Egyptian Expeditionary Force

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Marching towards the downtown Jerusalem

The Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) was formed in March 1916 to command the British and British Empire military forces in Egypt during World War I. Originally known as the 'Force in Egypt' it had been commanded by General Maxwell who was recalled to England. A month earlier General Archibald Murray had arrived in Egypt to take command of the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force; the force which had retired from Gallipoli at the end of 1915.

The Force in Egypt and the Mediterranean Expeditionary Force were merged and renamed the Egyptian Expeditionary Force (EEF) with General Murray in command. This new force's duties were to guard the British Protectorate of Egypt and provide reinforcements for the Western Front.[1][2][3]

Contents

[edit] Force in Egypt

End of 1914 (General Maxwell)

Defence of the Suez Canal (30,000 troops)
10th Indian Division (Major General A. Wilson)
11th Indian Division
Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade
Bikanir Camel Corps
Indian Mountain Artillery
Egyptian Army Artillery

(British and French warships in the Canal served as floating batteries) Reconnaissance Aircraft.[4]

January 1915 (total force 70,000)

10th Indian Division
11th Indian Division
Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade
Bikanir Camel Corps
Indian Mountain Artillery (3 batteries)
Egyptian Army Artillery (1 battery)
Royal Flying Corps detachment
French Naval Seaplanes

In training

Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC)
42nd (East Lancashire) Division [5][6]

April 1915 Mediterranean Expeditionary Force go to Gallipoli

ANZAC Corps
42nd (East Lancashire) Division
one Indian brigade

(incomplete)

to Basra

one Indian brigade

to Aden (Yemen threaten attack)

Aden Brigade [7][8]

November 1915 Western Frontier Force (Major General A. Wallace)

Composite mounted brigade
Three composite regiments of Yeomanry
One composite regiment Australian Light Horse
1st Nottinghamshire Battery Royal Horse Artillery
Composite infantry brigade
Three Territorial battalions.
One battalion Indian Infantry (15th Sikhs).

Some South African troops and a New Zealand battalion added after November 1915.[9]

December 1915 Mediterranean Expeditionary Force returns from Gallipoli.[citation needed]

[edit] Egyptian Expeditionary Force Order of Battle March 1916

Canal Defences (General Murray)

No.1 Section, Headquarters Suez – IX Corps (January to March)

No.2 Section, Headquarters Ismailia – I Anzac Corps (January to March)

Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade
Jodhpur Lancers
Mysore Lancers
Hyderabad Lancers
11th Light Horse Regiment
12th Light Horse Regiment

(incomplete)

No.3 Section, Headquarters Port Said – (Major General H.A. Lawrence)

42nd (East Lancashire) Division
125th (Lancashire Fusiliers) Brigade
126th (East Lancashire) Brigade
127th (Manchester) Brigade
52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General W.E.B. Smith)
155th (South Scottish) Brigade
156th (Scottish Rifles) Brigade
157th (Highland Light Infantry) Brigade[Note 1]
Australian and New Zealand Mounted Division (Anzac Mounted Division) (Major General Sir H.G. Chauvel)
1st Australian Light Horse Brigade
1st Light Horse Regiment
2nd Light Horse Regiment
3rd Light Horse Regiment
Leicester Battery Royal Horse Artillery[10][11][12][13][14][15]
2nd Australian Light Horse Brigade
5th Light Horse Regiment
6th Light Horse Regiment
7th Light Horse Regiment
Ayrshire Battery Royal Horse Artillery[10][11][12][13][14][15]
3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade
8th Light Horse Regiment
9th Light Horse Regiment
10th Light Horse Regiment
Inverness Battery Royal Horse Artillery[10][11][12][13][14][15]
New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (Brigadier General E. W. C. Chaytor)
Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel C. E. R. Mackesy
Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel J. Findlay)
Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel W. Meldrum)
Somerset Battery Royal Horse Artillery[10][11][12][13][14][15]
5th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade (Brigadier General E.A. Wiggin)
Royal Gloucestershire Hussars
Warwickshire Yeomanry
Worcestershire Yeomanry
Imperial Camel Corps Brigade (Brigadier General C.L. Smith VC)
1st (Australian) Battalion
2nd (British) Battalion
3rd (Australian) Battalion
4th (ANZAC) Battalion[16][10][11][12][13][14][17]
No. 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps (Lieutenant Colonel E. H. Reynold)
A Flight (Captain W. Sheldon – 4 machines)
B Flight (Lieutenant Manwell – 4 machines)
C Flight (Captain Williams – 4 machines)

Until almost the end of 1917, No. l Squadron, A.F.C., and No. 14 Squadron, R.F.C., were the sole flying units east of the Suez Canal.[10][11][12][13][14][18][19][20][21][22][23]

[edit] Western Frontier Force Order of Battle (October 1916, February 1917)

Western Desert Force (Major General William Watson)

Egyptian Army troops Darfur
Sollum Recapture (Major General W. E. Peyton)
Siwa Raid (General H. W. Hodgson)
1st Light Horse Brigade
Imperial Camel Corps
Bikanir Camel Corps
Armoured Car Brigade (11 Rolls–Royces)
6 Light Car Patrols (Model T Fords armed with Lewis guns) [24][25][26]

[edit] Order of Battle 4–5 August Battle of Romani

Canal Defences No. 3 Section Headquarters Kantara (included Romani) (Major General H.A. Lawrence)

