Bea Arthur

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Bea Arthur
Arthur as Maude in 1973
Born
Bernice Frankel

(1922-05-13)May 13, 1922
Brooklyn, New York, U.S.
DiedApril 25, 2009(2009-04-25) (aged 86)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Cause of deathCancer
Other namesBeatrice Arthur
Alma materLinden Hall School for Girls
Occupation(s)Actress, comedian, singer
Years active1945–2008
Spouse(s)
​
​
(m. 1947; div. 1950)​

​
​
(m. 1950; div. 1978)​
Children2
Parents
  • Rebecca Pressner
  • Philip Frankel
Military career
Allegiance United States
Service/branch United States Marine Corps
Years of service1943–1945
UnitUnited States Marine Corps Women's Reserve
Battles/warsWorld War II

Beatrice "Bea" Arthur (born Bernice Frankel; May 13, 1922 – April 25, 2009) was an American actress, comedian, singer, and animal rights activist. Her career spanned seven decades.

Arthur achieved fame as the character Maude Findlay on the 1970s sitcoms All in the Family (1971–72) and Maude (1972–78), and as Dorothy Zbornak on the 1980s sitcom The Golden Girls (1985–92), winning Emmy Awards for both roles. A stage actress both before and after her television success, she won the Tony Award for Best Featured Actress in a Musical for her performance as Vera Charles in the original cast of Mame (1966).

Early life

Beatrice Arthur was born Bernice Frankel on May 13, 1922, to Rebecca (née Pressner; 1895 – 1985) and Philip Frankel (1885 – 1973) in Brooklyn, New York.[1][2] Arthur was raised in a Jewish home with sisters Gertrude and Marian.

In 1933, the Frankel family relocated to Cambridge, Maryland, where her parents subsequently operated a women's clothing shop. She attended Linden Hall School for Girls, an all-girls' boarding school in Lititz, Pennsylvania, before enrolling at Blackstone College for Girls in Blackstone, Virginia, where she was active in the school's drama program.[citation needed]

During World War II, she worked as a truck driver and typist in the United States Marine Corps Women's Reserve, receiving an Honorable Discharge in September 1945.[3][4][5]

Career

Theater

1943 United States Marine Corps identification card photo

From 1947, Arthur studied at the Dramatic Workshop of The New School in New York, N.Y. with German director Erwin Piscator. Arthur began her acting career as a member of an off Broadway theater group at the Cherry Lane Theatre in New York City in the mid 1940s. On stage, her roles included Lucy Brown in the 1954 Off-Broadway premiere of Marc Blitzstein's English-language adaptation of Kurt Weill's The Threepenny Opera, Nadine Fesser in the 1957 premiere of Herman Wouk's Nature's Way at the Coronet Theatre, Yente the Matchmaker in the 1964 premiere of Fiddler on the Roof on Broadway, and a 1966 Tony Award-winning portrayal of Vera Charles to Angela Lansbury's Mame. She reprised the role in the unsuccessful 1974 film version opposite Lucille Ball. In 1981, she appeared in Woody Allen's The Floating Light Bulb.[6]

She made her debut at the Metropolitan Opera in 1994 portraying the Duchess of Krakenthorp, a speaking role, in Gaetano Donizetti's La fille du régiment.[7]

Television

In 1971, Arthur was invited by Norman Lear to guest-star on his sitcom All in the Family, as Maude Findlay, the cousin of Edith Bunker. An outspoken liberal feminist, Maude was the antithesis role to the conservative Republican character Archie Bunker, who described her as a "New Deal fanatic". Nearly 50, Arthur's tart turn on All in the Family impressed viewers as well as executives at CBS who, she would later recall, asked "'Who is that girl? Let's give her her own series.'"[8]

That series, previewed in her second All in the Family appearance, would be simply titled "Maude". The show, debuting in 1972, found her living in the affluent community of Tuckahoe, Westchester County, New York, with her fourth husband Walter (Bill Macy) and divorced daughter Carol (Adrienne Barbeau). Her performance in the role garnered Arthur several Emmy and Golden Globe nominations, including her Emmy win in 1977 for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series. Maude would also earn a place for Arthur in the history of the women's liberation movement.[9]

