Whaley House (San Diego, California)
32°45′10.18″N 117°11′40.15″W / 32.7528278°N 117.1944861°W
 Whaley House, 2010 | |
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| Established | Original construction: 1857 Current museum: May 25, 1960 |
|---|---|
| Location | 2476 San Diego Avenue San Diego, California |
| Website | Official website |
| Reference no. | 65 |
| Reference no. | 24[1] |
The Whaley House is an 1857 Greek Revival style residence, a California Historical Landmark,[2] and museum located in Old Town, San Diego, California. It is currently maintained by Save Our Heritage Organisation (SOHO).
The Whaley House was the home of Thomas Whaley and his family. At various times it also housed Whaley's general store, San Diego's second county courthouse, and the first commercial theater in San Diego.[3] The house has "witnessed more history than any other building in the city".[4]
Whaley family
Thomas Whaley, of Scots-Irish origin, was born on October 5, 1823 in New York City, the seventh child in a family of ten. After taking over his father's successful business relations, Whaley left New York on January 1, 1849. During the California gold rush, he arrived in San Francisco where he engaged in business. He then left and arrived in San Diego in September 1851. After living in San Diego for two years, Whaley went back to New York to marry Anna Eloise Delaunay on August 14, 1853. Together they started a new life in California, arriving in San Diego on December 7, 1853. On August 22, 1857 the Whaleys moved into their finely built home, now known as the Whaley House.[3]
Thomas and Anna Whaley had six children, Francis Hinton, Anna Amelia, Thomas Whaley Jr, George, Violet, and Corinne Lillian. Francis was the first, born on December 28, 1854 and was named after a business partner. Thomas Whaley Jr. was born on August 18, 1856. He suffered from Scarlet Fever at 18 months and died on January 29, 1858 in the Whaley House in Old Town. Anna gave birth to Anna Amelia Whaley on June 27, 1858.
After the death of baby Thomas Jr., and the loss by fire of their wooden store, Thomas and Anna decided to move to San Francisco.[3] In January 1859, Thomas Whaley turned his affairs in Old Town over to Frank Ames, the Wells Fargo agent. On November 5, 1860, George Hay Ringgold Whaley was the fourth born to Thomas and Anna. On October 14, 1862, Violet Eloise Whaley was the fifth baby born to Thomas and Anna. Corinne Lillian, youngest of six children, was born on September 4, 1864. In the summer of 1868, Thomas invested some of his new capitol of stock in merchandise and headed back to San Diego. Thomas fixed up the old Whaley House, and Anna and the rest of the family arrived back home to San Diego on December 12, 1868.[3]
On January 5, 1882, Violet Eloise Whaley and Anna Amelia Whaley married in Old San Diego. Violet married George T. Bertolacci and Anna Amelia wed her first cousin John T. Whaley, son of Henry Hurst Whaley. Two weeks into Violet's marriage, as the couple was traveling back east on their honeymoon, she awoke one morning to find her husband gone. Bertolacci, as it turned out, was a con artist, and as Violet and her family later learned, had only married her for the substantial dowry he believed he would collect, upon the marriage. Due to the restrictive morals and societal standards of the time period, Violet was essentially shunned by polite society upon returning home, not only without her husband, but also unchaperoned, something proper ladies simply did not do in late 19th century Victorian society. Violet and George's divorce was finalized approximately a year later, but Violet never recovered from the public humiliation and betrayal and suffered from depression.[3] Violet committed suicide by shooting herself in the chest with Thomas's 32-calibre on August 18, 1885.[3] She was then 22 years of age. Her suicide note reads thus:
Mad from life's history,
Swift to death's mystery;
Glad to be hurled,
Anywhere, anywhere, out of this world.— Violet Whaley, Save Our Heritage Organisation[5]
The suicide note is a passage from 'Bridge of Sighs', a poem by Thomas Hood. This particular poem is also offered up by Edgar Allan Poe, as an example of painting with words; he spoke of it ('Bridge of Sighs') and it was referenced in his published works during his lectures. [6]) Corrine Lillian was engaged at the time of her sister's death, but her fiancé broke off the engagement due to the scandal it raised. After these tragic events, Thomas Whaley built a single-story frame home for his family at 933 State Street in Downtown San Diego and the family moved into the new residence, leaving the Whaley House vacant for over two decades.[3]
Francis Whaley married Susan E. Murray in Mendocino, California on December 31, 1888. On December 14, 1890, Thomas Whaley died due to ill health at the State Street address. Anna Amelia Whaley died at Modesto, California on December 12, 1905.[3]
Meanwhile, the old Whaley House remained vacant and fell into disrepair. In late 1909 Francis Whaley undertook the restoration of the building and turned the home into a tourist attraction, where he posted signs promoting its historicity and entertained visitors with his guitar. Anna Whaley, Thomas's widow, Corinne Lillian, Francis and George all lived in the old Whaley House in 1912. On February 24, 1913 Anna died at eighty years of age. A year later, Francis Whaley died on November 19, 1914. George Whaley died on January 5, 1928 in San Diego and, Corinne Lillian Whaley continued residency in the house until her death in 1953.[7]
