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I’m completing this peer review for history 305 A couple of weeks after it was due. I didn’t get a chance to see it in its beginning stages. However, reading this article random was really a pleasant surprise. I did not know anything about this topic and is proud workers Who took joy and maximize production in whatever field day worked for the better meant of their nation. From what I read, I thought the article was very well put together. You did a great job explaining the subject and how are you evolved. I also part of the sources used to put together this article were very good. The section that stuck out to me most states “During World War II the Stakhanovites used different methods to increase productivity, such as working several machine-tools at a time and combining professions. The Stakhanovites organized the two hundreders movement(Russian: двухсотники, or dvukhsotniki; 200% or more of quota in a single shift)[10]” The reason why this section resonates with me as an individual is because I worked in sales and I’ve always been required to give 200%. I hate it, I’ve always felt that when individuals are pushed to exceed their sales goals at times they are forced to do an ethical practices in fear of losing their jobs. I do however, admire the people who collaborate together to achieve a goal for the better meant of their people, their country, the community, and their families.

Stakhanovite Movement (Lead Section Draft)

The term Stakhanovite originated in the Soviet Union and referred to workers who modeled themselves after Aleksai Grigorievich Stakhanov. These workers took pride in their ability to produce more than was required, by working harder and more efficiently Stakhanovites were able to produce more than the average worker. The Stakhanovite Movement was encouraged due to the idea of socialist emulation. The movement began in the coal industry but later spread to many other industries in the Soviet Union. The movement would eventually encounter resistance as the increased productivity led to increased demands on workers. CalebElswick (talk) 00:48, 31 March 2018 (UTC)

Edited History Section

During the 2nd five year plan, workers who overachieve is given better equipment and living conditions. This ideal of working harder help push the idea to do as much as possible in small amount time to get better living conditions. This idea help push industrially production to push Soviet Russia to be a country that can compete with others in a global scale.

Article Draft

Russian: За трудовую доблесть СССР, lit. 'Medal for Labour Valour USSR'

In Soviet history and iconography, a Stakhanovite (Russian: стахановец) was a diligent and enthusiastic worker who followed the example of Aleksei Grigorievich Stakhanov, employing hard work or Taylorist efficiencies to overachieve at work. Such a worker exhibited socialist emulation of model workers and was, or aspired to be, a shock worker.

History

The Stakhanovite movement began during the Soviet second 5-year plan in 1935 as a new stage of socialist competition. The Stakhanovite movement took its name from Aleksei Grigorievich Stakhanov, who had mined 102 tons of coal in less than 6 hours (14 times his quota) on 31 August 1935. However, Stakhanovite followers would soon "break" his record. On February 1, 1936, it was reported that Nikita Izotov had mined 640 tons of coal in a single shift.

The Stakhanovite movement, supported and led by the Communist Party, soon spread over other industries of the Soviet Union. Pioneers of the movement included Alexander Busygin (automobile industry), Nikolai Smetanin (shoe industry), Yevdokiya and Maria Vinogradov (textile industry), I.I.Gudov (machine tool industry), V.S.Musinsky (timber industry), Pyotr Krivonos (railroad), Pasha Angelina (glorified as the first Soviet woman to operate a tractor), Konstantin Borin and Maria Demchenko (agriculture) and many others.

On November 14–17, 1935, the 1st All-Union Stakhanovite Conference took place at the Kremlin. The conference emphasized the outstanding role of the Stakhanovite movement in the socialist re-construction of the national economy. In December 1935 the plenum of the Communist Party's Central Committee specifically discussed aspects of developing industry and transport systems in light of the Stakhanovite movement. The resolution of the plenum said: "The Stakhanovite movement means organizing labor in a new fashion, rationalizing technologic processes, correct division of labor, liberating qualified workers from secondary spadework, improving work place, providing rapid growth for labor productivity and securing significant increase of workers' salaries".

In accordance with the decisions of the plenum, the Soviets organized a wide network of industrial training and created special courses for foremen of socialist labor. In 1936 a number of industrial and technical conferences revised the projected production capacities of different industries and increased their outputs. They also introduced Stakhanovite competitions within factories and plants, broken down into periods of five days (Russian: пятидневка, or pyatidnevka), ten days (Russian: декада, or dekada) and 30 days (Russian: месячники, or mesyachniki). The factory management would often create the Stakhanovite brigades or departments, which reached a stable higher collective output. Female Stakhanovites emerged more seldom than male ones, but a quarter of all trade-union women were designated as "norm-breaking". A preponderance of rural Stakhanovites were women, working as milkmaids, calf tenders, and fieldworkers.

During World War II the Stakhanovites used different methods to increase productivity, such as working several machine-tools at a time and combining professions. The Stakhanovites organized the two hundreders movement(Russian: двухсотники, or dvukhsotniki; 200% or more of quota in a single shift)

Opposition and End

Opposition to the movement merited the label of "wrecker". Not all workers were excited about the Stakhanovites and the demand for increased productivity. Some groups held Aleksai Grigorievich Stakhanov responsible for making their lives harder.

In the de-Stalinization era, which sought to undermine any achievements made during Stalin's régime, the Stakhanovite movement was declared a Stalinist propaganda maneuver. Where workers received the best equipment and most favorable conditions, the best results would be achieved. After Stalin's death in March 1953 "brigades of socialist labor" replaced Stakhanovitism.In 1988 the Soviet newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda claimed that the widely propagandized personal achievements of Stakhanov were puffery. The paper insisted that Stakhanov had used a number of helpers on support work, while the output was tallied for him alone. Stakhanov's approach had eventually led to the increased productivity by means of a better organization of the work, including specialization and task sequencing, according to the Soviet state media.

In fiction

• Yuri Krymov's novel Tanker "Derbent", and an eponymous Soviet feature film based on the book, are about Stakhanovitism in oil transport across the Caspian Sea.
• Elio Petri's film The Working Class Goes to Heaven centered on a Stakhanovite.
• Harry Turtledove's novel The Gladiator (volume 5 of Crosstime Traffic), set in an alternate world where Communism prevailed in the Cold War, has multiple references to Stakhanovites as productivity models.
• Andrzej Wajda's film Man of Marble explores the myth-making process behind a fictional Polish Stakhanovite, telling the story of his rise and eventual fall from grace.

See also

• Shturmovshchina
• Chollima Movement

Sources

• Overy, Richard (2004). The Dictators: Hitler's Germany, Stalin's Russia. New York: W.W. Norton. ISBN 0-393-02030-4.
• Siegelbaum, Lewis; Sokolov, Andrei (2000). Stalinism as a Way of Life. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-08480-3.
• Pike, John. “Military.” Stakhanovite, www.globalsecurity.org/military/world/russia/stakhanov.htm.