Ongole
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Ongole | |||
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| Coordinates | 15°30′N 80°03′E / 15.5°N 80.05°E | ||
| Country |  India |
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| State | Andhra Pradesh | ||
| District(s) | Prakasam | ||
| Population | 300,000.
population_density = (2007[update]) |
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| Sex ratio | 979:1000 ♂/♀ | ||
| Time zone | IST (UTC+5:30) | ||
| Area • Elevation |
• 10 m (33 ft) |
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Ongole (Telugu: ఒంగోలు), is a large town and a municipality in Prakasam district in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is the administrative headquarters of Prakasam District.
Ongole is famous for its Ongolu Gitta (Ongole breed of oxen)[1] which are considered virile and of superior stock. This is one of the major Zebu cattle breeds in the world. Ongole and Prakasam region is a major centre for Tobacco production and Aqua culture in India.
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[edit] History
The town's history goes back to the era of the Mauryas, and Satavahanas who ruled most of present day Andhra Pradesh. A few inscriptions dating to the Satavahana period were found in a village called Chinna Ganjam, near Ongole. After the Satavahanas, this place came into the limelight again during the Kakatiya dynasty. At that time the nearby towns of Motupalli Voda Revu and Kottapatnam served as major seaports.
[edit] Geography
Ongole is located at 15°30′N 80°03′E / 15.5°N 80.05°E.[2] It has an average elevation of 10 m (33 ft) AMSL.
[edit] Climate
- Winter: December To February
- Summer: March to June
- South West Monsoons - July to September
- North East Monsoons - October to November
- Rain storms and cyclones are common in the region during the rainy season, which starts with the monsoons in early June. The cyclones could occur any time of the year, but commonly between August and November hello.
[edit] Demographics
As of 2001[update] India census,[3] Ongole had a population of 149,589. Ongole has grown in its size to a great extent in the last decade. Currently the city is estimated to have population of around 3,60,000. Males constitute 51% of the population and females 49%. Ongole has an average literacy rate of 72%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 78%, and female literacy is 66%. In Ongole, 9% of the population is under 6 years of age.
[edit] Economy
The commerce of Ongole was largely started by agricultural families within Prakasam district. Ongole is one of the major centres for tobacco trading in Andhra Pradesh.
During 72's and 80's many enterprises were setup in small scale manufacturing like shoes, paints, PVC, pharmaceuticals etc. But, majority of these had their run and did not survive their competitors from other parts of Andhra Pradesh or out of state. This happened despite the fact that some of these companies are early adopters/manufacturers of the products in the coastal districts of AP. One reason could be that capital/human resources availability as well as lack of business leadership availability for these entrepreneurs.
80's and 90's saw proliferation of hospitals and educational institutions (Secondary School, Intermediate). The later 90's saw the advent of Granite Industry. The availability of Black Galaxy granite nearby has resulted in the proliferation of granite mining, stone cutting and polishing unit companies around Ongole, India.
Ongole is a district headquarters of Prakasam District.Over the years it has developed into a city with good schools and colleges. Lately, the quality of education has become quite good and is comparable to that of most cities in the state. With the advent of reforms in the educational sector, a few private engineering and medical colleges have been set up in the city.
Recently real estate prices have gone through the roof. In areas like Bhagyanagar prices are so high that one journalist called it the Banjara hills of coastal Andhra.
[edit] Ongole Bull
Ongole is famous for the breed of bulls in that area. Ongole bulls have gone as far as America, Holland, Malaysia, Brazil, Argentina, Columbia, Mexico, Paraguay, Indonesia, West Indies, Australia, Fiji, Mauritius, Indo-China and Philippines. The Brahmana bull in America is an off-breed of the Ongole. An Island in Malaysia where there are many Ongoles is named as Ongole Island. The population of Ongole off-breed in Brazil is said to be around several millions. During the time of Rev. Clough of Ongole, an Ongole bull named Potu Ramudu owned by Sri Potu Venkatadri Naidu was reported1 to have gone to Holland. It is said that in the WageningenAgriculturalUniversity in Holland, a commemorative plaque exists with the name and image of Potu Ramudu. The mascot of the 2002 Indian National Games was Veera1, an Ongole Bull. The original breed of Ongole stud bulls are found in a small region around Ongole town between rivers Gundlakamma, and Musi. Ongole bulls are the pride of India for they are unequivocally world class.
Short horned Ongole bulls exactly look like Nandi sculptures seen in any Temple of Lord Shiva. Further Ongoles are phylogenetically related to Tharparkar breed of North Western India and Sind area of Pakistan where the Indus Valley Civilization [IVC] thrived approximately between 8000 to 2000 years Before Christ. Going by the theory that IVC was initiated by Dravidians, it is not unlikely that Ongoles evolved into Tharparkars.
==Parliament constituency==
Ongole is a Parliament constituency in Andhra Pradesh.
List of Elected Members:[4]
First - 1952-57 Pisupati Venkata Raghavaiah (CPI) Second - 1957-62 R. Narapa Reddy (Congress) Third - 1962-67 M. N. Swamy (CPI) Fourth - 1967-71 K. Jaggaiah (Congress) Fifth - 1971-77 P. Ankineedu Prasada Rao (Congress) Sixth - 1977-80 Puli Venkata Reddy (Congress) Seventh - 1980-84 Puli Venkata Reddy (Congress) Eighth - 1984-89 Bezawada Papi Reddy (TDP) Ninth - 1989-91 Mekapati Rajmohan Reddy (Congress) Tenth - 1991-96 Magunta Subbarami Reddy (Congress) Eleventh - 1996-98 Magunta Parvathamma Reddy (Congress) Twelfth - 1998-99 Magunta Srinivasula Reddy (Congress) Thirteenth - 1999-04 Karanam Balarama Krishna Murthy (TDP) Fourteenth - 2004-09 Magunta Sreenivasulu Reddy (Congress) Fifteenth - 2009-Present- Magunta Sreenivasulu Reddy (Congress)
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[edit] Assembly constituency
Ongole is an assembly constituency in Andhra Pradesh.
List of Elected Members:[5]
- 1955 - Tanguturi Prakasam Panthulu and Telluri Jiyyardas.[6]
- 1962 - Bollineni Venkata Lakshmi Narayana
- 1967 - C.R. Reddy
- 1972 and 1978 - Srungarapu Jeevaratnam Naidu
- 1983 and 1985 - Panugupati Koteswara Rao
- 1989 - Bachala Balaiah
- 1994 - Edara Hari Babu
- 1999 - present - Balineni Srinivasa Reddy
[edit] References
- ^ Ongole Breed cattle
- ^ Falling Rain Genomics, Inc - Ongole
- ^ "Census of India 2001: Data from the 2001 Census, including cities, villages and towns (Provisional)". Census Commission of India. Archived from the original on 2004-06-16. http://web.archive.org/web/20040616075334/http://www.censusindia.net/results/town.php?stad=A&state5=999. Retrieved 2008-11-01.
- ^ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ongole_(Lok_Sabha_constituency)
- ^ Election Commission of India.APAssembly results.1978-2004
- ^ Election Commission of India.APAssembly results.1955
7. http://www.fao.org/ag/aga/agap/FRG/FEEDback/War/v0600b/v0600b04.htm
[edit] External links
- www.OngoleInfo.com
- www.Ongole.in
- ongole information
- http://www.manaongole.com
- http://www.eongole.com
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