Trichostasis spinulosa: Difference between revisions
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'''Trichostasis spinulosa''' is a common but rarely diagnosed disorder of the hair follicles<ref name="pmid23766613">{{cite journal|last=Gündüz|first=Özge|author2=Aytekin, Asli |title=Trichostasis Spinulosa Confirmed by Standard Skin Surface Biopsy|journal=International Journal of Trichology|date=1 January 2012|volume=4|issue=4|pages=273–4|doi=10.4103/0974-7753.111201|pmid=23766613|pmc=3681110 |doi-access=free }} |
'''Trichostasis spinulosa''' is a common but rarely diagnosed disorder of the [[Hair follicle|hair follicles]]<ref name="pmid23766613">{{cite journal|last=Gündüz|first=Özge|author2=Aytekin, Asli |title=Trichostasis Spinulosa Confirmed by Standard Skin Surface Biopsy|journal=International Journal of Trichology|date=1 January 2012|volume=4|issue=4|pages=273–4|doi=10.4103/0974-7753.111201|pmid=23766613|pmc=3681110 |doi-access=free }}</ref> that clinically gives the impression of [[blackheads]], but the follicles are filled with funnel-shaped, horny plugs that are bundles of [[vellus hair]]s.<ref name="Andrews">James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). ''Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology''. (10th ed.). Saunders. {{ISBN|0-7216-2921-0}}.</ref>{{rp|768}} |
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== Signs and symptoms == |
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Trichostasis spinulosa can appear in several ways, such as as open [[Comedo|comedones]] or elevated follicular spicules, or it can stay invisible. Lesions on the face, cheek, and nose are frequently found in the patients.<ref name="Open Comedones">{{cite journal | last=Harford | first=Robert R. | last2=Cobb | first2=Mark W. | last3=Miller | first3=Matthew L. | title=Trichostasis Spinulosa: A Clinical Simulant of Acne Open Comedones | journal=Pediatric Dermatology | publisher=Wiley | volume=13 | issue=6 | year=1996 | issn=0736-8046 | doi=10.1111/j.1525-1470.1996.tb00731.x | pages=490–492}}</ref> |
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== Causes == |
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The exact etiology of trichostasis spinulosa is unknown. There have been suggestions for congenital variables such hair follicle dysplasia as well as extrinsic elements like dust, oils, UV light, heat, and [[Allergen|allergens]]. According to one theory, [[hyperkeratosis]] in the follicular infundibulum causes hair shaft entrapment, which prevents regular hair shedding.<ref name="unusual diagnosis">{{cite journal | last=Kundu | first=Tamalika | last2=Kundu | first2=Arunava | last3=Gon | first3=Sonia | title=Trichostasis spinulosa: An unusual diagnosis presenting as a double lower eyelid | journal=International Journal of Trichology | publisher=Medknow | volume=8 | issue=1 | year=2016 | issn=0974-7753 | doi=10.4103/0974-7753.179396 | doi-access=free | page=21}}</ref> |
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== Diagnosis == |
== Diagnosis == |
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Standard skin surface biopsy (SSSB) is a noninvasive method used for diagnosis.<ref name="pmid23766613" /> |
Standard skin surface biopsy (SSSB) is a noninvasive method used for diagnosis.<ref name="pmid23766613" /> |
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[[Favre–Racouchot syndrome|Favre-Racouchot syndrome]], [[Eruptive vellus hair cyst|eruptive vellus hair cysts]], [[keratosis pilaris]], and comedogenic [[acne]] are among the conditions that might be identified as differential diagnoses for facial trichostasis spinulosa.<ref name="unusual diagnosis"/> |
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Various therapeutic techniques, such as hydroactive adhesive tapes, local [[Keratolytic|keratolytics]], oral and local [[Retinoid|retinoids]], have been tested with varying degrees of success.<ref name="Gutte 2012 p. 285">{{cite journal | last=Gutte | first=RameshwarM | title=Itchy Black Hair Bristles on Back | journal=International Journal of Trichology | publisher=Medknow | volume=4 | issue=4 | year=2012 | issn=0974-7753 | doi=10.4103/0974-7753.111210 | doi-access=free | page=285}}</ref> Capryloyl [[salicylic acid]] peelings performed repeatedly have produced positive results.<ref name="Naveen Shetty 2014 p. 132">{{cite journal | last=Naveen | first=KikkeriNarayanasetty | last2=Shetty | first2=SurajR | title=Trichostasis spinulosa: An overlooked entity | journal=Indian Dermatology Online Journal | publisher=Medknow | volume=5 | issue=6 | year=2014 | issn=2229-5178 | doi=10.4103/2229-5178.146195 | doi-access=free | page=132}}</ref> |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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* [[List of cutaneous conditions]] |
* [[List of cutaneous conditions]] |
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==References== |
== References == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== Further reading == |
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* {{cite journal | last=Strobos | first=Michiel A. | last2=Jonkman | first2=Marcel F. | title=Trichostasis spinulosa: itchy follicular papules in young adults | journal=International Journal of Dermatology | publisher=Wiley | volume=41 | issue=10 | year=2002 | issn=0011-9059 | doi=10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01508.x | pages=643–646 | ref=none}} |
