Haplogroup Q-M120: Difference between revisions

Haplogroup Q-M120
Haplogroup Q-M120
Possible time of origin	Insufficient Data
Possible place of origin	Asia
Ancestor	Q-MEH2
Defining mutations	M120 and M265 (AKA N14)

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Haplogroup Q-M120 is a subclade of Y-DNA Haplogroup Q-MEH2. Haplogroup Q-M120 is defined by the presence of the M120 Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP).

Distribution

Q-M120 has descendants in modern populations across all of Eurasia and Northeastern Africa.

The Americas

Q-M120 has not been detected in pre-Colombian populations in the Americas.

Asia

Q-M120 is present in Eastern Asia. It may trace its origin to East Asia. The frequency of Q in northern China is about 4%, with many Chinese samples of haplogroup Q belonging to the subclade Q-M120.^[1]^[2] It has been found at low frequency among Han Chinese,^[1]^[2] Dungans,^[3] Japanese,^[4] Koreans,^[3] and Tibetans.^[5]^[2] Although it was reported in the Hazaras,^[6] it was subsequently shown to be a lab error as demonstrated by the phylogenetic tree changes in Karafet 2008.

Europe

To date, Q-M120 has not been detected in European populations.

Associated SNP's

Q-M120 is currently defined by the M120 SNP as well as the M265 (AKA N14) SNP.

Phylogenetic Tree

This is Thomas Krahn at the Genomic Research Center's Draft tree [1] for haplogroup Q-M120.

Q-MEH2 MEH2, L472, L528
- Q-M120 M120, N14/M265

References

^ ^a ^b Wen B, Li H, Lu D; et al. (2004). "Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture". Nature. 431 (7006): 302–5. doi:10.1038/nature02878. PMID 15372031. Supplementary Table 2: NRY haplogroup distribution in Han populations {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); External link in |quote= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ ^a ^b ^c Su, Bing; Xiao, Chunjie; Deka, Ranjan; Seielstad, Mark T.; Kangwanpong, Daoroong; Xiao, Junhua; Lu, Daru; Underhill, Peter; Cavalli-Sforza, Luca (2000). "Y chromosome haplotypes reveal prehistorical migrations to the Himalayas". Human Genetics. 107 (6): 582–90. doi:10.1007/s004390000406. PMID 11153912.
^ ^a ^b Wells RS, Yuldasheva N, Ruzibakiev R; et al. (2001). "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (18): 10244–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.171305098. PMC 56946. PMID 11526236. Table 1: Y-chromosome haplotype frequencies in 49 Eurasian populations, listed according to geographic region {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); External link in |quote= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ I. Nonaka, K. Minaguchi, and N. Takezaki, "Y-chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y-STR Polymorphisms," Annals of Human Genetics Volume 71 Issue 4, Pages 480 - 495 (July 2007).
^ Gayden T, Cadenas AM, Regueiro M; et al. (2007). "The Himalayas as a Directional Barrier to Gene Flow". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80 (5): 884–94. doi:10.1086/516757. PMC 1852741. PMID 17436243. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Sanghamitra Sengupta, Lev A. Zhivotovsky, Roy King, S.Q. Mehdi, Christopher A. Edmonds, Cheryl-Emiliane T. Chow, Alice A. Lin, Mitashree Mitra, Samir K. Sil, A. Ramesh, M.V. Usha Rani, Chitra M. Thakur, L. Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Partha P. Majumder, and Peter A. Underhill, "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists," The American Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 78, Issue 2, 202-221, 1 February 2006.

External links

The Y-DNA Haplogroup Q Project

[vanOven2014-7] Van Oven M, Van Geystelen A, Kayser M, Decorte R, Larmuseau HD (2014). "Seeing the wood for the trees: a minimal reference phylogeny for the human Y chromosome". Human Mutation. 35 (2): 187–91. doi:10.1002/humu.22468. PMID 24166809. S2CID 23291764.

[ISOGG2015-8] International Society of Genetic Genealogy (ISOGG; 2015), Y-DNA Haplogroup Tree 2015. (Access date: 1 February 2015.)

[A0-T-9] Haplogroup A0-T is also known as A-L1085 (and previously as A0'1'2'3'4).

[A1-10] Haplogroup A1 is also known as A1'2'3'4.

[LT-11] Haplogroup LT (L298/P326) is also known as Haplogroup K1.

[K2-12] Between 2002 and 2008, Haplogroup T-M184 was known as "Haplogroup K2". That name has since been re-assigned to K-M526, the sibling of Haplogroup LT.

[K2b-13] Haplogroup K2b (M1221/P331/PF5911) is also known as Haplogroup MPS.

