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Vladimir Ashkenazy

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Vladimir Ashkenazy in 2007
Ashkenazy with his wife Þórunn and eldest son Vladimir in 1963

Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazy (Russian: Влади́мир Дави́дович Ашкена́зи, Vladimir Davidovich Ashkenazi; born 6 July 1937) is an internationally recognized solo pianist, chamber music performer, and conductor, originally from Russia, who has held Icelandic citizenship since 1972. He has lived in Switzerland since 1978. Ashkenazy collaborated with some of the most prestigious orchestras and soloists. In addition, he has recorded a large storehouse of classical and romantic works. His virtuoso yet carefully thoughtful recordings have earned him five Grammy awards plus Iceland's Order of the Falcon.

Life

Ashkenazy was born in Gorky, Soviet Union (now Nizhny Novgorod, Russia), to the pianist and composer David Ashkenazi and to the actress Yevstolia Grigorievna, born Plotnova. His father was Jewish and his mother was the daughter of a family of Russian Orthodox peasants.[1][2][3]

He began playing piano at the age of six. He was accepted to the Central Music School at age eight studying with Anaida Sumbatyan. Ashkenazy attended the Moscow Conservatory where he studied with Lev Oborin and Boris Zemliansky. He won second prize in the International Chopin Piano Competition in Warsaw in 1955 and the first prize in the Queen Elisabeth Music Competition in Brussels in 1956. He shared the first prize in the 1962 International Tchaikovsky Competition with British pianist John Ogdon. As a student, like many in that period, he was harassed by the KGB to become an "informer". He did not really cooperate, despite pressures from the authorities. In 1961 he married the Iceland-born Þórunn Jóhannsdóttir, who studied piano at the Moscow Conservatoire.[1] To marry Ashkenazy, Þórunn was forced to give up her Icelandic citizenship and declare that she wanted to live in the USSR. (Her name is usually transliterated as Thorunn and her nickname was Dódý.[4] She recorded as Dódý Ashkenazy.[5])

After numerous bureaucratic procedures, the Soviet authorities several times agreed to the Ashkenazys going to the West for musical performances and for visits to his parents-in-law with their first grandson. In his memoirs, Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev recollects that Ashkenazy had married an Englishwoman [sic] and on a visit to London refused to go back to the Soviet Union. Khrushchev mentions that Ashkenazy then went to the Soviet Embassy in London and asked what to do, who in turn referred the matter to Moscow. Khrushchev claims to have been of the opinion that to require Ashkenazy to return to the USSR would have made him an 'Anti-Soviet'. He further claims that this was a good example of an artist being able to come and go in and out of the USSR freely, which Ashkenazy himself said was a gross "distortion of the truth." [clarification needed].[6] In 1963 Ashkenazy decided to leave the USSR permanently, establishing residence in London where his wife's parents lived.

The couple moved to Iceland in 1968 where, in 1972, Ashkenazy became an Icelandic citizen.[7] In 1970 he helped to found the Reykjavík Arts Festival, of which he remains Honorary President.[8][9] In 1978 the couple and their five children (Vladimir Stefan, Nadia Liza, Dimitri Thor, Sonia Edda, and Alexandra Inga) moved to Meggen, Switzerland. As of 2016, he is residing in the small village of Pura in the Italian-speaking part of Switzerland.[10] His eldest son Vladimir, nicknamed 'Vovka', is a pianist and his second son Dimitri is a clarinetist.

Career

Ashkenazy has recorded a wide range of piano repertoire, both solo works and concerti. His recordings include:

His concerto recordings include:

(a) with the Chicago Symphony Orchestra under Sir Georg Solti
(b) with Zubin Mehta and the Vienna Philharmonic
(c) conducting from the piano with the Cleveland Orchestra

(a) with André Previn and the London Symphony Orchestra
(b) with Bernard Haitink and the Concertgebouw Orchestra

In public piano performances, Ashkenazy was known for rejecting a tie and button shirt in favor of a white turtleneck; and for running (not walking) onstage and offstage. He has also performed and recorded chamber music.