Force Defending Romani on 4 August

52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General W.E.B. Smith)
155th (South Scottish) Brigade
156th (Scottish Rifles) Brigade
157th (Highland Light Infantry) Brigade
Anzac Mounted Division (Major General Sir H.G. Chauvel)
1st Australian Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General J. B. H. Meredith)
1st Light Horse Regiment
2nd Light Horse Regiment
3rd Light Horse Regiment
2nd Australian Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General J. R. Royston)
Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel W. Meldrum) detached from New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade
6th Light Horse Regiment
7th Light Horse Regiment
(5th Light Horse Regiment at Duidar)

Force moved to Romani during 4 August and took part in the battle

5th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade (Brigadier General E.A. Wiggin)
Gloucestershire Hussars
Warwickshire Yeomanry
Worcestershire Yeomanry
New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (Brigadier General E. W. C. Chaytor)
Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel C. E. R. Mackesy
Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel J. Findlay)

Force moved to Romani during 4 August and took part in the battle on 5 August

42nd (East Lancashire) Division
125th (Lancashire Fusiliers) Brigade
126th (East Lancashire) Brigade
127th (Manchester) Brigade
3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade
8th Light Horse Regiment
9th Light Horse Regiment
10th Light Horse Regiment [27][28][29]

[edit] Order of Battle 6-12 August Battle of Romani aftermath

[edit] Order of Battle October

Eastern Force Headquarters Kantara (Major General Dobell)

52nd (Lowland) Division
155th (South Scottish) Brigade
156th (Scottish Rifles) Brigade
157th (Highland Light Infantry) Brigade
53rd (Welsh) Division
158th (North Wales) Brigade
159th (Cheshire) Brigade
160th (Welsh Border) Brigade
54th (East Anglian) Division
161st (Essex) Brigade
162nd (East Midland) Brigade
163rd (Norfolk & Suffolk) Brigade
Anzac Mounted Division
4 Territorial Royal Horse Artillery Batteries 2 Scottish and 2 English (The Ayrshire, Inverness, Somersets and Leicester Batteries)
5th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade
Imperial Camel Corps Brigade
2 Light Car Patrols

No. 1 Squadron, Australian Flying Corps[30][31]

[edit] Order of Battle December

Eastern Force Headquarters Kantara (Major General Dobell)

Desert Column Headquarters El Arish (Lieutenant General Sir Philip Chetwode)
53rd (Welsh) Division
158th (North Wales) Brigade
159th (Cheshire) Brigade
160th (Welsh Border) Brigade
Anzac Mounted Division (Major General H. G. Chauvel)
4 Territorial Royal Horse Artillery Batteries 2 Scottish and 2 English (The Ayrshire, Inverness, Somerset and Leicester Batteries)
5th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade
Hong Kong & Singapore Battery
Imperial Camel Corps Brigade [32][33]
Royal Flying Corps 5th Wing stationed at Mustabig (Lieutenant Colonel W G H Salmond)
No. 14 (British) Squadron
(No. 17 Squadron)
No. 1 Squadron Australian Flying Corps / No. 67 (Australian) Squadron [34]

[edit] Order of Battle 23 December Battle of Magdhaba

Anzac Mounted Division (Major General Chauvel)
1st Light Horse Brigade
1st Light Horse Regiment
2nd Light Horse Regiment
3rd Light Horse Regiment
3rd Light Horse Brigade
8th Light Horse Regiment
9th Light Horse Regiment
10th Light Horse Regiment
New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (Brigadier General E. W. C. Chaytor)
Auckland Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel C. E. R. Mackesy
Canterbury Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel J. Findlay)
Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel W. Meldrum)
Imperial Camel Corps Brigade
Hong Kong & Singapore Mountain Battery,
Inverness and Somerset Batteries Royal Horse Artillery
No. 1 Squadron Australian Flying Corps
No. 14 Squadron Royal Flying Corps [35][34][36]

[edit] Egyptian Expeditionary Force Order of Battle 1917

[edit] Western Force

Bikanir Camel Corps
230th Brigade
231st Brigade
Detachments R.A., dismounted (seven 15-pdr. guns, two 9-pdr. Krupp guns, two Naval 4-in. guns)
5 Armoured Motor Batteris
6 Light Car Patrols (Ford)
Motor Machine gun Battery
1 Garrison Battalion

[edit] Alexandria District

103rd Local Company RGA
5th Battalion British West Indies Regiment
2 Garrison Battalions

[edit] Delta District

2nd Battalion Loyal Regiment (North Lancashire) (from East Africa)
1/4th Battalion Duke of Cornwall's Light Infantry (from Aden)
5 Garrison Battalions

[edit] Northern Section Suez Canal

20th Indian Brigade
1st Battalion British West Indies Regiment
2nd Battalion British West Indies Regiment

[edit] Southern Section Suez Canal

Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade

2 Companies Imperial Camel Corps
267th Brigade RFA (53rd Division)
272nd Brigade RFA (54th Division
229th Brigade (to form part of the 74th Division).[37]

[edit] Order of Battle 9 January Battle of Rafa

Desert Column (Lieutenant General Chetwode)

Anzac Mounted Division (Major General Chauvel)
1st Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General C. F. Cox)
3rd Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General Royston)
New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (Brigadier General E. W. C. Chaytor)
Inverness, Leicestershire and Somerset Territorial Royal Horse Artillery batteries
Imperial Camel Corps Brigade
1st (Australian) Battalion
2nd (British) Battalion
3rd (Australian) Battalion
4th (ANZAC) Battalion
Hong Kong and Singapore Mountain Battery
5th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade
Honourable Artillery Company (18–pounder)Battery
No. 7 Light Car Patrol (six Ford cars equipped with machine guns)
No. 1 Squadron Australian Flying Corps
No. 14 Squadron Royal Flying Corps [38][39][40][41][42][43]