The series addressed serious sociopolitical topics of the era that were considered taboo for a sitcom, including the Vietnam War, the Nixon Administration, Maude's bid for a Congressional seat, divorce, menopause, drug use, alcoholism, nervous breakdown, mental illness, women's lib, gay rights, abortion, and spousal abuse. A prime example is "Maude's Dilemma", a two-part episode airing near Thanksgiving of 1972 in which Maude's character grapples with a late-life pregnancy, ultimately deciding to have an abortion.[10] Even though abortion was legal in New York State since 1970, as well as in California since its state's 1969 on-demand ruling, it was illegal in many other regions of the country and, as such, sparked controversy. As a result, dozens of affiliates refused to broadcast the episode when it was originally scheduled, substituting either a repeat from earlier in the season or a Thanksgiving TV special in its place. However, by the time of the summer rerun season six months later all the flak had died down, and the stations that refused to air the episode upon its first run reinstated it for the reruns the following summer. As a result, a reported 65 million viewers watched the two episode arc either in their first run that November or during the following summer as a rerun.[11]

The episode initially aired two months before the U.S. Supreme Court legalized the procedure nationwide in the Roe v. Wade outcome in January 1973.[12] By 1978, however, Arthur decided to move on from the series. Later the same year (1978), she costarred in Star Wars Holiday Special, in which she had a song and dance routine in the Mos Eisley Cantina. She hosted The Beatrice Arthur Special on CBS on January 19, 1980, which paired the star in a musical comedy revue with Rock Hudson, Melba Moore and Wayland Flowers and Madame.[13]

After appearing in the short-lived 1983 sitcom Amanda's (an adaptation of the British series Fawlty Towers), Arthur was cast in The Golden Girls in 1985, in which she played Dorothy Zbornak, a divorced substitute teacher living in a Miami house owned by widow Blanche Devereaux (Rue McClanahan). Her other roommates included widow Rose Nylund (Betty White) and Dorothy's Sicilian mother, Sophia Petrillo (Estelle Getty). Getty was actually a year younger than Arthur in real life, and was heavily made up to look significantly older. The series was a hit, and remained a top-ten ratings fixture for six of its seven seasons. Her performance led to several Emmy nominations over the course of the series and an Emmy win in 1988. Arthur decided to leave the show after seven years, and in 1992 the show was moved from NBC to CBS and retooled as The Golden Palace in which the other three actresses reprised their roles, with Cheech Marin as their new foil. Arthur made a guest appearance in a two-part episode, but the new series lasted only one season.[14][15]

Film

Bea Arthur as Maude, circa 1973

Arthur sporadically appeared in films, reprising her stage role as Vera Charles in the 1974 film adaption of Mame, opposite Lucille Ball. She portrayed overbearing mother Bea Vecchio in Lovers and Other Strangers (1970), and had a cameo as a Roman unemployment clerk in Mel Brooks' History of the World, Part I (1981). She appeared in the 1995 American movie For Better or Worse as Beverly Makeshift. [citation needed]

Later career

After Arthur left The Golden Girls, she made several guest appearances on television shows and organized and toured in her one-woman show, alternately titled An Evening with Bea Arthur as well as And Then There's Bea. She made a guest appearance on the American cartoon Futurama, in the Emmy-nominated 2001 episode "Amazon Women in the Mood", as the voice of the Femputer who ruled the giant Amazonian women. She appeared in a first-season episode of Malcolm in the Middle as Mrs. White, one of Dewey's babysitters. She was nominated for an Emmy for Outstanding Guest Actress in a Comedy Series for her performance. She also appeared as Larry David's mother on Curb Your Enthusiasm.

