Poland. On request of the parliament, Central Lithuania is incorporated into Poland.
German Empire
  • 1939: Memel is annexed to Nazi Germany.
  • 1939: Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union sign the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact. Lithuania is forced to accept Soviet bases in their countries. Central-Lithuania is occupied by the Soviet Union, which cedes it to Lithuania.
Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
  • 1940: The Soviet Union invades and annexes Lithuania. It is continued as the Lithuanian SSR, a Soviet puppet state.
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
  • 1940: Lithuania becomes a constituent state of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR, Soviet Union).
German Empire
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
  • 1944: The Soviet Union conquers Lithuania and the Lithuanian SSR is restored. A rebellion starts, which lasts until the 1950s.
Republic of Lithuania
  • 1990: Lithuania secedes from the Soviet Union. In reaction the Soviet Union attacks Lithuanian border posts.
  • 1991: After a referendum Lithuania becomes independent. Lithuania gets a president and a parliament elected in free multi-party elections on a universal suffrage. The parliament elects the president. The government is responsible to the parliament. Lithuania joins the United Nations.
  • 2004: Lithuania joins the European Union.[3]

  1. ^ The Grand Duchy of Lithuania is also rendered as Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Rus and Samogitia.
  2. ^ The Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth is als rendered as Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania.
  3. ^ In 2009 with the Treaty of Lisbon, signed in 2007, the European Community is dissolved into the European Union, becoming an overall legal unit.