Eucoccidiorida

Eucoccidiorida
	Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
(unranked):	Sar
Superphylum:	Alveolata
Phylum:	Apicomplexa
Class:	Conoidasida
Subclass:	Coccidiasina
Order:	Eucoccidiorida; Léger & Duboscq, 1910
Suborders
	Adeleorina; Eimeriorina;

Eucoccidiorida is an order of microscopic, spore-forming, single-celled parasites belonging to the apicomplexan class Conoidasida. Protozoans of this order include parasites of humans, and both domesticated and wild animals including birds. Among these parasites are the Toxoplasma gondii that cause toxoplasmosis and Isospora belli, which results in isosporiasis.

Definition

This is the largest order in the class Conoidasida and contains those species that all undergo merogony (asexual), gametogony (sexual) and sporogony (spore formation) during their life cycle

Genera

There are 19 families, 3 subfamilies and 70 genera recognised in this order. In alphabetical order the genera are:

Adelea, Adelina, Aggregata, Alveocystis, Atoxoplasma, Babesiosoma, Barrouxia, Bartazoon, Besnoitia, Calyptospora, Caryospora, Caryotropha, Chagasella, Choleoeimeria, Cryptosporidium, Crystallospora, Cyclospora, Cyrilia, Cystoisospora, Dactylosoma, Desseria, Diaspora, Dorisa, Dorisiella, Eimeria, Elleipsisoma, Epieimeria, Frenkelia, Ganapatiella, Gibbsia, Goussia, Gousseffia, Grasseella, Hammondia, Haemogregarina, Hemolivia, Hepatozoon, Hoarella, Hyaloklossia, Isospora, Ithania, Karyolysus, Klossia, Klossiella, Lankesterella, Legerella, Margolisiella, Mantonella, Merocystis, Nephroisospora, Neospora, Octosporella, Orcheobius, Ovivora, Pfeifferinella, Polysporella, Pseudoklossia, Pythonella, Rasajeyna, Sarcocystis, Schellackia, Selenococcidium, Selysina, Sivatoshella, Skrjabinella, Spirocystis, Toxoplasma, Tyzzeria, Wenyonella

Notes

Among the heteroxenous and cyst forming genera are: Besnoitia, Cystoisospora, Frenkelia, Hammondia, Neospora, Sarcocystis and Toxoplasma.

Taxonomy

The taxonomy of this group is complex and only partly understood. Two major clades have been identified: the isosporoid coccidia (Toxoplasma, Neospora, Isospora [in part], and Sarcocystis) and a second clade containing Lankesterella, Caryospora and the eimeriid coccidia (Cyclospora, Isospora [in part] and Eimeria).^[1] Isospora is more closely related to the Toxoplasma/Neospora clade than to Sarcocystis.^[2]

Families

There are ~1,000 species in the genus Eimeria.

Some of the genera have been organised into families.

Family Barrouxiidae
- Genera
  - Barrouxia
  - Goussia
Family Sarcocystidae
- Genera
  - Besnoitia
  - Cystoisospora
  - Neospora
  - Sarcocystis
  - Toxoplasma

References

^ Barta JR, Martin DS, Carreno RA, et al. (February 2001). "Molecular phylogeny of the other tissue coccidia: Lankesterella and Caryospora". J. Parasitol. 87 (1): 121–7. doi:10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0121:MPOTOT]2.0.CO;2. PMID 11227876.
^ Carreno RA, Schnitzler BE, Jeffries AC, Tenter AM, Johnson AM, Barta JR (1998). "Phylogenetic analysis of coccidia based on 18S rDNA sequence comparison indicates that Isospora is most closely related to Toxoplasma and Neospora". J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 45 (2): 184–8. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1998.tb04523.x. PMID 9561772.

External links

Taxon: Order Eucoccidiorida Léger & Duboscq, 1910, The Taxonomicon.
"Eucoccidiorida". NCBI Taxonomy Browser. 75739.

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[Barta2001-1] Barta JR, Martin DS, Carreno RA, et al. (February 2001). "Molecular phylogeny of the other tissue coccidia: Lankesterella and Caryospora". J. Parasitol. 87 (1): 121–7. doi:10.1645/0022-3395(2001)087[0121:MPOTOT]2.0.CO;2. PMID 11227876.

[Carreno1998-2] Carreno RA, Schnitzler BE, Jeffries AC, Tenter AM, Johnson AM, Barta JR (1998). "Phylogenetic analysis of coccidia based on 18S rDNA sequence comparison indicates that Isospora is most closely related to Toxoplasma and Neospora". J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 45 (2): 184–8. doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1998.tb04523.x. PMID 9561772.

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