[edit] Order of Battle 1st Gaza March

Eastern Force (Lieutenant General Sir C.M. Dobell)

Imperial Camel Corps Brigade
52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General W.E.B. Smith)
155th (South Scottish) Brigade
156th (Scottish Rifles) Brigade
157th (Highland Light Infantry) Brigade
54th (East Anglian) Division (Major General S.W. Hare)
161st (Essex) Brigade
162nd (East Midland) Brigade
163rd (Norfolk & Suffolk) Brigade
74th (Yeomanry) Division (Major General E.S. Girdwood)
229th Brigade
No. 7 Light Car Patrol
Nos. 11 and 12 Armoured Motor Batteries
5th Wing Royal Flying Corps
No. 1 Squadron Australian Flying Corps
No. 14 Squadron Royal Flying Corps
Desert Column (Lieutenant General P. Chetwode)
Anzac Mounted Division (Major General H. G. Chauvel)
2nd Australian Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General G. de L. Ryrie)
5th, 6th, 7th Australian Light Horse Regiments
New Zealand Mounted Rifle Brigade (Brigadier General E. W. C. Chaytor)
Auckland, Canterbury and Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiments
22nd Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General F. A. B. Fryer)
Stafford, 1/1st Lincolnshire Yeomanry, Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry/East Riding Yeomanry
Imperial Mounted Division (Major General H.W. Hodgson)
3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General L. C. Wilson)
8th, 9th, 10th Australian Light Horse Regiments
5th Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General P. D. Fitzgerald)
6th Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General C A C. Godwin)
Queen's Own Dorset Yeomanry, Buckinghamshire Yeomanry and Berkshire Yeomanry
53rd (Welsh) Division (Major General A.G. Dallas)
158th (North Wales) Brigade (Brigadier General H. A. Vernon)
159th (Cheshire) Brigade (Brigadier General N. Money)
160th (Welsh Border) Brigade (Brigadier General V. L. N. Pearson)

Artillery

Anzac Mounted Division 4 Batteries RHA of 4 18–pdrs = 16 guns

Imperial Mounted Division 4 Batteries RHA of 4 18–pdrs = 16 guns

Imperial Camel Brigade 1 Camel Pack Battery of 6 2.75–inch = 6 guns

53rd (Welsh) Division (3 Brigades RFA 12 18–pdrs=24 guns) 4 of each battery only = 16 guns; 4 4.5–inch howitzers = 8 howitzer

54th (East Anglian) Division (3 Brigades RFA 12 18–pdrs=24 guns) 4 of each battery only = 16 guns; 4 4.5–inch howitzers = 8 howitzer

Army Troops (3 Batteries of 4 60–pdrs=12 guns) one section only = 6 guns [44][45][46]

Note: The third brigades of 53rd and 54th Divisions were in the Suez Canal Defences with 1st Light Horse Brigade about Bir el Abd, Mazar and Bardawil patrolling the pipeline until moving to El Arish on 20 March. And only four guns of each 18–pounder battery of the 53rd and 54th Divisions, and one section of each heavy battery were brought across the Sinai Peninsula. The guns left behind formed part of the Suez Canal Defences.[47][48]

In June 1917 General Allenby took command. At that time the Egyptian Expeditionary Force consisted of the British XX Corps and the British XXI Corps, under the command of Lieutenant Generals Philip Chetwode and Edward Stanislaus Bulfin, respectively, along with the Desert Mounted Corps commanded by Lieutenant General Henry George Chauvel. The air component was the Palestine Brigade of the Royal Flying Corps and the Australian Flying Corps later Royal Air Force and Royal Australian Air Force.[citation needed]

[edit] Order of Battle October Battle of Mughar Ridge and Battle of Jerusalem

XX Corps (Lieutenant General Sir R.W. Chetwode, Bart.)

10th (Irish) Division (Major General J.R. Longley)
29th Brigade
30th Brigade
31st Brigade
53rd (Welsh) Division (Major General S.F. Mott)
158th (North Wales) Brigade
159th (Cheshire) Brigade
160th (Welsh Border) Brigade
60th (2/2nd London) Division (Major General J.S.M. Shea)
179th (2/4th London) Brigade
180th (2/5th London) Brigade
181st (2/6th London) Brigade
74th (Yeomanry) Division (Major General E.S. Girdwood)
229th Brigade
230th Brigade
231st Brigade
Corps Cavalry Regiment – 1/2nd County of London Yeomanry
Corps Artillery – 96th Heavy Artillery Group

XXI Corps (Lieutenant General Sir E.S. Bulfin)

52nd (Lowland) Division (Major General J. Hill)
155th (South Scottish) Brigade
156th (Scottish Rifles) Brigade
157th (Highland Light Infantry) Brigade
54th (East Anglian) Division (Major General S.W. Hare)
161st (Essex) Brigade
162nd (East Midland) Brigade
163rd (Norfolk and Suffolk) Brigade
75th Division(Major General P.C. Palin)
232nd Brigade
233rd Brigade
234th Brigade
Corps Cavalry Regiment – Composite Yeomanry Regt.
Corps Artillery – 97th, 100th, 102nd Heavy Artillery Groups
20th Indian Brigade (Brigadier General H.D. Watson)

Desert Mounted Corps (Lieutenant General Sir H. Chauvel)