In 2002, she returned to Broadway, starring in Bea Arthur on Broadway: Just Between Friends, a collection of stories and songs (with musician Billy Goldenberg) based on her life and career.[16] The show was nominated for a Tony Award for Best Special Theatrical Event.[17]

In addition to appearing in a number of programs looking back at her own work, she performed in stage and television tributes for Jerry Herman, Bob Hope, Ellen DeGeneres and Peggy Lee, in Richard Barone's "There'll Be Another Spring: A Tribute to Miss Peggy Lee" at the Hollywood Bowl in 2004. In 2005, she participated in the Comedy Central roast of Pamela Anderson, where she recited sexually explicit passages from Anderson's book Star Struck in a deadpan fashion.[18]

Influences

In 1999, Arthur told an interviewer of the three influences in her career: "Sid Caesar taught me the outrageous; [method acting guru] Lee Strasberg taught me what I call reality; and [original Threepenny Opera star] Lotte Lenya, whom I adored, taught me economy."[19] Another source of influence to Arthur, was that of famed actress/director Ida Lupino whom Arthur praised as, "My dream was to become a very small blonde movie star like Ida Lupino and those other women I saw up there on the screen during the Depression.[20]"

Personal life

Arthur in 2005

Arthur was married twice. Her first marriage took place during her time in the military, when she married fellow Marine Robert Alan Aurthur,[3] a screenwriter, television, and film producer and director, whose surname she took and kept (though with a modified spelling). Shortly after they divorced in 1950, she married director Gene Saks with whom she adopted two sons, Matthew (born in 1961), an actor, and Daniel (born in 1964), a set designer; they remained married until 1978.[21]

In 1972, she moved to Los Angeles and sublet her apartment on Central Park West in New York City and her country home in Bedford, New York.[22] In a 2003 interview, in London promoting her one-woman show, she described the British capital as her "favourite city in the world".[23]

Arthur was a committed animal rights activist and frequently supported People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals campaigns. Arthur joined PETA in 1987 after a Golden Girls anti-fur episode. Arthur wrote letters, made personal appearances and placed ads against the use of furs, foie gras, and farm animal cruelty by KFC suppliers. In Norfolk, Virginia, near the site of the PETA headquarters, there is a dog park named the Bea Arthur Dog Park in her honor.[24]

Arthur was a longtime champion of equal rights for women and an active advocate of the elderly, and Jewish communities, in both her major television roles and through her charity work and personal outspokenness.[25]

Regarding politics, Arthur herself was a liberal Democrat who confirmed her views by saying, "I've been a Democrat my whole life. That's what makes Maude and Dorothy so believable, we have the same viewpoints on how our country should be handled."[26]

Death and legacy

A private and introverted woman, according to her friends,[27] Arthur died of cancer at her home in the Brentwood area of Los Angeles on April 25, 2009. She was 86 years old.[28] She was survived by her two sons and two granddaughters.[19][29][30] Her body was cremated and the ashes were spread throughout Miami.[citation needed]

On April 28, 2009, the Broadway community paid tribute to Arthur by dimming the marquees of New York City's Broadway theater district in her memory for one minute at 8:00 pm.[31]

Arthur's co-stars from The Golden Girls, Rue McClanahan and Betty White, commented on her death via telephone on an April 27 episode of Larry King Live. On the Today Show by phone, McClanahan said she and Arthur got along together "like cream." White said, "I knew it would hurt, I just didn't know it would hurt this much."[32][33]

Longtime friends Adrienne Barbeau (with whom she had worked on Maude) and Angela Lansbury (with whom she had worked in Mame) reflected on her death. Barbeau said, "We've lost a unique, incredible talent. No one could deliver a line or hold a take like Bea and no one was more generous or giving to her fellow performers".[34] Lansbury said, "She became and has remained my bosom buddy [...] I am deeply saddened by her passing, but also relieved that she is released from the pain".[35]

Arthur bequeathed $300,000 to the Ali Forney Center, a New York City organization that provides housing for homeless LGBT youths.[36][37] The center was heavily damaged in October 2012 by Hurricane Sandy,[38][39] but has since been restored and re-opened.[40] The Bea Arthur Residence is an 18-bed residence in Manhattan for homeless LGBT youth operated by the Ali Forney Center.[41]

