Grand National Teams
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The Grand National Teams (GNT) national bridge championship is held at the summer American Contract Bridge League (ACBL) North American Bridge Championship (NABC).
The Grand National Teams is a team knockout event. The event is broken into four flights (Championship, A, B, C). The event is restricted to those who have qualified in their local ACBL district. No player on a flight A team can have more than 5,000 masterpoints. No player on a flight B team can have more than 2,000 masterpoints. No player on a flight C team can have more than 500 masterpoints, or be a lifemaster (which requires only 300 masterpoints).
All flights typically start on the Wednesday before the main NABC events.
The 2011 host district won Flights B and C in Toronto and thereby won the unofficial GNT Cup.[1]
[edit] History
The United States Bridge Association, established by Ely Culbertson and his staff, conducted a Grand National Team-of-Four championship from 1934 to 1937 (the lifetime of the organization before merger created the ACBL).[citation needed]
The event began in 1973 as a grass-roots event. The initial stages are contested over the course of several months at the local levels (the exact conditions vary). The district winners play for the championship at the Summer NABC.
Originally, all 25 districts of the ACBL participated. Currently only the 23 U.S. districts compete.
In 1985, the event was divided into three separate flights - A, B, C.
In 2001, the Championship Flight (for players with more than 5,000 points) was added.
The winners in each event have their names engraved on the Morehead Trophy, donated by The New York Times in memory of its longtime bridge editor Albert H. Morehead.
[edit] Championship Flight
Spector (District 9) defeated Robinson (D6) by 12 IMPs, 140–128.[2]
In the Championship Flight semifinal, District 9 beat 11, the defending champion team, and District 6 beat 24, the 2009 runners up.[3]
| Year | dist | Winners | dist | Runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1973 | Russell Arnold, James Beery, Jane Jaeger, Richard Pavlicek, William Seamon, Robert G. Sharp | Dave Smith, Byron Economidy, Jerry Levitt, Roger Lord, Norb Kremer, Ron Smith | ||
| 1974 | Larry T. Cohen, Billy Eisenberg, Eddie Kantar, Richard H. Katz, Paul Soloway, John Swanson | 12 | Chuck Burger, Fred Hamilton, Howard Perlman, Stanley Smith, Jeffrey Starr, Dick Yanko | |
| 1975 | 16 | John Fisher, Charles Gabriel, Bob Hamman, Jim Hooker, Charles Weed, Bobby Wolff | Mike Cook, Jim Felts, Doug Hill, Reece Rogers, Ron L. Smith, Bernie Yomtov | |
| 1976 | Billy Eisenberg, Eddie Kantar, Paul Soloway, John Swanson | Marty Fleisher, Charlie Friedman, Ron Gerard, Halina Jamner, Archie McKellar, Neil Nathanson | ||
| 1977 | 16 | Bob Hamman, Dan Morse, Curtis Smith, Eddie Wold, Bobby Wolff | 6 | Bobby Lipsitz, Steve Parker, Steve Robinson, Kit Woolsey |
