Acneiform eruption: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|Medical condition }} |
{{Short description|Medical condition }} |
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{{Infobox medical condition (new) |
{{Infobox medical condition (new) |
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| name = Acneiform eruption |
| name = Acneiform eruption |
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| image = Patient with facial angiofibromas caused by tuberous sclerosis.jpg |
| image = Patient with facial angiofibromas caused by tuberous sclerosis.jpg |
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| caption = Facial angiofibromas caused by tuberous sclerosis mimicking acne |
| caption = Facial [[Angiofibroma of soft tissue|angiofibromas]] caused by [[tuberous sclerosis]] mimicking acne |
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| field = [[Dermatology]] |
| field = [[Dermatology]] |
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'''Acneiform eruptions''', or '''acne mimicking eruptions''', are a group of [[dermatosis|skin conditions]] characterized by [[papule|small bumps]] resembling [[acne]].<ref name=Plewig2019>{{cite book |last1=Plewig |first1=Gerd |last2=Melnik |first2=Bodo |last3=Chen |first3=WenChieh |title=Plewig and Kligman ́s Acne and Rosacea |date=2019 |publisher=Springer |location=Switzerland |isbn=978-3-319-49273-5 |page=299-404 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YX6cDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA299 |language=en |chapter=9 Acne mimicking diseases}}</ref> Typically, these bumps are mostly of similar size.<ref name=Plewig2019/> Some [[nodule (medicine)|bumps may be bigger]] or [[pustule|contain fluid]]. |
'''Acneiform eruptions''', or '''acne mimicking eruptions''', are a group of [[dermatosis|skin conditions]] characterized by [[papule|small bumps]] resembling [[acne]].<ref name=Plewig2019>{{cite book |last1=Plewig |first1=Gerd |last2=Melnik |first2=Bodo |last3=Chen |first3=WenChieh |title=Plewig and Kligman ́s Acne and Rosacea |date=2019 |publisher=Springer |location=Switzerland |isbn=978-3-319-49273-5 |page=299-404 |chapter-url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YX6cDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA299 |language=en |chapter=9 Acne mimicking diseases}}</ref> Typically, these bumps are mostly of similar size.<ref name=Plewig2019/> Some [[nodule (medicine)|bumps may be bigger]] or [[pustule|contain fluid]].Generally, [[comedo|blackheads and whiteheads]] are absent. It tends to appear suddenly, with the chest and back most frequently affected.<ref name="Nair Salazar 2023 e739"/> |
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Causes include [[cosmetics]], the application of greasy products, and some medicines.<ref name=Plewig2019/> Repeated rubbing of skin and pressure are other triggers. |
Causes include [[cosmetics]], the application of greasy products, and some medicines.<ref name=Plewig2019/> Repeated rubbing of skin and pressure are other triggers. The facial bumps of [[tuberous sclerosis]] can resemble acne. Any age can be affected.<ref name="Nair Salazar 2023 e739"/> |
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== Signs and symptoms == |
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Any age can be affected.<ref name=Nair2022/> |
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[[Papule|Papules]] and [[pustules]] with no true [[comedones]] are mostly found on the trunk and back. Nodulocystic lesions are uncommon. In contrast to [[acne]], these lesions can appear anywhere on the body, not just on the face. When the cause is a drug eruption, the individual will usually specify that the lesions go away once the medication is stopped.<ref name="Nair Salazar 2023 e739">{{cite web | last=Nair | first=Pragya A. | last2=Salazar | first2=Francisco J. | title=Acneiform Eruptions | publisher=StatPearls Publishing | date=July 31, 2023 | pmid=29083685 |url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK459207/ | access-date=November 17, 2023}}</ref> |
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== Causes == |
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Infections, changes in [[Hormone|hormones]] or [[metabolism]], [[Genetic disorder|genetic disorders]], [[Adverse drug reaction|drug reactions]], chemical contact, friction, and pressure can all cause acne-like eruptions.<ref name="Nair Salazar 2023 e739"/> |