Awards

Arthur (left) at the 1989 Emmy Awards with close friend Angela Lansbury (right)

Arthur won the American Theatre Wing's Tony Award in 1966 as Best Featured Actress in a Musical for her performance that year as Vera Charles in the original Broadway production of Jerry Herman's musical Mame.[citation needed]

Arthur received the second most nominations for the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series with nine (9). Only Mary Tyler Moore, with ten (10) nominations, has more. She received the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences' Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series twice, once in 1977 for Maude and again in 1988 for The Golden Girls.[42] She was inducted into the Academy's Television Hall of Fame in 2008.[43]

On June 8, 2008, The Golden Girls was awarded the Pop Culture award at the Sixth Annual TV Land Awards. Arthur (in one of her final public appearances) accepted the award with McClanahan and White.[44]

Filmography

Film

Year Title Role Notes
1959 That Kind of Woman WAC Uncredited
1970 Lovers and Other Strangers Bea Vecchio
1974 Mame Vera Charles
1981 History of the World, Part I Dole office clerk Uncredited
1995 For Better or Worse Beverly Makeshift
2000 Enemies of Laughter Paul's Mother

Television

Year Film Role Notes
1951–1958 Kraft Television Theatre
1951 Once Upon a Tune
1951–1953, 1955–1958 Studio One in Hollywood
1955 Max Liebman Presents: Kaleidoscope
1954–1956 Caesar's Hour Regular performer
1957 Washington Square 2 episodes
The Steve Allen Show
1958 The Seven Lively Arts
Tonight Starring Jack Parr
Omnibus
The Gift of the Magi
1959 The George Gobel Show
1960 The Best of Anything Television film
1961 The Perry Como Show
1962 The Garry Moore Show
1963 The Sid Caesar Show
1971–1972 All in the Family Maude Findlay 2 episodes
1972–1978 Maude 141 episodes
1973 The 45th Annual Academy Awards
1974 The 28th Annual Tony Awards
1974–1980 The Mike Douglas Show 6 episodes
1974–1985 The Merv Griffin Show 3 episodes
1974–1990 The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson 8 episodes
1975–1980 Dinah! 5 episodes
1976–1979 Saturday Night Live 2 episodes
1976 Cos Herself
1977 The 31st Annual Tony Awards
The 29th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
Laugh-In
1978 CBS: On the Air
The 30th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
Star Wars Holiday Special Ackmena Television film
1979 The Mary Tyler Moore Hour Herself Episode #1.2
1980 The Beatrice Arthur Special Herself (Host / Performer) Television special
30 Years of TV Comedy's Greatest Hits: To Laughter with Love
Soap Angel Episode: "Jessica's Wonderful Life"
Bob Hope Special: Bob Hope-Hope, Women and Song
1981 Omnibus
The 35th Annual Tony Awards
The 33rd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
1982 Bob Hope's Women I Love-Beautiful but Funny
Nights of 100 Stars
Broadway Plays Washington on Kennedy Center Tonight
1983 Amanda's Amanda Cartwright 13 episodes
The 9th Annual People's Choice Awards
1984 The Dean Martin Celebrity Roast: Joan Collins
The 1st Academy TV Hall of Fame
a.k.a. Pablo Press Agent Episode: "My Son, the Gringo"
P.O.P. Rosalyn Gordon Television film
1985–1992 The Golden Girls Dorothy Zbornak 177 episodes
1985 The NBC All Star Hour
The 37th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
The 10th Circus of the Stars
The 40th Annual Tony Awards
1985–2008 Entertainment Tonight Herself 7 episodes
1986 All Star Party for Clint Eastwood
The 38th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
NBC 60th Anniversary Celebration
The 43rd Annual Golden Globe Awards
Walt Disney World's 15th Birthday Celebration
Late Night with David Letterman
The 46th Annual Golden Apple Awards
The Kennedy Center Honors: A Celebration of the Performing Arts
1987 The 39th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
All Star Party for Joan Collins
Comic Relief '87
All Star Gala at Ford's Theater Host
The 1st Annual American Comedy Awards
The 44th Annual Golden Globe Awards
The 13th Annual People's Choice Awards
This is Your Life
Happy 100th Birthday Hollywood
Sally Jessy Raphael Show