| 1978 | Gerald Caravelli, Charles Peres, William Rosen, Milton Rosenberg, Dan Rotman | Allan Cokin, Bobby Levin, Bud Reinhold, William Seamon, Steve Sion | ||
| 1979 | Greg DeFotis, Jerry Goldfein, Arnold Leavitt, Larry Robbins, Claude Vogel | Marty Bergen, Chuck Lamprey, Warren Rosner, Allan Stauber | ||
| 1980 | Jack Bitman, Jan Janitschke, Craig Janitschke, Dick Lesko | Russell Arnold, Edith Kemp, Bill Passell, Cliff Russell, Billy Seamon, Dave Strasberg | ||
| 1981 | 16 | Ira Chorush, Jim Jacoby, Mike Passell, George Rosenkranz, Eddie Wold | Mike Becker, Brian Glubok, John Lowenthal, Phillip Martin, Michael Rosenberg, Ron Rubin | |
| 1982 | 21 | Ron Von der Porten, Hugh Ross, Chip Martel, Lew Stansby, Kyle Larsen, Peter Pender; Jeff Polisner (npc) | 12 | Steve Landen, Pratap Rajadhyaksha, Jeff Starr, Frank Bell, Chuck Burger |
| 1983 | 21 | Chip Martel, Hugh Ross, Peter Pender, Lew Stansby | Lou Blumn, Larry Gould, Randy Joyce, Nick Nickell, Richard Freeman | |
| 1984 | 6 | Kit Woolsey, Ed Manfield, Peter Boyd, Bobby Lipsitz, Steve Robinson | Greg DeFotis, Larry Robbins, Jerry Goldfein, Hal Mouser, Jack Oest, Gerry Caravelli | |
| 1985 | 21 | Chip Martel, Hugh Ross, Lew Stansby, Peter Pender; Alfred Sheinwold (npc) | 6 | Steve Robinson, Eddie Manfield, Peter Boyd, Bobby Lipsitz |
| 1986 | 16 | Seymon Deutsch, Bobby Wolff, Bob Hamman, Jim Jacoby | Milt Rosenberg, Ralph Katz, Hal Mouser, Greg DeFotis, Larry Robbins, Howard Weinstein | |
| 1987 | 21 | Chip Martel, Hugh Ross, Peter Pender, Lew Stansby, Mike Lawrence | Frank Hoadley, Sidney Lazard, John Onstott, Jack LaNoue | |
| 1988 | 6 | Steve Robinson, Ed Manfield, Peter Boyd, Bobby Lipsitz | Jack Oest, Steve Garner, Jerry Goldfein, Bart Bramley, Gerry Caravelli, Howard Weinstein | |
| 1989 | 25 | Steve Sion, Robert Barr, Harold Stengel, Bernie Miller | Tony Kasday, Paul Ivaska, Gaylor Kasle, Garey Hayden, Roger Bates | |
| 1990 | 11 | Doug Simson, Walter Johnson, Jeff Meckstroth, Eric Rodwell, Dennis Clerkin | Kay Larsen, Chris Larsen, Joe Kivel, Robert Rosenblum, Evan Bailey | |
| 1991 | Larry Robbins, Jerry Goldfein, Jack Oest, Peter Nagy, Steve Garner, Howard Weinstein | Marty Bergen, Larry N. Cohen, Fred Stewart, Steve Weinstein | ||
| 1992 | 6 | Steve Robinson, Peter Boyd, Bobby Lipsitz, Ed Manfield | Mike Becker, Ron Rubin, Richard Pavlicek, Bill Root, Bobby Levin, Jeff Wolfson | |
| 1993 | 21 | Ravindra Murthy, Brad Moss, Lew Stansby, Chip Martel, Hugh Ross, Jeff Ferro | Brian Ellis, Asim Ulke, Florine Walters, Richard Finberg, Jay Apfelbaum, Piyush Vakil | |
| 1994 | Jimmy Cayne, Alan Sontag, David Berkowitz, Larry N. Cohen | 11 | Doug Simson, Walter Johnson, Eric Rodwell, Jeff Meckstroth | |
| 1995 | Steve Garner, Jack Oest, Larry Robbins, Jerry Goldfein, Gerald Caravelli, Gary Cohler | Billy Cohen, Marc Jacobus, Harold Lilie, Peter Nagy | ||