Anzac Mounted Division (Major General E.W.C. Chaytor)
1st Light Horse Brigage (Brigadier General C. F. Cox)
1st, 2nd and 3rd Australian Light Horse Regiments
2nd Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General G. de L. Ryrie)
5th, 6th and 7th Australian Light Horse Regiments
New Zealand Mounted Rifle Brigade (Brigadier General W. Meldrum)
Auckland, Canterbury and Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiments
18th Brigade RHA (Inverness, Ayrshire and Somerset Batteries) and Divisional Ammunition Column
Australian Mounted Division (Major General Henry W. Hodgson)
3rd Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General L. C. Wilson)
8th, 9th and 10th Australian Light Horse Regiments
4th Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General W. Grant)
4th, 11th and 12th Australian Light Horse Regiments
5th Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General P. J. V. Kelly)
Gloucestershire Husssars, Warwickshire and Worcestershire Yeomanry Regiments
19th Brigade RHA (A and B Batteries Honourable Artillery Company and Notts Battery RHA) and Divisional Ammunition Column
Yeomanry Mounted Division (Major General G. de S. Barrow)
6th Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General C. A. C. Godwin)
Dorset, Bucks and Berks Yeomanry Regiments
8th Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General C. S. Rome)
1st City of London and 1st and 3rd County of London Yeomanry Regiments
22nd Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General P. D. FitzGerald)
Stafford, Lincoln and East Riding Yeomanry Regiments
20th Brigade RHA (Berks, Hants and Leicester Battries) and Divisional Ammunition Column
Corps Reserve
7th Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General J. T. Wigan)
Sherwood Rangers, South Notts and Herts Yeomanry Regiments with Essex Battery RHA and Brigade Ammunition Column
Imperial Camel Corps Brigade (Brigadier General S. Smith)
2nd (British) Battalion
3rd (Australian) Battalion
4th (ANZAC) Battalion
Hong Kong and Singapore Mountain Battery RGA.[49][50]

Palestine Brigade (composite Royal Flying Corps RFC and Australian Flying Corps (AFC) operational from 27 October to 7 November 1917)

5th Corps Wing at Deir el Belah
No. 14 Squadron RFC at Deir el Belah and allotted to XXI Corps
No. 13 Squadron RFC at Sheikh Nuran (2 flights allotted to XX Corps; 1 flight to Desert Mounted Corps)
No. 21 Kite Balloon Company consisting of –
No. 49 Kite Balloon Section at Sheikh Shabasi
No. 50 Kite Balloon Section at Wadi Ghuzze.
40th Wing Headquarters at Deir el Belah
No. 11 Squadron RFC at Deir el Belah
No. 67 Squadron (No. 1 Squadron Australian Flying Corps) at Shiekh Nuran
A special squadron was formed from the 20th Training Wing at Aboukir on 24 October for duty at Nuran under the direct orders of the Palestine Brigade for operations consisting of bombing raids on enemy camps, dumps, trench works and battery positions.
Aircraft Park – "X" Aircraft Park at Abbassia with an advanced stores section at Kantara was responsible for the supplies to the RFC in Palestine.[51]
British troops on parade at Jaffa Gate in December 1917 after the capture and occupation of Palestine.

[edit] Egyptian Expeditionary Force Order of Battle 1918

The force initially consisted mostly of British and Egyptian troops, but most of the former were sent to the Western Front in early 1918 to help repel Germany's Spring Offensive. In the meantime, new troops were then dispatched from India, Australia, and New Zealand, in particular who made up a large portion of the army. Though it was feared that mostly Muslim Indian troops might desert and join Ottoman Empire forces in the region (who had declared a jihad against the Allies early in the war), this fear proved unfounded, as the Indians fought valiantly on the front lines of most of the army's major engagements. The force also included a small contingent of French and Italian troops. The forces of the Arab Revolt, led by Prince Feisal of Mecca, were also unofficially attached during Allenby's Damascus offensive.[citation needed]

The force also included contingents of Armenian soldiers

The force's role evolved from a defense of Egypt to the invasion of Palestine which involved: the capture of Beersheba and Gaza in October–November 1917 (see Third Battle of Gaza), entering Jerusalem on December 11, 1917, and Allenby's successful campaign of 1918, resulting in the defeat of the Turks at Megiddo, and the capture of Damascus, Beirut, and Aleppo. The force's successes ultimately led to Turkey's exit from the war and the creation of the British Mandate of Palestine.[citation needed]

[edit] Location of Egyptian Expeditionary Force on 9 February

7th Mounted Brigade at Deir el Belah
Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade at Herbieh
Imperial Camel Brigade at Rafa
20th Indian Infantry Brigade at Gaza
Anzac Mounted Division at Richon le Zion (Ayun Kara)
Australian Mounted Division at Deir el Belah
Yeomanry Mounted Division at Deir el Belah
10th (Irish) Division at O99, P.20.d. place not named.
53rd (Welsh) Division at Ram Allah
60th (London) Division at Jerusalem
74th (Yeomanry) Division at Latron
52nd (Lowland) Division at Jaffa and Sarona
54th (East Anglian) Division at Wilhelma
75th Division at Ramleh.[52]

[edit] Order of Battle April Second Transjordan attacks on Shunet Nimrin and Es Salt