The 41st Annual Tony Awards
Family Comedy Hour
1988 The 9th Annual American Black Achievement Awards
The 45th Annual Golden Globe Awards
In Performance at the White House; A Salute to Broadway: Showstoppers
Irving Berlin's 100th Birthday Celebration
The 40th Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
Mickey's 60th Birthday Herself
The 13th Circus of the Stars
My First Love Jean Miller Television movie
1989 The 46th Annual Golden Globe Awards
Empty Nest Dorothy Zbornak Episode: "Dumped"
The 3rd Annual American Comedy Awards
Bob Hope's Birthday Spectacular in Paris
The Society of Singers Presents a Tribute to Ella Fitzgerald
The 41st Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
Later with Bob Costas
The Arsenio Hall Show
The 49th Annual Golden Apple Awards
Live with Regis and Kathie Lee
1990 The TV Academy Tribute to Angela Lansbury
The 21st BAFTA Awards
The 4th Annual American Comedy Awards
The Earth Day Special
Aspel & Company
Night of 100 Stars III
The 42nd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
Des O'Connor Tonight
A Conversation with Dinah
Live from the London Palladium: Happy Birthday, Happy New Year!
1991 The 17th Annual People Choice Awards
The 48th Annual Golden Globe Awards
The 5th Annual American Comedy Awards
The 43rd Annual Primetime Emmy Awards
Funny Women of Television
Dame Edna's Hollywood
1992 Evening at Pops
The Howard Stern Show
Guest Night
The 6th Annual American Comedy Awards
The Golden Palace Dorothy Hollingsworth Episodes: "Seems Like Old Times" (Parts 1 & 2)
Verstehen Sie Spaß?
The 1992 Pacific Center HIV-AIDS Benefit
1993 The 7th Annual American Comedy Awards
Out There
This Joint is Jumpin'
The 47th Annual Tony Awards
Boulevard Bio
Sean's Show
1994 Jerry Herman's Broadway at the Hollywood Bowl Herself (Performer) Television special
The 8th Annual American Comedy Awards
Bob Hope's Birthday Memories
She TV
1995 The 9th Annual Genesis Awards
50 Years of Funny Females
This Morning [citation needed]
1996 The 10th American Comedy Awards
The 50th Annual Tony Awards
1997 Dave's World Mel Bloom 3 episodes
The Rosie O'Donnell Show
1998 The RuPaul Show
Ellen Herself Episode: "Ellen: A Hollywood Tribute: Part 1"
CBS: The First 50 Years
NY TV: By the People Who Made It-Part I & II
1999 The 53rd Annual Tony Awards
Beggars and Choosers Herself 5 episodes
Emily of New Moon The Voice Episode: "A Fall from Grace"
The Martin Short Show
2000 So Graham Norton
Malcolm in the Middle Mrs. White Episode: "Water Park"
Intimate Portrait: Rue McClanahan
E! True Hollywood Story: The Golden Girls
E! True Hollywood Story: Good Times
E! True Hollywood Story: All in the Family
The 70s: The Decade That Changed Television
2001 Intimate Portrait: Estelle Getty
Futurama Femputer Episode: "Amazon Women in the Mood"
Today
2002–2007 The View Herself / Guest 2 episodes
2002 CBS News Sunday Morning
The Rosie O'Donnell Show
Good Morning America
The Daily Show
The Big O! True West Hollywood Story
TV Most Censored Moments
TV Tales: The Golden Girls
Open Mike with Mike Bullard
Because I Said So
Inside TV Land: Taboo TV
2003 Great Women on Television Comedy
Intimate Portrait: Bea Arthur
TV Land Awards: A Celebration of Classic TV
Rove Live
Broadway: The Golden Age by the Legends Who Were There
Through the Keyhole
The Golden Girls: Their Greatest Moments Herself (Host) Television special
Today with Des and Mel
Richard & Judy
The Terry and Gaby Show
2004 The 2nd Annual TV Land Awards: A Celebration of Classic TV
Great Performances
The Best of So Graham Norton
Inside TV Land: Primetime Politics
TV's Greatest Sidekicks
2005 Inside TV Land: Tickled Pink
Comedy Central Roast of Pamela Anderson
TV Land Confidential
Curb Your Enthusiasm Larry's mother Episode: "The End"
2006 Biography: Bea Arthur
The 100 Greatest TV Quotes & Catchphrases Herself 5 episodes
2007 TV Land Confidential Herself / Interviewee Documentary (4 episodes)
Back to the Grind Herself Bea Arthur and Ed Begley Jr.
Entertainment Weekly & TV Land Present: The 50 Greatest TV Icons
2008 The 6th Annual TV Land Awards Herself Winner
Inside Edition Documentary
2014 Broadway: Beyond The Golden Age

