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Osmanoğlu family

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Osmanoğlu family
Place of originOttoman Empire
Current headHarun Osman
MembersSee Ottoman dynasty
Connected familiesMuhammad Ali dynasty
DistinctionsRuling dynasty
TraditionsSunni Islam

The Osmanoğlu family are the members of the historical House of Osman (the Ottoman dynasty), which was the namesake and sole ruling house of the Ottoman Empire from 1299 until the establishment of the Republic of Turkey in 1923.

There were 36 Ottoman sultans who ruled over the Empire, and each one was a direct descendant through the male line of the first Ottoman Sultan, Sultan Osman I. After the deposition of the last Sultan, Mehmed VI, in 1922, and the subsequent abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate in 1924, members of the Imperial family were forced into exile. Their descendants now live in many different countries throughout Europe, as well as in the United States, the Middle East, and since they have now been permitted to return to their homeland, many now also live in Turkey. When in exile, the family adopted the surname of Osmanoğlu,[citation needed] meaning "son of Osman", after the founder of the House of Osman and direct ancestor of all current family members.

Heads of the House of Osman since 1923

The Ottoman dynasty was exiled from Turkey in 1924.[1] The female members of the dynasty were allowed to return after 1951,[1] and the male members after 1973.[2] Below is a list of people who would have been heirs to the Ottoman throne following the abolition of the sultanate on 1 November 1922.[2] These people have not necessarily made any claim to the throne; for example Ertuğrul Osman said "Democracy works well in Turkey.".[3]

  • Mehmed VI, last Ottoman Sultan (1918–1922) then 36th Head of the House of Osman in exile (1922–1926).[2]
  • Abdulmejid II, cousin of Mehmed VI. Last Ottoman Caliph (1922–1924) then 37th Head of the House of Osman following Mehmed VI Vahideddin's death (1926–1944).[2]
  • Ahmed Nihad, 38th Head of the House of Osman (1944–1954), grandson of Sultan Murad V.[2]
  • Osman Fuad, 39th Head of the House of Osman (1954–1973), half-brother of Ahmed IV Nihad.[2]
  • Mehmed Abdulaziz, 40th Head of the House of Osman (1973–1977), grandson of Sultan Abdülaziz I.[2]
  • Ali Vâsib, 41st Head of the House of Osman (1977–1983), son of Ahmed IV Nihad.[2]
  • Mehmed Orhan, 42nd Head of the House of Osman (1983–1994), grandson of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.[4]
  • Ertuğrul Osman, 43rd Head of the House of Osman (1994–2009), grandson of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.[3] He is known in Turkey as "the Last Ottoman".
  • Bayezid Osman, 44th Head of the House of Osman (2009–2017), great-grandson of Sultan Abdulmejid I.[5]
  • Dündar Ali Osman, 45th Head of the House of Osman (2017–2021), great-grandson of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.
  • Harun Osman, 46th Head of the House of Osman (2021–present), great-grandson of Sultan Abdul Hamid II.

Resurgence of interest in the Ottoman family

Family members including Şehzade Ömer Faruk and Sabiha Sultan

Since the turn of the 21st century there has been a growing interest in the living members of the Ottoman family, both within Turkey and abroad.[6]

In 2006, family members met at Dolmabahçe Palace for the presentation of the documentary Osmanoğlu'nun Sürgünü (The Ottomans' Exile) produced by TRT (Turkish Radio and Television Corporation).[7] This documentary followed the stories of the members of the Ottoman family who went into exile in 1924, following the establishment of the Turkish Republic and the abolition of the Ottoman Caliphate. It then follows the stories of their descendants, who now live in Turkey, Europe, North America, and throughout the Middle East. Extensive coverage of this event, and the success of the documentary series has dramatically raised the profile of the Imperial Family.[6][8]

According to the New York Times, historians said that the show of reverence at the funeral of Imperial Prince Ertuğrul Osman in September 2009 was a "seminal moment in the rehabilitation of the Ottoman Empire".[9]

An interview with Imperial Prince Mahmud by the Anatolian News Agency was published in several publications in Turkey and the UK. A Sultan's descendant in the heart of London