Moreover, Ashkenazy has had an acclaimed collaborative career, including an acclaimed recording of Beethoven's complete violin sonatas with Itzhak Perlman, as well as the cello sonatas with Lynn Harrell, and the piano trios with Harrell and Pinchas Zukerman.

Midway through his pianistic career, Ashkenazy branched into conducting. In Europe, Ashkenazy was principal conductor of the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra from 1987 to 1994, and of the Czech Philharmonic from 1998 to 2003. Ashkenazy is also conductor laureate of the Philharmonia Orchestra, conductor laureate of the Iceland Symphony Orchestra, and music director of the European Union Youth Orchestra.[11] In July 2013 he became director of the Accademia Pianistica Internazionale di Imola, succeeding its founder and director Franco Scala.[12] His recordings as a conductor include complete cycles of the symphonies of Sibelius and of Rachmaninoff, as well as orchestral works of Prokofiev, Shostakovich, Scriabin, Richard Strauss, Stravinsky, Beethoven, and Tchaikovsky.

Outside of Europe, Ashkenazy served as music director of the NHK Symphony Orchestra from 2004 to 2007. He was chief conductor of the Sydney Symphony Orchestra from 2009 to 2013.[13]

Ashkenazy has recorded for Decca since 1963; in 2013, Decca celebrated his 50th anniversary with the label with the box set 'Vladimir Ashkenazy: 50 Years on Decca', including 50 of Ashkenazy's recordings as both pianist and conductor.[14]

In other media, Ashkenazy has also appeared in several films on music by Christopher Nupen. He has also made his own orchestration of Modest Mussorgsky's piano suite Pictures at an Exhibition (1982). There has been a CD produced of his works named 'The Art of Ashkenazy', and a biography of Ashkenazy, 'Beyond Frontiers', has been published.

Awards and recognition

Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist(s) Performance (with orchestra)
Grammy Award for Best Chamber Music Performance
Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Soloist Performance

Bibliography

  • Ashkenazy, Vladimir; Parrott, Jasper (1985). Beyond Frontiers. New York: Atheneum. ISBN 0-689-11505-9.

References

  1. ^ a b Ashkenazy – Still Russian to the core, The Independent, 3 October 2008 (retrieved 23 October 2008)
  2. ^ Iceland Review Online: Daily News from Iceland, Current Affairs, Business, Politics, Sports, Culture. Icelandreview.com (6 December 2005). Retrieved on 2013-08-02.
  3. ^ Ashkenazy, Vladimir. Enotes.com. Retrieved on 29 October 2013.
  4. ^ http://www.britishpathe.com/video/russian-pianist-vladimir-ashkenazy-interviewed/query/Hotel
  5. ^ https://itunes.apple.com/us/album/rachmaninov-transcriptions/id121716932
  6. ^ Khrushchev Remembers, London 1971 p. 521
  7. ^ Vladimir Ashkenazy. Encyclopædia Britannica.
  8. ^ Reykjavík Arts Festival
  9. ^ European Festivals Association. Efa-aef.eu. Retrieved on 29 October 2013.
  10. ^ Interview with Vladimir Ashkenazy as published by the Basler Zeitung (3 March 2015): http://bazonline.ch/leben/gesellschaft/Es-ist-schwer-die-Sowjetunion-zu-vermissen/story/12490064
  11. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 23 October 2008. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link). European Unions Youth Orchestra.
  12. ^ "Musica: Vladimir Ashkenazy nuovo direttore dell'Accademia pianistica di Imola". La Repubblica (Bologna). 15 July 2013. Retrieved 12 January 2014.
  13. ^ Joyce Morgan; Paul Bibby (12 April 2007). "Maestro's star power a masterstroke for orchestra". The Sydney Morning Herald. p. 13. Retrieved 12 April 2007.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  14. ^ "VLADIMIR ASHKENAZY 50 Years on Decca". Decca Classics. Retrieved 17 October 2016.
  15. ^ Albert Grudziński (1955). "Competition V". IFCPC Official Site. Retrieved 4 May 2007.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Vladimir Ashkenazy.
Cultural offices
Preceded by Principal Conductor, Deutsches Symphonie-Orchester Berlin
1989–1999 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Music Director, NHK Symphony Orchestra
2004–2007 		Succeeded by
(post vacant)
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