After all this family history of success and deaths the Whaley House remains well known as a haunted house. It is said that guests and the staff, from time to time, will catch a glimpse of the ghost of a Whaley family member who died inside the house such as: baby Thomas Jr., Violet, Anna, Francis, George and Corinne Lillian Whaley.[8]
The house
The Whaley House is located in the Old Town neighborhood of San Diego, California. The historic house opened as a museum on May 25, 1960, managed by the San Diego Historical Shrine Foundation, a non-profit organization formed in 1956 and led by James E. Reading and June A. Strudwick-Reading.[9] June Strudwick-Reading served as the Director of the Whaley House Museum from 1960 until her death in January 1998. The Whaley House has been maintained by Save Our Heritage Organisation (SOHO) since 2000. Since 2007 a live-in caretaker has lived on the property to prevent theft and vandalism.[10]
The two-story Greek Revival house was designed by Thomas Whaley himself and construction began on May 6, 1856.[7] Completed in 1857, the cost of the house was more than $10,000.[4] It was made from bricks created in Whaley's own brickyard on Conde Street. The house was the first of its kind in San Diego.
"My new house, when completed, will be the handsomest, most comfortable and convenient place in town or within 150 miles of here."
— Thomas Whaley, San Diego Coast Life[11]
Whaley's new house was known as the finest in Southern California. The house was furnished with mahogany and rosewood furniture, Brussels carpets, and damask drapes and was considered a mansion for its time and place. The residence became the gathering place for San Diego. Besides being the Whaley family home, it was also San Diego's first commercial theater, the county courthouse, and a general store.
In October 1868, an upstairs family bedroom was converted into a theater after Thomas Whaley rented the room out to the Tanner Troupe, a local theatre troupe traveling through San Diego at the time. For the troupe's opening night performance, the small room accommodated a stage, a few benches, and an astonishing 150 guests, although it was mostly standing room only and ladies had been advised not to wear their hoop skirts or petticoats that evening to allow for more room. The operator of the theater, Thomas Tanner, died just 17 days after opening, and his troupe had disbanded by the end of January, 1869. The Whaley House also served as the county courthouse in 1869.[7] For 65 dollars a month, the county of San Diego leased the courtroom and three of the upstairs bedrooms. Another part of the Whaley House history was the Whaley & Crosthwaite General Store which was a wholesale and retail store.[3]
In the 1860s and 1870s the house became the focal point of a battle between Old Town residents and residents of New Town (current downtown) for dominance of San Diego. The San Diego County government had been renting a portion of Whaley House for its offices and records. Whaley offered several times to sell the house to the county, but the offer was ignored. New Towners demanded that the county offices and records be moved to New Town.[7] The issue dominated local elections, with Republicans favoring New Town while Democrats favored Old Town. There were conflicting court orders; at one point the local sheriff was ordered to seize Whaley House, but refused. A judge ordered the removal of three supervisors from the Board of Supervisors, and another judge tried to appoint three other men to the posts. After several years of court battles the California Supreme Court ordered the reinstatement of the three original supervisors, who ordered that the county records be moved to New Town. Despite threats of armed resistance from the Old Towners, the records were moved on March 31, 1871, effectively shifting the focus of the city to New Town.[4]
Rumors of hauntings
The house has frequently been cited as haunted, based on strange noises or sights reported by some visitors. In 2005, LIFE magazine called Whaley House "the most haunted house in America."[12] Shortly after the Whaley family moved in, they told the San Diego Union that they heard heavy footsteps in the house which they believed to be the ghost of James "Yankee Jim" Robinson, who had earlier been hanged on the property.[7][13] Some visitors have reported seeing apparitions of Thomas Whaley or Anna Whaley.[13] On the last weekend of every month, the Whaley House Museum offers a late night "ghost hunting tour".[14] Additional tours are offered around Halloween.[12]
Television and film
The Whaley House has been featured in many historical documentaries as well as a wide variety of paranormal and sci-fi shows, including Syfy Channel's Fact or Faked: Paranormal Files[15] and Travel Channel's America's Most Haunted, in which it was stated the Whaley House was the most supernatural home in the United States.[16]
The Whaley House was mentioned in the 2007 animated movie Hellboy: Blood and Iron, in which one of the characters references the paranormal entity Yankee Jim.