  • Desert Mounted Corps (GOC Lieutenant General H. G. Chauvel)
60th (London) Division commanded by Major General John Shea (less the 181st Brigade in reserve on the XXth Corps front)
179th Brigade (Brigadier General FitzJ. M. Edwards)
2/13th London Regiment
2/14th London Regiment
2/15th London Regiment
2/16th London Regiment
180th Brigade (Brigadier General C. F. Watson)
2/17th London Regiment
2/18th London Regiment
2/19th London Regiment
2/20th London Regiment
Artillery 301st, 302nd, 303rd Brigades RFA
20th Indian Brigade (Brigadier General E. R. B. Murray)
Alwar Imperial Service Infantry Regiment
Patiala Imperial Service Infantry Regiment
Gwalior Imperial Service Infantry Regiment
110th Mahratta L. I. Regiment
Anzac Mounted Division (GOC Major General E. W. C. Chaytor)
2nd Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General G. de L. Ryrie)
5th Light Horse Regiment
6th Light Horse Regiment
7th Light Horse Regiment
New Zealand Mounted Rifles Brigade (Brigiadier General W. Meldrum)
Auckland Mounted Rifles Regiment
Canterbury Mounted Rifles Regiment
Wellington Mounted Rifles Regiment
Divisional Artillery XVIII Brigade RHA (Inverness, Ayr and Somerset Batteries)
Australian Mounted Divisions (GOC Major General H. W. Hodgson)
1st Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General C. F. Cox) (Anzac Mounted Division)
1st Light Horse Regiment
2nd Light Horse Regiment
3rd Light Horse Regiment
3rd Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General L. C. Wilson)
8th Light Horse Regiment
9th Light Horse Regiment
10th Light Horse Regiment
4th Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General W. Grant)
4th Light Horse Regiment
11th Light Horse Regiment
12th Light Horse Regiment
5th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade (Brigadier General P. J. V. Kelly)
1/1st Gloucester Yeomanry Regiment
1/1st Worcester Yeomanry Regiment
1/1st Sherwood Rangers Regiment (7th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade)
Divisional Artillery XIX Brigade RHA (Notts. Battery RHA, "A" and "B: Batteries HAC with Hong Kong Mountain Battery attached
1/1st Dorset Yeomanry Regiment (6th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade)
1/1st County of London (Middlesex) Yeomanry Regiment (8th Mounted Yeomanry Brigade)
Imperial Service Cavalry Brigade
Jodhpur Lancers
Mysore Lancers
Hyderabad Lancers
11th and 12th Light Armoured Motor Batteries [LAMB] (Machine Gun Corps)

West of the Jordan

Imperial Camel Corps Brigade (Brigadier General C. L. Smith)
2nd (British) Battalion
3rd (Australian) Battalion
4th (ANZAC) Battalion
Artillery Singapore Mountain Battery less Hong Kong Mountain Battery
22nd Mounted Brigade (Brigadier General F. A. B. Fryer/Brigadier General P. D. FitzGerald)
1/1st Lincolnshire Yeomanry Regiment
1/1st Staffordshire Yeomanry Regiment
1/1st East Riding Yeomanry Regiment[53]

[edit] Order of Battle 19 September

XX Corps (Lieutenant General Sir P. Chetwode)

53rd (Welsh) Division (Major General S. F. Mott)
158th Brigade (Brigadier General H. A. Vernon)
5/6th R. Welsh Fus., 4/11th Gurkhas, 3/153rd and 154th Indian Inf.
159th Brigade (Brigadier General N. Money)
4/5th Welsh Regt., 3/152nd, 1/153rd and 2/153rd Indian Inf.
160th Brigade (Brigadier General V. L. N. Pearson)
1/7th R. Welsh Fus., 1/17th Indian Inf., 1/21st Punjabis, 1st Cape Corps
265th, 266th, 267th Brigades RFA each with three batteries of twelve 18-pdrs. and four 4.5-inch hows.
39th Indian Mountain Battery
Troop Corps Cavalry Regiment (1/1st Worcester Yeomanry)
10th (Irish) Division (Major General J. R. Longley)
29th Brigade (Brigadier General C.L. Smith)
1st Leinsters, 1/101st Grenadiers, 1/54th Sikhs, 2/151st Infantry
30th Brigade (Brigadier General F. A. Greer)
1st Royal Irish Regt., 1st Kashmir I.S. Rifles, 38th Dogras, 46th Punjabis
31st Brigade (Brigadier General E. M. Morris)
2nd Royal Irish Fus., 2/101st Grenadiers, 74th Punjabis, 2/41nd Deolis
67th, 68th, 263rd Brigades RFA (67th and 68th Brigades with three batteries of twelve 18-pdrs. and four 4.5-inch hows.; 263rd Brigade with six 18-pdrs. and four 4.5-inch hows.)
Hong Kong and Singapore Mountain Battery
"Watson's Force" (holding centre of XX Corps' Front
Corps Cavalry Regiment (1/1 Worcester Yeomanry)
Pioneer Battalions (2/155th and 1/155th) of 10th and 53rd Divisions
Corps Reinforcement Detachment (700 strong)
XX Corps Heavy Artillery
  • For support of 53rd Division
103rd Brigade RGA
R. Section 10th Heavy Battery
L. Section 10th Heavy Battery
205th Siege Battery
387th Siege Battery (less 1 gun)
392nd Siege Battery
  • For support of 10th Division
421st Siege Battery
397th Siege Battery (1 gun)
2 captured 15 cm hows.
2 captured 105 mm hows
3 captured 75 mm hows.