Theater performances

Year Title Role Notes
1947 Lysistrata
1947 Gas
1947 The Dog Beneath the Skin
1947 Yerma
1948 No Exit
1948 The Taming of the Shrew Katherina
1948 Six Characters in Search of an Author
1948 The Owl and the Pussycat
1949 Le Bourgeois Gentilhomme
1949 Yes is for a Very Young Man
1949 The Creditors
1949 Heartbreak House
1951 Gentlemen Prefer Blondes
1951 Personal Appearance
1951 Candle Light
1951 Love or Money
1951 The Voice of the Turtle
1951 Gentlemen Prefer Blondes
1953 The New Moon
1954–55 The Threepenny Opera Lucy Brown
1955 What's the Rush?
1955 Shoestring Revue
1955 Plain and Fancy
1955 Seventh Heaven
1956 Mistress of the Inn
1956 Ziegfeld Follies
1956 Shoestring '57
1957 Hamlet
1957 Nature's Way
1958 Ulysses in Nighttown
1959 Chic
1960 The Gay Divorcee at the Cherry Lane
1962 A Matter of Position
1964 Fiddler on the Roof Yenta the Matchmaker
1966 Mame Vera Charles Won Tony Award-Featured Actress in a Musical
1968 A Mother's Kisses Closed on the road
1981 The Floating Lightbulb
1981 Hey, Look Me Over!
1994 Easter Bonnet Competition: A Salute to 100 Years of Broadway
1994 La Fille du Regiment
1995–96 Bermuda Avenue Triangle
November 17, 1996 Angela Lansbury – A Celebration Benefit concert
1997–98 After Play
1998 Jubilee
1999 Thoroughly Modern Millie
2000 Strike Up the Band
2000 The Threepenny Opera Reunion Concert
2000–2006 An Evening with Bea Arthur Westport, Connecticut (July 28–30, 2000)

Santa Fe, New Mexico (September 24, 2002)
Los Angeles, California (January 31 – February 1, 2004)
Saugatuck, Michigan (May 22–23, 2004)
Provincetown, Massachusetts (August 21, 2004)
Columbus, Georgia (October 30, 2004)
Nyack, New York (March 4–6, 2005)
Fort Wayne, Indiana (April 17, 2005)
Mount Pleasant, Michigan (April 19, 2005)
Atlantic City, New Jersey (June 3–4, 2005)
Holmdel, New Jersey (June 7, 2005)
Las Vegas, Nevada (August 27, 2005)
Hampton, Virginia (September 16–17, 2005)
Alexandria, Virginia (September 22, 2005)
Geneva, New York (September 24, 2005)
San Francisco, California (January 7, 2006)
Salem, Oregon (January 21, 2006)
Scottsdale, Arizona (February 24–25, 2006)
University Park, Illinois (March 19, 2006)