| 1996 | 21 | Ralph Buchalter, Hugh Ross, Kyle Larsen, Ron Smith, Chip Martel, Lew Stansby | 12 | Chuck Burger, Geoff Hampson, Allan Falk, Perry Johnson |
| 1997 | 9 | Jeffrey Wolfson, Bobby Levin, Jeff Meckstroth, Neil Silverman, Richard Pavlicek, Michael Seamon | 10 | Hjordis Eythorsdottir, Curtis Cheek, Steve Beatty, John Onstott |
| 1998 | 22 | Ross Grabel, Jon Wittes, Mark Itabashi, Fred Hamilton, Gene Simpson | 16 | Bobby Goldman, John Sutherlin, Malcolm Brachman, Mike Passell, Eddie Wold |
| 1999 | 9 | Joseph Shay, Michael Seamon, Bobby Levin, Jeff Meckstroth, Eric Rodwell | 23 | Jill Meyers, Ed Davis, Mitch Dunitz, Iftikhar Baqai |
| 2000 | 9 | Joseph Shay, Michael Seamon, Bobby Levin, Jeff Meckstroth, Eric Rodwell | 21 | Rose Meltzer, Peter Weichsel, Ron Smith, Kyle Larsen, Chip Martel, Lew Stansby |
| 2001 | 23 | Jill Meyers, Ed Davis, Mitch Dunitz, Iftikhar Baqai | 21 | Rose Meltzer, Peter Weichsel, Hugh Ross, Kyle Larsen, Chip Martel, Lew Stansby |
| 2002 | 9 | Russ Ekeblad, Sheila Ekeblad, Jeff Meckstroth, Michael Seamon, Eric Rodwell, Mark Molson | 17 | Lou Ann O'Rourke, Roger Bates, Garey Hayden, Billy Miller, Marc Jacobus |
| 2003 | 21 | Rose Meltzer, Peter Weichsel, Hugh Ross, Kyle Larsen, Chip Martel, Lew Stansby | 9 | Larry Griffey, Spike Lay, Jeff Meckstroth, Eric Rodwell, Michael Seamon, Russ Ekeblad |
| 2004 | 9 | Jim Mahaffey, Michael Seamon, Gary Cohler, Barnet Shenkin, Jeff Meckstroth, Eric Rodwell | 16 | Malcolm Brachman, Bart Bramley, Sidney Lazard, Mike Passell, Eddie Wold |
| 2005 | 12 | Howard Perlman, Chuck Burger, Perry Johnson, Michael Zerbini | 9 | Jim Mahaffey, Barnet Shenkin, Eric Rodwell, Jeff Meckstroth, Michael Seamon, Gary Cohler |
| 2006 | 16 | Bob Hamman, Petra Hamman, Hemant Lall, Justin Lall, John Sutherlin, Peggy Sutherlin | 21 | Jan Martel, Chip Martel, JoAnna Stansby, Lew Stansby, Kit Woolsey, Sally Woolsey |
| 2007 | 9 | Mike Becker, Warren Spector, Larry N. Cohen, David Berkowitz, Jeff Meckstroth, Eric Rodwell | 24 | Glenn Milgrim, Chris Willenken, Roy Welland, Bobby Levin |
| 2008 | 9 | Mike Becker, Warren Spector, Larry N. Cohen, David Berkowitz, Jeff Meckstroth, Eric Rodwell | 25 | Doug Doub, Frank Merblum, John Stiefel, Lloyd Arvedon, Victor King, Sheila Gabay |
| 2009 | 21 | Rose Meltzer, Kyle Larsen, Chip Martel, Jan Martel, Kit Woolsey, Sally Woolsey | 24 | Joe Grue, John Hurd, Kevin Bathurst, Shane Blanchard, Bob Blanchard, Brian Glubok |
| 2010 | 11 | Walter Johnson, Doug Simson, Dennis Clerkin, Jerry Clerkin | 23 | Jill Meyers, Mitch Dunitz, Walter Schafer, Ed Davis |
| 2011 [4][5] |
9 | Warren Spector, Mike Becker, David Berkowitz, Gary Cohler, Jeff Meckstroth, Eric Rodwell | 6 | Steve Robinson, Peter Boyd, Steve Landen, Bill Pettis, Bill Cole, Beth Palmer |
[edit] Lower flights
In the Flight A final, Schaeffer (District 14) defeated Savchenko (D24) by 16 IMPs, 109–93. Both had won their semifinal matches easily.