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In general, drugs that cause acneiform eruptions can aggravate or cause the reappearance of pre-existing acne. The most common type of [[drug-induced acne]] is [[steroid acne]]. It is seen as a side effect of [[glucocorticosteroid]] treatment and also after steroid inhalation. It almost always happens a few weeks after starting the therapy.<ref name="Plewig Kligman 2000 pp. 432–439">{{cite book | last=Plewig | first=Gerd | last2=Kligman | first2=Albert M. | title=ACNE and ROSACEA | chapter=Acneiform Eruptions | publisher=Springer Berlin Heidelberg | publication-place=Berlin, Heidelberg | year=2000 | isbn=978-3-540-66751-3 | doi=10.1007/978-3-642-59715-2_50 | page=432–439|url=https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-642-59715-2_50|access-date=November 16, 2023}}</ref> |
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Acneiform eruptions can also be caused by other hormones. [[Corticotropin]] can cause papules, but only after prolonged exposure. Acneiform eruptions can also occur when natural [[Androgen|androgens]], such as [[testosterone]], are used in overly tall boys, or when [[Anabolic steroid|synthetic androgens]], such as [[danazol]], are used.<ref name="Du-Thanh Kluger Bensalleh Guillot 2011 pp. 233–245">{{cite journal | last=Du-Thanh | first=Aurélie | last2=Kluger | first2=Nicolas | last3=Bensalleh | first3=Houdna | last4=Guillot | first4=Bernard | title=Drug-Induced Acneiform Eruption | journal=American Journal of Clinical Dermatology | publisher=Springer Science and Business Media LLC | volume=12 | issue=4 | year=2011 | issn=1175-0561 | doi=10.2165/11588900-000000000-00000 | pages=233–245|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.2165/11588900-000000000-00000|access-date=November 16, 2023}}</ref> |
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Certain [[Anticonvulsant|anticonvulsant medications]] can also aggravate pre-existing acne or trigger acneiform eruptions following a few weeks. This is a side effect of [[Hydantoin|hydantoins]], [[trimethadione]], [[primidone]], and [[phenobarbital]]. [[Dantrolene]] is a [[hydantoin]] derivative that can aggravate acne or cause acneiform eruptions. |
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A number of [[Psychopharmacology|psychopharmacological]] drugs have been linked to acneiform eruptions. This effect is seen with [[Phenothiazine|phenothiazines]], [[diazepam]], and [[chloral hydrate]], but particularly with [[lithium carbonate]].<ref name="Plewig Kligman 2000 pp. 432–439"/> |
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== Diagnosis == |
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Acneiform eruptions differentiate themselves from acne vulgaris by a history of sudden onset, a monomorphic morphology, eruption development at any age, affecting the trunk more frequently than the face, not always affecting [[Sebaceous gland|sebaceous]] areas of the body, and the rarity of [[cyst]] formation. In most cases, the diagnosis is made clinically, but if there is any doubt, a [[Skin biopsy|biopsy]] or culture of any discharge may be obtained. Another method for making a diagnosis is to withdraw the suspected medication.<ref name="Nair Salazar 2023 e739"/> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[ |
* [[Drug eruption]] |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== Further reading == |
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* {{cite book | title=Acneiform Eruptions in Dermatology | publisher=Springer New York | publication-place=New York, NY | year=2014 | isbn=978-1-4614-8343-4 | doi=10.1007/978-1-4614-8344-1 |url=https://link.springer.com/book/10.1007/978-1-4614-8344-1|ref=none}} |
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* {{cite journal | last=Dessinioti | first=Clio | last2=Antoniou | first2=Christina | last3=Katsambas | first3=Andreas | title=Acneiform eruptions | journal=Clinics in Dermatology | publisher=Elsevier BV | volume=32 | issue=1 | year=2014 | issn=0738-081X | doi=10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.05.023 | pages=24–34|url=https://link.springer.com/article/10.2165/11588900-000000000-00000|ref=none}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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{{Medical resources |
{{Medical resources |
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| ICD9 = <!-- {{ICD9|692.3}} --> |
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| MeshID = D017486 |
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| DiseasesDB = 14612 |
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| SNOMED CT = 402644006 |
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| Scholia = Q2365426 |