2001–2003 And Then There's Bea United States Tour (April 24, 2001 – January 13, 2002)

Melbourne, Australia (October 15–27, 2002)
Sydney, Australia (October 29 – November 10, 2002)
Johannesburg, South Africa (August 12–24, 2003)
Cape Town, South Africa (August 26 – September 7, 2003)

2002 Bea Arthur on Broadway: Just Between Friends New York, New York (January 29, 2002 – April 14, 2002)

Toronto, Canada (November 20 – December 8, 2002)

2003 Bea Arthur at The Savoy in London, England (September 15 – October 18, 2003)
2004 A Celebration of Life in Washington, D.C. (May 26, 2004)
2004 There'll Be Another Spring: A Tribute to Miss Peggy Lee at the Hollywood Bowl, Hollywood, California (July 14, 2004)
2004 Bea Arthur at the El Portal in North Hollywood, California (August 5–8, 2004)
2005 Bea Arthur Back on Broadway (at 95th Street) in New York, New York (November 21, 2005)
2006 Bea Arthur Back at the El Portal in North Hollywood, California (February 16–19, 2006)

References

  1. ^ Service, Haaretz (April 26, 2009). "'Golden Girls' star Bea Arthur dies aged 86". Haaretz.com. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
  2. ^ "Certificate and Record of Birth #21106" (.JPG). City of New York, Department of Health. May 13, 1922. Retrieved July 12, 2008. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  3. ^ a b Her Marine Corps records are available for perusal at the National Archives and Records Administration website
  4. ^ Beatrice Arthur interview (March 15, 2001) with Karen Herman, part 1 of 5. Archive of American Television website; accessed June 11, 2014.
  5. ^ "Hoo-rah! Bea Arthur was a truck-driving Marine". Today. December 12, 2010. Retrieved July 23, 2015.
  6. ^ "Bea Arthur". Playbill.com. Playbill, Inc. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  7. ^ "Obituaries: Actors Dom DeLuise and Beatrice Arthur; mezzo Margreta Elkins; soprano Anne Brown, Gershwin's original Bess; composer Lukas Foss dies at eighty-six". Opera News. Vol. 74, no. 1. July 2009. Retrieved December 28, 2010. (subscription required)
  8. ^ "Golden Girls Star Be Arthur Dies at 86". NPR. April 25, 2009. Archived from the original on April 27, 2009. Retrieved April 27, 2009. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  9. ^ "Feminist Timeline: United States". Feminist Timeline: United States. Brooklyn Museum. Retrieved April 27, 2009. The television show Maude, a spin-off of All in the Family, premiers, starring Beatrice Arthur as Maude Findlay, a leftist feminist who supports abortion and civil rights.
  10. ^ Maude's Dilemma. IMDB. September 2017. http://m.imdb.com/title/tt0793153/
  11. ^ "Susan Harris". Archived from the original on October 21, 2007. Retrieved April 27, 2009. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  12. ^ Whitcomb, Dan (April 26, 2009). ""Golden Girls" star Bea Arthur dies at 86". Reuters. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  13. ^ Hall, Phil (March 26, 2004). "The Bootleg Files: "the Beatrice Arthur Special"". Film Threat. Archived from the original on January 27, 2011. Retrieved November 15, 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Hayward, Anthony (April 28, 2009). "Bea Arthur: Actress who found fame as the acid-tongued Dorothy in 'The Golden Girls' sitcom". The Independent. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
  15. ^ Ferguson, Lee (April 27, 2009). "And then there's Bea: Remembering Bea Arthur". CBC News. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
  16. ^ Brantley, Ben (February 18, 2002). "THEATER REVIEW; Bea Arthur's Ceremony Lacking All Innocence". The New York Times. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
  17. ^ Jones, Kenneth (September 9, 2002). "Bea Arthur Will Play Just Between Friends in Toronto Beginning Nov. 20". Playbill.com. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved June 13, 2014. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  18. ^ Leo, Alex (May 28, 2009). "Bea Arthur Roasts Pamela Anderson (NSFW VIDEO)". The Huffington Post. Retrieved June 13, 2014.