In 2012 the film studio Asylum released an independent low-budget movie titled The Haunting of Whaley House. Although the film was shot on location at the historic Bembridge House in Long Beach, California, the history and ghostly legends of the Whaley House were used as a basis for the movie.[17]
In 2012, the Whaley House was featured on the Biography Channel's The Haunting of Regis Philbin. While filming for a local San Diego morning show in 1964, Regis Philbin visited the Whaley House Museum and claimed to have a paranormal encounter with Mrs. Whaley. Philbin stated, "You know a lot people pooh-pooh it because they can't see it. But there was something going on in that house."[18]
On an episode of MTV's Ridiculousness, host Rob Dyrdek commented that he lived next to "the most haunted house in California" and would spend nights calling for Old Man Whaley.[19]
In 2014, the Whaley House was featured on Ghost Adventures as the main investigation of the series' 110th episode.
See also
References
- ^ "Historical Landmarks Designated by the San Diego Historical Resources Board" (PDF). City of San Diego.
- ^ "Whaley House". Office of Historic Preservation, California State Parks. Retrieved 2012-10-13.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "The Whaley Family". http://whaleyhouse.org: Save Our Heritage Organisation. Retrieved June 2012.
In August 1857, Whaley established his general store in this residence, and solicited cash customers only.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); External link in|location= - ^ a b c Strudwick, June A. (April 1960). "The Whaley House". Journal of San Diego History. 6 (2).
- ^ "Whaley Chronology". http://whaleyhouse.org: Save Our Heritage Organisation. Retrieved June 2012.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); External link in|location= - ^ http://www.poemhunter.com/poem/the-bridge-of-sighs/
- ^ a b c d e Engstrand, Iris (2005). San Diego: California's Cornerstone. Sunbelt Publications. pp. 82–83. ISBN 978-0-932653-72-7.
- ^ "Ghostly Legends of the Whaley House". http://whaleyhouse.org: Save Our Heritage Organisation. Retrieved June 2012.
{{cite web}}: Check date values in:|accessdate=(help); External link in|location= - ^ "The Whaley House". The San Diego Historical Society Quarterly. 6 (Special Issue): Forward. April 1960.
- ^ Graham, David E. (August 5, 2007). "Ciaudella House upgrades alarms, to hire caretaker". San Diego Union Tribune. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ "Whaley Quote". January 2010.
- ^ a b Bell, Diane (October 28, 2011). "Get into the Halloween spirits at a real haunted house". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ a b "Ghostly legends of the Whaley House". whaleyhouse.org. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ "Tours & Events 2013". whaleyhouse.org. Retrieved 15 March 2013.
- ^ Fact or Faked: Paranormal Files", SyFy Channel
- ^ "Top 10 Haunted Places". Time. October 30, 2008. Archived from the original on June 25, 2014.
- ^ Bembridge House
- ^ "The Haunting of Regis Philbin", Bio Channel
- ^ Ridiculousness episode, MTV
External links