In Flight B, the home team McIntosh (District 2) defeated Hung (D21) 148–93. In the 16-team knockout stage, they won four matches by 105, 45, 44, and 55 IMPs!
In Flight C, the home team Qian (District 2) defeated Hu (D13) 142–100. Hu had won three knockout matches by 164, 54, and 69 IMPs. Qian won its four matches by 81, 41, 91, and 42 IMPs![2]
| Year | dist | Winners | dist | Runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2001 | 17 | Merlin Vilhauer, Pam Stratton, Robert Johnson, Bruce Cuthbertson, Mark Litterman | 6 | Lyle Poe, Rusty Krauss, David Butler, Raphael Kahn, Barry Falgout, Mark Dahl |
| 2002 | 9 | Adrian Dovell, Patricia Dovell, John Moschella, John Brady, Bob Dennard, Brian Gunnell | 14 | Bob Balderson, Cindy Balderson, Kurt Schaeffer, Carole Miner |
| 2003 | 16 | Buddy Hanby, Sally Wheeler, Patricia Griffin, James Griffin | 5 | Niel Waletzky, Stan Dub, Don Sulgrove, Kathleen Sulgrove |
| 2004 | 6 | Sumner Steinfeldt, Marshall Kuschner, Hal Hindman, Mark Chen | 12 | Mark Leonard, Thomas Rozinski, Barry Lippitt, Richard Mydloski |
| 2005 | 7 | Jonathan Slaney, John Lowell, Jeff Ziemer, Robert Fendrick, Hugh Hughes, Gregory Roberts | 24 | Valentin Carciu, David Gurvich, Michael Lipkin, Ira Ewen, Sorin Pleacof |
| 2006 | 2 | Doug Baxter, Daniel Korbel, David Grainger, Danny Miles, Andy Stark | 16 | Charles Price, Mark Bumgardner, Stan Kohan, Greg Hinze, Marcus Poe, Tom Edwards |
| 2007 | 12 | Michael Alioto, Sheldon Kirsch, Barry Lippitt, Frank Sensoli, Robert Cappelli | 24 | Valentin Carciu, Michael Lipkin, David Gurvich, Sorin Pleacof, Ljudmila Kamenova |
| 2008 | 24 | James Scott, Harry Apfel, John Ramos, Kelley Hwang, Valentin Carciu, Sorin Pleacof | 11 | Sheryl Langner, Shan Au, Charles Kopp, Gregory Potts |
| 2009 | 23 | Chien Yao Tseng, John Ramos, David Kempe, Matt Klimesh | 19 | Dave Grubbs, Kevin Bolan, John Maki, Bill O'Brien |
| 2010 | 4 | Elliot Shalita, Andy Kaufman, Rick Olanoff, Doug Dye, Howard Cohen, Corey Krantz | 7 | Lance Shull, Audrey Ventura, Jon Rice, Doug Dey |
| 2011 [5] |
14 | Kurt Schaeffer, Kerry Holloway, Bjorgvin Kristinsson - Keith Connolly | 24 | Igor Savchenko, Ljudmila Kamenova, Doug Herron - Bill Begert, Valentin Carciu, Sorin Pleacof |
| Year | dist | Winners | dist | Runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1985 | Irving Goodman, Floyd Dyson, Leo Takelfman, Tim McPhail, Louis Richardson | Sally Grace, Linda Weinstein, Sharon Meng, Jennifer James, Jerry Poliquin, Robert Buchner | ||
| 1986 | Paul McGowan, George Towner, Winston Edwards, Regena Jones (replaced Lizzie Hepburn) | Ken Connell, Linda Connell, Carla Eisenhauer, S. K. Carruthers, Claire Jones, Dennis Nelson | ||