XXI Corps (Lieutenant General Sir E. Bulfin)

3rd (Lahore) Division (Major General A.R. Hoskins)
7th Brigade (Brigadier General S. R. Davidson)
1st Connaught Rngrs, 2/7th Gurkha Rifles, 27th and 91st Punjabis
8th Brigade (Brigadier General S. M. Edwardes)
1st Manchester Regt., 27th Sikhs, 59th Scinde Rifles, 2/124th Baluchistan Infantry
9th Brigade (Brigadier General C. C. Luard)
2nd Dorsets, 1/1st Gurkha Rifles, 93rd Infantry, 105th Mahratta Light Infantry
4th, 8th, 53rd Brigades RFA, each with twelve 18-pdrs. and four 4.5-inch hows.
7th (Meerut) Division (Major General Sir V. B. Fane)
19th Brigade (Brigadier General G. S. Weir)
1st Seaforth Highrs., 28th and 92nd Punjabis, 125th Napier's Rifles
21st Brigade (Brigadier General A. G. Kemball)
2nd Black Watch, 1st Guides Infantry, 20th Punjabis, 1/8th Gurkha Rifles
28th Brigade (Brigadier General C. H Davies)
2nd Leicesters, 51st and 53rd Sikhs, 56th Punjabi Rifles
261st, 262nd, 264th Brigades RFA, each with twelve 18-pds and four 4.5-inch hows.
54th (East Anglian) Division (Major General S. W. Hare)
161st Brigade (Brigadier General A. B. Orpen Palmer)
1/4th, 1/5th, 1/6th and 1/7th Essex
162nd Brigade (Brigadier General A. Mudge)
1/5th Bedford, 1/4th Nothampton, 1/10th and 1/11th London
163rd Brigade (Brigadier General A. J. MacNeill)
1/4th, 1/5th Norfolk, 1/5th Suffolk, 1/8th Hampshire
270th, 271st, 272nd Brigades RFA, each with twelve 18-pds and four 4.5-inch hows.
60th (London) Division (Major General Sir J. S. M. Shea)
179th Brigade (Brigadier General E. T. Humphreys)
2/13th London, 3/151st Infantry, 2/19th Punjabis, 2/137th Baluchis
180th Brigade (Brigadier General C. F. Watson)
2/19th London, 2nd Guides, 2/30th Punjabis, 1/50th Kumoan Rifles
181st Brigade (Brigadier General E. C. da Costa)
2/22nd London, 130th Baluchis, 2/97th Deccan Inf., 2/152nd Infantry.[54][55]
75th Division (Major General P. C. Palin)
232nd Brigade (Brigadier General H. J. Huddleston)
1/4th Wilts, 72nd Punjabis, 2/3rd Gurkhas, 3rd Kashmir I.S. Infantry
233rd Brigade (Brigadier General E. M. Colston)
1/5th Somerset Light Infantry, 29th Punjabis, 3/3rd Gurkhas, 2/154th Infantry
234th Brigade (Brigadier General C. A. H. Maclean)
1/4th D.C.L.I., 123rd Outram Rifles, 58th Vaughan's Rifles, 1/152nd Infantry.[56][57][58]
301st, 302nd 303rd Brigades RFA, each with twelve 18-pdrs. and four 4.5- hows.
5th Light Horse Brigade (under orders of 60th Division)
French Palestine Contingent (4 Bns and 3 Btys) [59][60]
Corps mounted troops (Composite Yeomanry Regiment)
XXI Corps Heavy Artillery
  • Sub-Group under the Right Group
4.7-inch Battery RGA
300 SB, RGA 6-inch Section
334 SB, RGA, One Section
  • Right Group
100th Brigade, RGA, Headquarters -
15th HB, RGA
134 SB, RGA
334 SB, RGA One Section
43 SB, RGA "Bessie"
  • Right Centre Group
95th Brigade, RGA Headquarters -
181 HB, RGA
304 SB, RGA
314 SB, RGA
383 SB, RGA
422 SB, RGA
5.9-inch Hows. Section.
  • Left Centre Group
102nd Brigade, RGA Headquarters -
91 HB, RGA
209 SB, RGA
380 SB, RGA
440 SB, RGA
300 SB, RGA 8 inch Section
43 SB, RGA "Lizzie"
  • Left Group
96th Brigade, RGA Headquarters -
189 HB, RGA
202 HB, RGA
378 SB, RGA
394 SB, RGA

Generally -

  • The Sub-Group was in support of the French
  • The Right Group was in support of the 54th Division
  • The Right Centre Group was in support of the 3rd (Lahore) Division
  • The Left Centre Group was in support of the 75th Division
  • The Left Group was in support of the 60th Division. [61]

Desert Mounted Corps (Lieutenant General Sir H. Chauvel)