  19. ^ a b Weber, Bruce (April 25, 2009). "Bea Arthur, Star of Two TV Comedies, Dies at 86". The New York Times. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  20. ^ "My dream was to become a very small blonde movie star like Ida Lupino and those other women I saw up there on the screen during the Depression. Bea Arthur". Quotemaster.org. Retrieved August 10, 2017.
  21. ^ Hall, Jane (January 6, 1986). "Sex and the Senior Girls: NBC's Golden Girls Are the Toast of TV with Their Mid-Life Miami Spice". People. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  22. ^ Moritz, Charles (editor) (1973) "Arthur, Beatrice", Current Biography Yearbook, 1973 H. W. Wilson, New York, pp. 17–20, page 20; ISBN 0-8242-0543-X
  23. ^ "Bea Arthur". Woman's Hour. BBC. August 8, 2003. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  24. ^ "PETA's Dog-Park Webcam". Features.peta.org. July 1, 2014. Retrieved August 29, 2016.
  25. ^ Portwood, Jerry (April 27, 2009). "My Last Chat With Bea Arthur: Sometimes she felt like Judy Garland". New York Press. Archived from the original on June 27, 2009. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  26. ^ Interview, TV Legends, August 6, 2005.
  27. ^ "Betty White, Rue McClanahan Recall 'Shy' Bea Arthur". People.com. April 27, 2009. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
  28. ^ Korn, Steven (April 25, 2009). "Beatrice Arthur, 'Golden Girls' star, dies at 86". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved July 20, 2015.
  29. ^ Lynn Elber (April 25, 2009). "Golden Girls, Maude star Bea Arthur dies at 86". The Houston Chronicle. Retrieved December 28, 2010.
  30. ^ "Two-time Emmy Award winner Bea Arthur dead at 86". CNN. April 27, 2009. Archived from the original on May 29, 2010. Retrieved April 26, 2010. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  31. ^ "Broadway Plans Tribute to Bea Arthur". Entertainment Tonight. April 28, 2009. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  32. ^ Slezak, Michael (April 26, 2009). "Rue McClanahan remembers Bea Arthur". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  33. ^ Kaufman, Gil (April 27, 2009). "Bea Arthur Remembered By 'Golden Girls' Co-Stars". MTV News. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  34. ^ Eng, Joyce (April 27, 2009). "Friends and Colleagues Remember Beatrice Arthur". TV Guide. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  35. ^ "Angela Lansbury 'Deeply Saddened' by Bea Arthur's Passing". Entertainment Tonight. April 25, 2009. Archived from the original on November 10, 2013. Retrieved November 15, 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  36. ^ Garcia, Michelle (October 27, 2009). "Bea Leaves $300K to Homeless Youths". The Advocate. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  37. ^ The Ali Forney Center – The Bea Arthur Residence for LGBT Youth Archived October 26, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  38. ^ "Ali Forney Center For LGBT Youth Drop-In Center Destroyed By Hurricane Sandy". PrideSource. November 8, 2012. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  39. ^ Pearce, Matt (November 5, 2012). "Twitter in the time of Sandy: A few lies, and then redemption". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 15, 2013.
  40. ^ "About Us – Ali Forney". Aliforneycenter.org. Retrieved July 20, 2015.
  41. ^ "Bea Arthur Residence for LGBT Homeless Youth Breaks Ground in Manhattan". Broadwayworld.com. Retrieved July 20, 2015.
  42. ^ "Academy of Television Arts and Sciences Emmy Awards Database". Emmys.tv. Retrieved December 4, 2013.
  43. ^ "Television Academy Hall of Fame Reveals Six Honorees for 2008" (Press release). The Academy of Television Arts & Sciences. April 17, 2008. Retrieved July 12, 2008.
  44. ^ Julie Keller (June 8, 2008). "TV Land Awards Party Like It's 1979". E! Online. Retrieved July 12, 2008.

External links

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