| 1987 | Dwight Hunt, Ed Horwitz, Ken Kadish, Claude LeFeuvre | Bob Webb, Pat Webb, Kevin Chen, Joseph Blalock | ||
| 1988 | Steven Beck, Michael Camp, Win Allegaert, Fred Chang | Jean Molnar, Michael Weber, Down Holmer, Walter Riddle, Joseph Rubin | ||
| 1989 | George Runyan, Tim Joder, Iype Koshy, Robert Dupont | Paul Nickerson, William Goldsmith, Denise Goldsmith, Cheryl Porter | ||
| 1990 | Judy Hughes, Karen Miller, Robert Seaholm, John Morano, Goutam Chakraborty, Krishnanand Maillacheruver | Jim Adams, John Edmunds, Dan Feldman, Larry Kahn, Usuf Ismail | ||
| 1991 | Mary Poplawski, Stanley Poplawski, William Smith, Barrett Raff | Bruce Norman, Fred Gitelman, Sheri Winestock, Geoff Hampson | ||
| 1992 | Otto Rothenberg, Richard Baumer, Arthur Haley, Bert Kulic | Nielih Cheng, Peter Kalat, Jeffery Allen, Carlos Munoz, Lp. P. Calahan, Bruce Platt | ||
| 1993 | Eric Greco, Philip Greco, Kefu Xu, Harry Zhou, David Better | Jack Jessop, Morrie Kleinplatz, Barry Onslow, Elaine Morrison | ||
| 1994 | Larry Crevier, Sylvain Descoteaux, Marc-Andre Fourcaudot, Frederic Pollack | Glen Holman, Eric Sutherland, Darren Wolpert, Hazel Wolpert | ||
| 1995 | Larry Crevier, Frederic Pollack, Sylvain Descoteaux, Marc-Andre Fourcaudot | Darren Wolpert, Hazel Wolpert, Gordon Brown, Sam Yoga | ||
| 1996 | David Green, Edward Lee, Chien Huang, Robert Johnson | David Walker, Roberts Moore, Jim Hawkins, Geoffrey Mallette | ||
| 1997 | Harold Jordan, Sigridur Kristjansdottir, Andy Kaufman, Greg Burch | Steve Albin, Elaine Pittius, Julia Ehlers, Mike McNamara | ||
| 1998 | Robert Latulippe, Rene Pelletier, Jocelyn Bernier, Richard Wildi, Jacques Carel, Herve Chatagnier | Richard Wegman, Kefu Xu, Yi Zhong, Weizhong Bao | ||
| 1999 | Henry Caspar, Tom Buttle, Claude King, Ringo Chung, Helen DeWild, Vinay Sarin | Dennis Thompson, Steve Albin, David Liss, Jack Brauner | ||
| 2000 | Michael Moffatt, Tai Eng, Insa Fricker, Gilbert Lambert | John Turner, Ralph Russo, Mark de Garcia, David Shipman | ||
| 2001 | Gary Moore, Chris Lubesnik, Kevin Bathurst, Lisa Liberati, Randolph Hammock, Ari Greenberg | 12 | Michael Alioto, Robert Cappelli, Frank Sensoli, Deborah DeWitt | |
| 2002 | Gary McDole, Fred Dischman, Chad Fisher, Larry Weatherholt | Barry Cohen, Nick Straguzzi, Bill Grosnick, Everett Young | ||
| 2003 | 6 | Hailong Ao, Jian-Jian Wang, Huailin Chen, Yi Zhong | 1 | Ovidiu Stanica, Rick Soderstrom, Jack Brown, Ron Zambonini |
| 2004 | 21 | Sathya Bettadapura, Jim Leuker, Bruce Tuttle, Shelley Lapkoff, Tanakorn Lavanakul | 14 | Jonathan Cohen, Charles Nauen, Mark Krusemeyer, Patti Stuhlman |
| 2005 | 21 | Li-Chung Chen, Chuck Wong, Clark Millikan, Alex Staykov, Samuel Ieong, Tanakorn Lavanakul | 8 | Jim Hudson, Meyer Abarbanel, Arbha Vongsvivut, Mike Giacaman |