[K-M2313-14] K-M2313*, which as yet has no phylogenetic name, has been documented in two living individuals, who have ethnic ties to India and South East Asia. In addition, K-Y28299, which appears to be a primary branch of K-M2313, has been found in three living individuals from India. See: Poznik op. cit.; YFull YTree v5.08, 2017, "K-M2335", and; PhyloTree, 2017, "Details of the Y-SNP markers included in the minimal Y tree" (Access date of these pages: 9 December 2017)

[K2b1-15] Haplogroup K2b1 (P397/P399) is also known as Haplogroup MS, but has a broader and more complex internal structure.

[P-16] Haplogroup P (P295) is also klnown as K2b2.

[S-17] Haplogroup S, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1a. (Previously the name Haplogroup S was assigned to K2b1a4.)

[M-18] Haplogroup M, as of 2017, is also known as K2b1b. (Previously the name Haplogroup M was assigned to K2b1d.)

[BoWen2004-1] Wen B, Li H, Lu D; et al. (2004). "Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture". Nature. 431 (7006): 302–5. doi:10.1038/nature02878. PMID 15372031. Supplementary Table 2: NRY haplogroup distribution in Han populations {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); External link in |quote= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Su2000-2] Su, Bing; Xiao, Chunjie; Deka, Ranjan; Seielstad, Mark T.; Kangwanpong, Daoroong; Xiao, Junhua; Lu, Daru; Underhill, Peter; Cavalli-Sforza, Luca (2000). "Y chromosome haplotypes reveal prehistorical migrations to the Himalayas". Human Genetics. 107 (6): 582–90. doi:10.1007/s004390000406. PMID 11153912.

[Wells2001-3] Wells RS, Yuldasheva N, Ruzibakiev R; et al. (2001). "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 98 (18): 10244–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.171305098. PMC 56946. PMID 11526236. Table 1: Y-chromosome haplotype frequencies in 49 Eurasian populations, listed according to geographic region {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); External link in |quote= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Nonaka2007-4] I. Nonaka, K. Minaguchi, and N. Takezaki, "Y-chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y-STR Polymorphisms," Annals of Human Genetics Volume 71 Issue 4, Pages 480 - 495 (July 2007).

[Gayden2007-5] Gayden T, Cadenas AM, Regueiro M; et al. (2007). "The Himalayas as a Directional Barrier to Gene Flow". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 80 (5): 884–94. doi:10.1086/516757. PMC 1852741. PMID 17436243. {{cite journal}}: Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help); Unknown parameter |month= ignored (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[Sengupta2006-6] Sanghamitra Sengupta, Lev A. Zhivotovsky, Roy King, S.Q. Mehdi, Christopher A. Edmonds, Cheryl-Emiliane T. Chow, Alice A. Lin, Mitashree Mitra, Samir K. Sil, A. Ramesh, M.V. Usha Rani, Chitra M. Thakur, L. Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Partha P. Majumder, and Peter A. Underhill, "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists," The American Journal of Human Genetics, Volume 78, Issue 2, 202-221, 1 February 2006.