4th Cavalry Division (Major General Sir G. de S. Barrow)
10th Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier General W. G. K. Green/Howard-Vyse)
1/1 Dorset Yeomanry (ex 6th Mounted Brigade), 2nd Lancers, 38th Central India Horse (38th King George's Own Central India Horse)
11th Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier General C. L. Gregory)
1/1st County of London Yeomanry (ex 8th Mounted Brigade), 29th Lancers, 36th Jacob's Horse
12th Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier General J. T. Wigan)
1/1Stafford Yeomanry (ex 22nd Mounted Brigade), 6th Cavalry, 19th Lancers
20th Brigade RHA and Divisional Ammunition Column
12th LAM Battery
No. 7 Light Car Patrol
5th Cavalry Division (Major General H. J. M. MacAndrew)
13th Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier General P. J. V. Kelly)
1/1 Gloucester Yeomanry (ex 5th Mounted Brigade), 9th Hodson's Horse, 18th Lancers
14th Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier General G. V. Clarke)
1/1 Sherwood Rangers Yeomanry (ex 7th Mounted Brigade), 20th Deccan Horse, 34th Poona Horse
15th (Imperial Service) Cavalry Brigade (Brigadier General C. R. Harbord)
Jodhpur, Mysore and 1st Hyderabad Lancers [Regiments] (These regiments were all maintained by the Ruling Princes of their respective States in India.)
'B' Battery HAC and Essex Battery RHA with Divisional Ammunition Column
11th LAM Battery
No. 1 Light Car Patrol.[62][63]
Australian Mounted Division (Major General H. W. Hodgson)
3rd Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General L. C. Wilson)
8th, 9th, 10th Australian Light Horse Regiments
4th Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General W. Grant)
4th, 11th 12th Light Horse Regiments[64]
5th Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General C. Macarthur Onslow) (attached XXI Corps till 22 September)
14th, 15th Light Horse Regiments (ex Imperial Camel Corps Brigade)
16th Regiment Mixte de Marche de Palestine et Syrie (French Régiment Mixte de Cavalerie)
French Chasseurs d’Afrique (2 squadrons)
Spahis (1 squadron).[65][66][67]
19th Brigade RHA.[68]

Chaytor's Force (Major General E.W.C. Chaytor)

20th Imperial Service Infantry Brigade
Four Indian Battalions
1st Battalion British West Indies Regiment
2nd Battalion British West Indies Regiment
38th Battalion Royal Fusiliers (Jewish Battalion)
39th Battalion Royal Fusiliers (Jewish Battalion)[69][70][71][72]
Anzac Mounted Division (Major General E.W.C. Chaytor)
1st Light Horse Brigage (Brigadier General C. F. Cox)
1st, 2nd and 3rd Light Horse Regiments
2nd Light Horse Brigade (Brigadier General G. de L. Ryrie)
5th, 6th and 7th Light Horse Regiments
New Zealand Mounted Rifle Brigade (Brigadier General W. Meldrum)
Auckland, Canterbury and Wellington Mounted Rifle Regiments
18th Brigade RHA (Inverness, Ayrshire and Somerset Batteries) and Divisional Ammunition Column[73]
A/263 Battery RFA
195th Heavy Battery RGA
29th and 32nd Indian Mountain Batteries
No. 6 (Medium) Trench Mortar Battery
3 anti–aircraft sections RA
Detachment No. 35 AT Company RE.[74]

[edit] See also

[edit] Notes

  1. ^ The names of the infantry divisions, brigades and battalions and some other units have, in many cases, been changed so they no longer reflect the names of these units as they appear in the sources quoted. Additional names of units have been added without citation.

[edit] References

  1. ^ Bruce 2002, p. 34
  2. ^ Keogh 1955, p. 32
  3. ^ Wavell 1968, p. 41
  4. ^ Bruce 2002, pp. 15–6
  5. ^ Carver 2003, pp. 8–9
  6. ^ Wavell 1968, p. 27
  7. ^ Coulthard-Clark 1998, p. 22
  8. ^ Wavell 1968, p. 34
  9. ^ Wavell 1968, pp. 36–7
  10. ^ a b c d e f Cutlack 1941, pp. 32, 67–8
  11. ^ a b c d e f Keogh 1955, p. 34
  12. ^ a b c d e f Powles 1922, pp. 12, 278-9
  13. ^ a b c d e f Wavell 1968, pp. 92–3, 139–41
  14. ^ a b c d e f Woodward 2006, p. 53
  15. ^ a b c d "Sinai and Palestine". Australian War Memorial. p. 68. http://www.awm.gov.au/collection/records/awmohww1/aif/vol7/awmohww1-aif-vol7-ch5.pdf. Retrieved 30 November 2011. 
  16. ^ Bruce 2002, pp. 38–9
  17. ^ "Imperial Camel Corps". Australian War Memorial. http://www.awm.gov.au/units/unit_13624.asp. Retrieved 13 January 2012. 
  18. ^ Bruce 2002, pp. 38–9
  19. ^ Cutlack 1941, pp. 32, 67–8
  20. ^ Keogh 1955, p. 34
  21. ^ Powles 1922, pp. 12, 278-9
  22. ^ Wavell 1968, pp. 92–3, 139–41
  23. ^ Woodward 2006, p. 53
  24. ^ McGuirk 2007, pp. 260–1, 263–4
  25. ^ Carver 2003 pp. 186–8
  26. ^ Bowman–Manifold 1923, p. 23
  27. ^ Bruce 2002, pp.43–4
  28. ^ Keogh 1955, p. 53–4
  29. ^ Powles 1922, pp. 29–35; 278-9
  30. ^ Wavell, 1968, p. 69
  31. ^ Powles 1922, p. 47
  32. ^ Hill 1978, p. 85
  33. ^ Woodward 2003, p. 53
  34. ^ a b Cutlack 1941, pp. 45–9
  35. ^ Anzac MD WD AWM4-1-60-10 Appendix 24 pp. 3–7
  36. ^ Powles 1922, pp. 48-9 Map of Magdhaba & 278-9
  37. ^ Falls 1930 Vol. 1 p. 275
  38. ^ Bruce 2002 p. 85
  39. ^ Cutlack 1941, pp. 45–9, 51
  40. ^ Gullett 1941, pp. 230-1
  41. ^ Keogh 1955, p. 77
  42. ^ Powles 1922, p. 65
  43. ^ Coulthard-Clark 1998, p. 123
  44. ^ Wavell 1968, pp. 92–4
  45. ^ Powles 1922, pp. 278-9
  46. ^ Preston 1921, p. 331-3
  47. ^ Wavell 1968, p. 94
  48. ^ 1st Light Horse Brigade War Diary March 1917 AWM4-10-1-32
  49. ^ Wavell 1968, pp. 139–41
  50. ^ Preston 1921, pp. 331-3
  51. ^ Wavell 1968, pp. 139–41
  52. ^ GS, GHQ, EEF War Diary AWM4, 1-6-22 pp.18-9
  53. ^ Falls 1930 Volume 2 Part 1 pp. 365, 368, Volume 2 Part 2 pp. 660-2, 673
  54. ^ Wavell 1968, p. 217-8
  55. ^ Massey 1920, pp. 339-40
  56. ^ Keogh 1955, p. 240
  57. ^ Blenkinsop 1925, p.235-6
  58. ^ Massey 1920, p. 340
  59. ^ Keogh 1955, p. 240
  60. ^ Wavell 1968, p. 218
  61. ^ Wavell 1968, p. 218-9
  62. ^ Preston 1921, pp. 331, 333-4
  63. ^ Wavell 1968 pp. 216
  64. ^ Preston 1921, p.332
  65. ^ Jones 1987, pp. 146–7
  66. ^ Preston 1921, p. 335
  67. ^ Massey 1920, p. 338
  68. ^ Preston 1921, p. 333
  69. ^ Keogh 1955, p. 240
  70. ^ Powles 1922, p. 236
  71. ^ Wavell 1968, p. 219
  72. ^ Massey 1920, p. 339
  73. ^ Preston 1921, p. 331
  74. ^ Powles 1922, p. 236