| 2006 | 25 | Bernard Schneider, Frances Schneider, Allan Wolf, Russell Friedman | 5 | Dan Roseberry, John Bacon, John Tscholl, Jim Overcasher |
| 2007 | 21 | John Barth, Jiang Chen, Mike Develin, Nongyu Li | 25 | Robert McCaw, Florin Constantin, Gregory Ingolia, Lewis Gamerman |
| 2008 | 23 | Joseph Viola, Gerard Geremia, Matt Klimesh, David Kempe | 5 | Dian Petrov, Michael Ryan, Donna Steffan, James Gullo |
| 2009 | 11 | Beve Smith, John Clark, Danny Barnett, Lamar Hamilton | 23 | Robert C.F. Wang, Shiu-Ming Huang, Eric Tan, Frank Shih |
| 2010 | 14 | Eric Hendrickson, Paul Gutterman, Andy Caranicas, Richard Lawson | 15 | Paul Chan, Lily Chan, Mark De Garcia, Gregory Barnes |
| 2011 [5][1] |
2 | Craig Macintosh; John Cook - Aleksandar Vujic - Andrew Collins - Charles Halasi - David Halasi | 21 | Eugene Hung; Andrew Hoskins; Steve Chen - Sarah Chen |
| Year | dist | Winners | dist | Runners-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1991 | Bob Faskingbauer, Kenneth Wolf, Thomas Dressing, David Marker | Albert Tom, Dennis Erani, Valentin Carciu, David Marker | ||
| 1992 | Richard Unger, Charles Morrin, Andrew Ware, Martin Weiverka | J. Michael Hill, Kevin Kadmus, Carol Wisemiller, Marty Lobdale | ||
| 1993 | Stephen Arshan, Richard Ross, Feng Liu, Steve Pessin, George Shamy | Sardarsink Gohel, Jack Shartsis, Joyce Bell, Nathan Banker | ||
| 1994 | Jiabin Luo, Anil Kaushal, Sundar Atre, Zheng Zhang | Greg Bieber, Art Steinberg, Roman Shapiro, Betsy Wellington | ||
| 1995 | Nathaniel Thurston, Bill Chen, David Shao, Andrew Lewis | Jeff Jacob, Judi Hager, David Rosenstein, Yiping Wang | ||
| 1996 | 25 | Mark Edeburn, Susan Ostrowski, Dan Berlowitz, Joseph Seo | Mark DeGarcia, Marcus Rodhouse, Steven Erickson, Sheng-Hung Wang | |
| 1997 | Tim Barrett, Joe Grue, Joe Barrett, Chengwei Lee, Tom Monikowski | Curtis Ruder, Atul Rai, Dennis Affholter, Jonathan Davidson | ||
| 1998 | Jerzy Jelen, Marek Dalecki, Ted Ryll, Romuald Mindak, Wieslaw Kalita, Zbigniew Muszynski | Ed Williams, Kurt Dasher, Thomas Reband, Bill Gliesman | ||
| 1999 | Dave Hemmer, Jon Kurasch, Robert Alps, Roger Solomon | Bruce Scott, Tom Allen, Paul Hazzard, Jim Boardman | ||
| 2000 | Zbigniew Musznyski, Marian Kowalewski, Pavel Boruta, Robert Boruta, Michael Omielski, Eugenisz Babiarz | 25 | Barry Margolin, Suresh Adina, Leo Zelevinsky, Otis Bricker | |
| 2001 | Mark MacKenzie, Ron Sloan, Deen Hergott, David Gordon | David Ruppert, Michael Pearlman, Dan Moore, Walter Mitnick | ||
| 2002 | Stephen Tu, Steve Chen, Shih-Ming Shih, Paul Cornelius, Rajeev Gupta | Rohan Coelho, Todd Zimnoch, Ralph Henderson, Maurice Henderson | ||