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 ===Asia===
-Q-M120 is present in Eastern Asia. It may trace its origin to [[East Asia]]. The frequency of Q in northern China is about 4%, with many Chinese samples of haplogroup Q belonging to the subclade Q-M120.<ref name=BoWen2004/><ref name="BingSuHimalaya"/> It has been found at low frequency among [[Han Chinese]],<ref name="BoWen2004">{{cite journal |author=Wen B, Li H, Lu D, ''et al'' |title=Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture |journal=Nature |volume=431 |issue=7006 |pages=302–5 |year=2004 |month=September |pmid=15372031 |doi=10.1038/nature02878 |url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7006/abs/nature02878.html |quote=[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7006/extref/nature02878-s2.doc Supplementary Table 2: NRY haplogroup distribution in Han populations]}}</ref><ref name = "BingSuHimalaya" /> [[Dungan people|Dungan]]s,<ref name = "Wells2001" /> [[Japanese people|Japanese]],<ref name = "Nonaka2007">I. Nonaka, K. Minaguchi, and N. Takezaki, "Y-chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y-STR Polymorphisms," ''Annals of Human Genetics'' Volume 71 Issue 4, Pages 480 - 495 (July 2007).</ref> [[Koreans]],<ref name = "Wells2001">{{cite journal |author=Wells RS, Yuldasheva N, Ruzibakiev R, ''et al'' |title=The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=98 |issue=18 |pages=10244–9 |year=2001 |month=August |pmid=11526236 |pmc=56946 |doi=10.1073/pnas.171305098 |quote=[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=56946&rendertype=table&id=T1 Table 1: Y-chromosome haplotype frequencies in 49 Eurasian populations, listed according to geographic region]}}</ref> and [[Tibetans]].<ref name="Gayden2007">{{cite journal |author=Gayden T, Cadenas AM, Regueiro M, ''et al'' |title=The Himalayas as a Directional Barrier to Gene Flow |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=80 |issue=5 |pages=884–94 |year=2007 |month=May |pmid=17436243 |pmc=1852741 |doi=10.1086/516757 }}</ref><ref name = "BingSuHimalaya" /> Although it was reported in the  [[Hazara people|Hazaras]],<ref name = "Sengupta2006">Sanghamitra Sengupta, Lev A. Zhivotovsky, Roy King, S.Q. Mehdi, Christopher A. Edmonds, Cheryl-Emiliane T. Chow, Alice A. Lin, Mitashree Mitra, Samir K. Sil, A. Ramesh, M.V. Usha Rani, Chitra M. Thakur, L. Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Partha P. Majumder, and Peter A. Underhill, "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists," ''The American Journal of Human Genetics'', Volume 78, Issue 2, 202-221, 1 February 2006.</ref> it was subsequently shown to be a lab error as demonstrated by the phylogenetic tree changes in Karafet 2008.
+Q-M120 is present in Eastern Asia. It may trace its origin to [[East Asia]]. The frequency of Q in northern China is about 4%, with many Chinese samples of haplogroup Q belonging to the subclade Q-M120.<ref name=BoWen2004/><ref name=Su2000>{{cite journal |doi=10.1007/s004390000406 |title=Y chromosome haplotypes reveal prehistorical migrations to the Himalayas |year=2000 |last1=Su |first1=Bing |last2=Xiao |first2=Chunjie |last3=Deka |first3=Ranjan |last4=Seielstad |first4=Mark T. |last5=Kangwanpong |first5=Daoroong |last6=Xiao |first6=Junhua |last7=Lu |first7=Daru |last8=Underhill |first8=Peter |last9=Cavalli-Sforza |first9=Luca |journal=Human Genetics |volume=107 |issue=6 |pages=582–90 |pmid=11153912}}</ref> It has been found at low frequency among [[Han Chinese]],<ref name="BoWen2004">{{cite journal |author=Wen B, Li H, Lu D, ''et al'' |title=Genetic evidence supports demic diffusion of Han culture |journal=Nature |volume=431 |issue=7006 |pages=302–5 |year=2004 |month=September |pmid=15372031 |doi=10.1038/nature02878 |url=http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7006/abs/nature02878.html |quote=[http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v431/n7006/extref/nature02878-s2.doc Supplementary Table 2: NRY haplogroup distribution in Han populations]}}</ref><ref name=Su2000 /> [[Dungan people|Dungan]]s,<ref name=Wells2001 /> [[Japanese people|Japanese]],<ref name=Nonaka2007>I. Nonaka, K. Minaguchi, and N. Takezaki, "Y-chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y-STR Polymorphisms," ''Annals of Human Genetics'' Volume 71 Issue 4, Pages 480 - 495 (July 2007).</ref> [[Koreans]],<ref name=Wells2001>{{cite journal |author=Wells RS, Yuldasheva N, Ruzibakiev R, ''et al'' |title=The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity |journal=Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. |volume=98 |issue=18 |pages=10244–9 |year=2001 |month=August |pmid=11526236 |pmc=56946 |doi=10.1073/pnas.171305098 |quote=[http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=56946&rendertype=table&id=T1 Table 1: Y-chromosome haplotype frequencies in 49 Eurasian populations, listed according to geographic region]}}</ref> and [[Tibetans]].<ref name="Gayden2007">{{cite journal |author=Gayden T, Cadenas AM, Regueiro M, ''et al'' |title=The Himalayas as a Directional Barrier to Gene Flow |journal=Am. J. Hum. Genet. |volume=80 |issue=5 |pages=884–94 |year=2007 |month=May |pmid=17436243 |pmc=1852741 |doi=10.1086/516757 }}</ref><ref name=Su2000 /> Although it was reported in the  [[Hazara people|Hazaras]],<ref name=Sengupta2006>Sanghamitra Sengupta, Lev A. Zhivotovsky, Roy King, S.Q. Mehdi, Christopher A. Edmonds, Cheryl-Emiliane T. Chow, Alice A. Lin, Mitashree Mitra, Samir K. Sil, A. Ramesh, M.V. Usha Rani, Chitra M. Thakur, L. Luca Cavalli-Sforza, Partha P. Majumder, and Peter A. Underhill, "Polarity and Temporality of High-Resolution Y-Chromosome Distributions in India Identify Both Indigenous and Exogenous Expansions and Reveal Minor Genetic Influence of Central Asian Pastoralists," ''The American Journal of Human Genetics'', Volume 78, Issue 2, 202-221, 1 February 2006.</ref> it was subsequently shown to be a lab error as demonstrated by the phylogenetic tree changes in Karafet 2008.
 ===Europe===