[edit] Bibliography

  • "General Staff General Headquarters Egyptian Expeditionary Force". Canberra: Australian War Memorial. February 1918. http://www.awm.gov.au/collection/war_diaries/first_world_war/subclass.asp?levelID=1362. 
  • "General Staff Headquarters Anzac Mounted Division War Diary". Canberra: Australian War Memorial. December 1916. http://www.awm.gov.au/collection/war_diaries/first_world_war/subclass.asp?levelID=1338. 
  • "1st Light Horse Brigade War Diary". Canberra: Australian War Memorial. March 1917. http://www.awm.gov.au/collection/war_diaries/first_world_war/subclass.asp?levelID=1468. 
  • Bowman–Manifold, M. G. E. (1923). An Outline of the Egyptian and Palestine Campaigns, 1914 to 1918 (2nd ed.). Chatham: The Institution of Royal Engineers, W. & J. Mackay & Co Ltd. OCLC 224893679. 
  • Bruce, Anthony (2002). The Last Crusade: The Palestine Campaign in the First World War. London: John Murray Ltd. ISBN 0719554322 9780719554322. 
  • Carver, Michael, Field Marshal Lord (2003). The National Army Museum Book of The Turkish Front 1914–1918 The Campaigns at Gallipoli, in Mesopotamia and in Palestine. London: Pan Macmillan. ISBN 0283073470 9780283073472. 
  • Coulthard-Clark, Chris (1998). Where Australians Fought: The Encyclopaedia of Australia's Battles. St Leonards: Allen and Unwin. ISBN 1864486112. 
  • Cutlack, F.M. (1941). The Australian Flying Corps in the Western and Eastern Theatres of War, 1914–1918. Official History of Australia in the War of 1914–1918. VIII. Melbourne: Australian War Memorial. 
  • Falls, Cyril; A. F. Becke (maps) (1930). Military Operations Egypt & Palestine from June 1917 to the End of the War. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. 2 Part I. London: HM Stationary Office. OCLC 644354483. 
  • Falls, Cyril; A. F. Becke (maps) (1930). Military Operations Egypt & Palestine from June 1917 to the End of the War. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. 2 Part II. London: HM Stationary Office. OCLC 256950972. 
  • Gullett, H.S. (1941). The Australian Imperial Force in Sinai and Palestine, 1914–1918. Official History of Australian in the War of 1914–1918, Volume VII. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. OCLC 220900153. 
  • Jones, Ian (1987). Australians at War The Australian Light Horse. North Sydney: Time-Life Books (Australia). OCLC 255503233. 
  • Keogh, E. G.; Joan Graham (1955). Suez to Aleppo. Melbourne: Directorate of Military Training by Wilkie & Co.. OCLC 220029983. 
  • McGuirk, Russell (2007). The Sanusi's Little War The Amazing Story of a Forgotten Conflict in the Western Desert, 1915–1917. London: Arabian Publishing. OCLC 156803398. 
  • Massey, William T. (1920). Allenby's Final Triumph. London: Constable & Co.. OCLC 345306,433827755,457411812. 
  • Powles, C. Guy; A. Wilkie (1922). The New Zealanders in Sinai and Palestine. Official History New Zealand's Effort in the Great War, Volume III. Auckland: Whitcombe & Tombs Ltd. OCLC 2959465. 
  • Preston, R. M. P. (1921). The Desert Mounted Corps: An Account of the Cavalry Operations in Palestine and Syria 1917–1918. London: Constable & Co.. OCLC 3900439. 
  • Wavell, Field Marshal Earl (1968). E.W. Sheppard. ed. The Palestine Campaigns. A Short History of the British Army (3rd ed.). London: Constable & Co. 
  • Woodward, David R. (2006). Hell in the Holy Land World War I in the Middle East. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 9780813123837 0813123836. 
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