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* {{cite journal | last=Chagas | first=Flavianne Sobral Cardoso | last2=Donati | first2=Aline | last3=Soares | first3=Isabella Ibrahim Doche | last4=Valente | first4=Neusa Sakai | last5=Romiti | first5=Ricardo | title=Trichostasis spinulosa of the scalp mimicking Alopecia Areata black dots | journal=Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia | publisher=FapUNIFESP (SciELO) | volume=89 | issue=4 | year=2014 | issn=0365-0596 | doi=10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142407 | pages=685–687 | ref=none}} |
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== External links == |
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* [https://dermnetnz.org/topics/trichostasis-spinulosa DermNet] |
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* [https://www.visualdx.com/visualdx/diagnosis/trichostasis+spinulosa?diagnosisId=52435&moduleId=101 VisualDx] |
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{{Medical resources |
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| ICD11 = {{ICD11|ED9Y}} |
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| ICD10 = {{ICD10|L73.8}} |
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| MeshID = C536558 |
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| DiseasesDB = 31376 |
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| SNOMED CT = 21049007 |
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| eMedicineTopic = 1071782 |
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| GARDNum = 5269 |
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| GARDName = Trichostasis spinulosa |
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| Scholia = Q7841016 |
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{{Disorders of skin appendages}} |
{{Disorders of skin appendages}} |
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Revision as of 04:30, 28 March 2024
| Trichostasis spinulosa | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Trichostasis spinulosa is a common but rarely diagnosed disorder of the hair follicles[1] that clinically gives the impression of blackheads, but the follicles are filled with funnel-shaped, horny plugs that are bundles of vellus hairs.[2]: 768
Signs and symptoms
Trichostasis spinulosa can appear in several ways, such as as open comedones or elevated follicular spicules, or it can stay invisible. Lesions on the face, cheek, and nose are frequently found in the patients.[3]
Causes
The exact etiology of trichostasis spinulosa is unknown. There have been suggestions for congenital variables such hair follicle dysplasia as well as extrinsic elements like dust, oils, UV light, heat, and allergens. According to one theory, hyperkeratosis in the follicular infundibulum causes hair shaft entrapment, which prevents regular hair shedding.[4]
Diagnosis
Standard skin surface biopsy (SSSB) is a noninvasive method used for diagnosis.[1]
Favre-Racouchot syndrome, eruptive vellus hair cysts, keratosis pilaris, and comedogenic acne are among the conditions that might be identified as differential diagnoses for facial trichostasis spinulosa.[4]
Treatment
Various therapeutic techniques, such as hydroactive adhesive tapes, local keratolytics, oral and local retinoids, have been tested with varying degrees of success.[5] Capryloyl salicylic acid peelings performed repeatedly have produced positive results.[6]
See also
References
- ^ a b Gündüz, Özge; Aytekin, Asli (1 January 2012). "Trichostasis Spinulosa Confirmed by Standard Skin Surface Biopsy". International Journal of Trichology. 4 (4): 273–4. doi:10.4103/0974-7753.111201. PMC 3681110. PMID 23766613.
- ^ James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ Harford, Robert R.; Cobb, Mark W.; Miller, Matthew L. (1996). "Trichostasis Spinulosa: A Clinical Simulant of Acne Open Comedones". Pediatric Dermatology. 13 (6). Wiley: 490–492. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1470.1996.tb00731.x. ISSN 0736-8046.
- ^ a b Kundu, Tamalika; Kundu, Arunava; Gon, Sonia (2016). "Trichostasis spinulosa: An unusual diagnosis presenting as a double lower eyelid". International Journal of Trichology. 8 (1). Medknow: 21. doi:10.4103/0974-7753.179396. ISSN 0974-7753.
- ^ Gutte, RameshwarM (2012). "Itchy Black Hair Bristles on Back". International Journal of Trichology. 4 (4). Medknow: 285. doi:10.4103/0974-7753.111210. ISSN 0974-7753.
Further reading
- Strobos, Michiel A.; Jonkman, Marcel F. (2002). "Trichostasis spinulosa: itchy follicular papules in young adults". International Journal of Dermatology. 41 (10). Wiley: 643–646. doi:10.1046/j.1365-4362.2002.01508.x. ISSN 0011-9059.
- Chagas, Flavianne Sobral Cardoso; Donati, Aline; Soares, Isabella Ibrahim Doche; Valente, Neusa Sakai; Romiti, Ricardo (2014). "Trichostasis spinulosa of the scalp mimicking Alopecia Areata black dots". Anais Brasileiros de Dermatologia. 89 (4). FapUNIFESP (SciELO): 685–687. doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142407. ISSN 0365-0596.
External links