1923 in Germany

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Decades: 1900s • 1910s • 1920s • 1930s • 1940s See also: Other events of 1923 List of years in Germany

Events in the year 1923 in Germany.

Incumbents

National level

President

• Friedrich Ebert (Social Democrats)

Chancellor

• Wilhelm Cuno (Non-partisan) to 12 August, then from 13 August Gustav Stresemann (German People's Party) to 30 November, then Wilhelm Marx (1st term) (Centre)

Events

• 11 January - French and Belgian troops enter the Ruhr in the Occupation of the Ruhr because of Germany’s refusal to pay war reparations, causing strikes and a severe economic crisis
• 15 September - Germany's bank rate is raised to 90% due to hyperinflation. See 1920s German inflation.
• 26 September - Gustav Stresemann calls for an end to passive resistance and protests by Germans against the French and Belgian Occupation of the Ruhr.
• 26 September - The German government declares a state of emergency under Article 48 of the German Weimar Constitution. It will last until February 1924.
• 21 October - A separatist government is formed in the Rhineland Palatinate and is quickly recognized by the French government.
• 9 November - Members of the National Socialist German Workers Party (Nazi), led by Adolf Hitler, fail in a coup attempt to overthrow the Bavarian government in Munich, Germany which is later known as the Munich Putsch or Beer Hall Putsch.
• 15 November - The value of the German Papiermark falls to 4.2×10¹² mark to the United States dollar causing the German government to issue the Rentenmark as a replacement for the Papiermark to alleviate the hyperinflation in the Weimar Republic.
• 23 November - Gustav Stresemann resigns as German Chancellor after a vote of no confidence from members of the government.
• 1 December - Center Party member Wilhelm Marx forms a new coalition government becoming the new German Chancellor.
• 8 December - Germany signs an economic treaty with the United States.
• 8 December - The Reichstag passes an enabling act empowering the government to take all measures it deemed necessary and urgent with regard to the state of emergency.

Popular culture

Arts and literature

• Hermann Oberth publishes Die Rakete zu den Planetenraumen (The Rocket into Interplanetary Space)

Art

Max Beckmann makes a selfportrait. A selfportrait of him holding a cigarette. (It is now found in the Modern Museum of Art in New York)

Births

• 27 May — Henry A. Kissinger, German-born United States presidential advisor
• 10 September — Uri Avnery, German-born Israeli writer and founder of the Gush Shalom peace movement
• 22 November — Hanna Maron, German-born Israeli actress
• 15 December — Uzi Gal, German-born Israeli gun designer, best remembered as the designer and namesake of the Uzi submachine gun (died 2002)
• 25 December — Sonia Olschanezky, German-born French Jewish World War II heroine (executed by German) (died 1944)

Deaths

• 1 February - Ernst Troeltsch, theologian and philosopher (born 1865)
• 10 February - Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, physicist (born 1845)
• 9 November — Theodor von der Pfordten, so-called "Nazi martyr" (born 1873)