| 2003 | 20 | Rohan Coelho, Ralph Henderson, Danny McGurl, David Castles | 13 | Tadeusz Szych, Jerzy Jelen, Wlodzimierz Lopalewski, Klaudsiusz Warbinski, Mike Potoczak, Lech Brzozowski |
| 2004 | 12 | Grigoriy Blekherman, Amy Kiefer, David Harty, Han Peters | 24 | Ryan Connors, Mark Dean, Daniel Wilderman, Helena McGahagan |
| 2005 | 2 | Bob Defreyne, Milt Payne, Paul Beischlag, Reginald Smith | 14 | Andy Caranicas, Jeremy Martin, Daniel Barrett, Shela Kim |
| 2006 | 19 | Kam Tang, Samuel Lai, Tao Feng, Jack Lee | 20 | Ivan Jen, Veronica Mathis, John Cissel, Daniel Rothwell |
| 2007 | 16 | George Keiller, Don Morgan, John Heath, Alan Dennis | 19 | Long Xie, Roy Li, Kai Zhou, Baixiang Liu |
| 2008 | 8 | Thomas O'Reilly-Pol, Debbie Romero, Jonathan Goldberg, Sandy Bigg | 23 | Lenard Lakofka, Alan Flower, Kevin Long, Aaron Craig |
| 2009 | 12 | Brian Wyman, Benjamin Weiss, Max Glick, Zachary Scherr, Zachary Wasserman | 16 | Brett Elliott, Harry Elliott, Robert Reichek, Byron Elliott, Herbert Kalman |
| 2010 | 11 | Ryan Schultz, David Camillus, Ambrish Bansal, Tom Terwilliger | 20 | Chris Poulos, Magid Shirzadegan, Anoush Shirzadegan, Brian Breckenridge |
| 2011 [5][6] |
2[1] | Kaiyu Qian; Qian Ren; Fred Li - Yuan Chen - Hang Zhang; Wensong Zhen | 13 | Ping Hu - Meiheng Shi; Shengke Wang - Huixin Pan |
[edit] See also
[edit] Sources
- ^ a b c 4 flights of the GNT: District 2 wins the "GNT Cup" (2011-07-22/25). By Kevin L. Bridge Winners. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
- ^ a b Summer 2011 NABC GNT Results. ACBL. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
- ^ 2011 GNT and LM Finals (2011-07-24(?)). Bridge Winners. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
- ^ SPECTOR Wins 2011 GNTs (2011-07-25). Bridge Winners. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
- ^ a b c d [GNT Qualifiers]. Rosters for the 16 teams in each flight who advanced to the knockout stage. ACBL. Retrieved 2011-09-22.
- ^ SPECTOR Wins 2011 GNTs (2011-07-25). Bridge Winners.
"ACBL - NABC Winners". acbl.com. ACBL. http://www.acbl.org/play/nabc-winners.html. Retrieved 17 July 2011.
List of previous winners for Championship Flight and Flight A, Pages 8, 9 (PDF) Daily Bulletin, 81-1, July 24, 2009, http://www.acbl.org/nabc/2009/02/bulletins/db1.pdf
List of previous winners for Flight B and Flight C, Pages 6, 7 (PDF) Daily Bulletin, 81-2, July 25, 2009, http://www.acbl.org/nabc/2009/02/bulletins/db2.pdf
2009 winners, Page 1 (PDF) Daily Bulletin, 81-4, July 27, 2009, http://www.acbl.org/nabc/2009/02/bulletins/db4.pdf
2010 winners, Page 1 (PDF) Daily Bulletin, 82, 26 July 2010, http://www.acbl.org/nabc/2010/02/bulletins/db4.pdf