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{{Disorders of skin appendages}} |
{{Disorders of skin appendages}} |
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[[Category:Acneiform eruptions]] |
[[Category:Acneiform eruptions]] |
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{{cutaneous-condition-stub}} |
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Revision as of 03:57, 17 November 2023
| Acneiform eruption | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Facial angiofibromas caused by tuberous sclerosis mimicking acne | |
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Acneiform eruptions, or acne mimicking eruptions, are a group of skin conditions characterized by small bumps resembling acne.[1] Typically, these bumps are mostly of similar size.[1] Some bumps may be bigger or contain fluid.Generally, blackheads and whiteheads are absent. It tends to appear suddenly, with the chest and back most frequently affected.[2]
Causes include cosmetics, the application of greasy products, and some medicines.[1] Repeated rubbing of skin and pressure are other triggers. The facial bumps of tuberous sclerosis can resemble acne. Any age can be affected.[2]
Signs and symptoms
Papules and pustules with no true comedones are mostly found on the trunk and back. Nodulocystic lesions are uncommon. In contrast to acne, these lesions can appear anywhere on the body, not just on the face. When the cause is a drug eruption, the individual will usually specify that the lesions go away once the medication is stopped.[2]
Causes
Infections, changes in hormones or metabolism, genetic disorders, drug reactions, chemical contact, friction, and pressure can all cause acne-like eruptions.[2]
In general, drugs that cause acneiform eruptions can aggravate or cause the reappearance of pre-existing acne. The most common type of drug-induced acne is steroid acne. It is seen as a side effect of glucocorticosteroid treatment and also after steroid inhalation. It almost always happens a few weeks after starting the therapy.[3]
Acneiform eruptions can also be caused by other hormones. Corticotropin can cause papules, but only after prolonged exposure. Acneiform eruptions can also occur when natural androgens, such as testosterone, are used in overly tall boys, or when synthetic androgens, such as danazol, are used.[4]
Certain anticonvulsant medications can also aggravate pre-existing acne or trigger acneiform eruptions following a few weeks. This is a side effect of hydantoins, trimethadione, primidone, and phenobarbital. Dantrolene is a hydantoin derivative that can aggravate acne or cause acneiform eruptions.
A number of psychopharmacological drugs have been linked to acneiform eruptions. This effect is seen with phenothiazines, diazepam, and chloral hydrate, but particularly with lithium carbonate.[3]
Diagnosis
Acneiform eruptions differentiate themselves from acne vulgaris by a history of sudden onset, a monomorphic morphology, eruption development at any age, affecting the trunk more frequently than the face, not always affecting sebaceous areas of the body, and the rarity of cyst formation. In most cases, the diagnosis is made clinically, but if there is any doubt, a biopsy or culture of any discharge may be obtained. Another method for making a diagnosis is to withdraw the suspected medication.[2]
See also
References
- ^ a b c Plewig, Gerd; Melnik, Bodo; Chen, WenChieh (2019). "9 Acne mimicking diseases". Plewig and Kligman ́s Acne and Rosacea. Switzerland: Springer. p. 299-404. ISBN 978-3-319-49273-5.
- ^ a b c d e Nair, Pragya A.; Salazar, Francisco J. (July 31, 2023). "Acneiform Eruptions". StatPearls Publishing. PMID 29083685. Retrieved November 17, 2023.
- ^ a b Plewig, Gerd; Kligman, Albert M. (2000). "Acneiform Eruptions". ACNE and ROSACEA. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 432–439. doi:10.1007/978-3-642-59715-2_50. ISBN 978-3-540-66751-3. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
- ^ Du-Thanh, Aurélie; Kluger, Nicolas; Bensalleh, Houdna; Guillot, Bernard (2011). "Drug-Induced Acneiform Eruption". American Journal of Clinical Dermatology. 12 (4). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 233–245. doi:10.2165/11588900-000000000-00000. ISSN 1175-0561. Retrieved November 16, 2023.
Further reading
- Acneiform Eruptions in Dermatology. New York, NY: Springer New York. 2014. doi:10.1007/978-1-4614-8344-1. ISBN 978-1-4614-8343-4.
- Dessinioti, Clio; Antoniou, Christina; Katsambas, Andreas (2014). "Acneiform eruptions". Clinics in Dermatology. 32 (1). Elsevier BV: 24–34. doi:10.1016/j.clindermatol.2013.05.023. ISSN 0738-081X.