Turkish citizenship

Without exception, all high-ranking members of the Imperial Ottoman family were exiled in 1924. Most had never left their homeland before, and all were forced to make a new life abroad. The family departed from Sirkeci railway station, and would disperse across Europe, the United States and the Middle East. In exile, the family lived in poverty.[10] As the former Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI Vahideddin had settled in San Remo, many members of the family congregated in the South of France. After living in Switzerland for a short time, the last Caliph of Islam, Imperial Prince (Şehzade) Abdulmecid II, also moved to the French Riviera, settling in Nice. The Turkish Republic had issued the exiled Ottoman family members with travel documents but they were only valid for one year. Therefore, by 1925 members of the family were no longer able to travel. Prince (Şehzade) Ali Vâsib Efendi appealed to the French Government and succeeded in obtaining courtesy passports for them. The French Government also issued passports to the children of the members of the family who were born in exile. In the years since the exile was lifted in 1973, many members of the Ottoman family have obtained Turkish citizenship and hold Turkish passports.[citation needed]

Imperial Princes (Şehzades) of the House of Osman

The formal way of addressing the male descendants of the Ottoman Sultans is Devletlu Necabetlu Şehzade Sultan (given name) Hazretleri Efendi, i.e. Sultan Imperial Prince (given name). According to genealogies of the House of Osman, had the Sultanate not been abolished, there would be twenty-five Imperial Princes in the line of succession after Dundar Ali Osman (2017-2021), the late head of the family.[11][12][13] The succession law used is agnatic seniority, with the succession passing to eldest male dynast.[14]

  1. Şehzade Harun Osman Efendi (b. 1932) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  2. Şehzade Osman Selaheddin Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1940) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I, and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  3. Şehzade Ömer Abdülmecid Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1941) (descendant of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi and Mahmud Namık)[11][12][13][16]
  4. Şehzade Mehmed Ziyaeddin Efendi (b. 1947) (descendant of Mehmed V)[11][12][13][15][16]
  5. Şehzade Roland Selim Kadir Efendi (b. 1949) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  6. Şehzade Selim Djem Efendi (b. 1955) (descendant of Abdülmecid I)[11][12][13][14][16]
  7. Şehzade Orhan İbrahim Suleiman Saadeddin Efendi (b. 1959) (descendant of Abdülaziz I)[11][12][13][14][16]
  8. Şehzade Orhan Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1963) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  9. Şehzade Eric Mehmed Ziyaeddin Nazim Efendi (b. 1966) (descendant of Mehmed V)[11][12][13][16]
  10. Şehzade Orhan Murad Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1972) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I, and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  11. Şehzade Francis Mahmud Namık Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1975) (descendant of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi and Mahmud Namık)[11][12][13][16]
  12. Şehzade René Osman Abdul Kadir Efendi (b. 1975) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  13. Şehzade Daniel Adrian Abdulhamid Kadir Efendi (b. 1977) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  14. Şehzade Abdulhamid Kayıhan Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1979) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  15. Şehzade Selim Süleyman Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1979) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV , and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[11][12][13][14][16]
  16. Şehzade Nazım Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1985) (descendant of Mehmed V)[11][12][13][16]
  17. Şehzade Yavuz Selim Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 1989) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  18. Şehzade Turan Djem Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2004) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV )[11][12][13][16]
  19. Şehzade Tamer Nihad Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2006) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV )[11][12][13][16]
  20. Şehzade Muhammed Harun Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2007) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13]
  21. Şehzade Batu Bayezid Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2008) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV )[11][12][13][16]
  22. Şehzade Ziyaeddin Reşad Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2012) (descendant of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi and Mahmud Namık)[11][12][13][16]
  23. Şehzade Cem Ömer Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2015) (descendant of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi and Mahmud Namık)[11][12][13][16]
  24. Şehzade Abdülaziz Osmanoğlu Efendi (b. 2016) (grand son of Harun Osman and descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13]

Imperial Princesses (Sultanas) of the House of Osman

The formal way of addressing the female descendants of the Ottoman Sultans is Devletlû İsmetlu (given name) Sultân Aliyyetü'ş-Şân Hazretleri, i.e. Sultana (given name). According to genealogies of the House of Osman, had the Sultanate not been abolished, there would be fourteen Sultanas:

  1. Margot Leyla Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1947) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  2. Nilüfer Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1953) (descendant of Abdülmecid I)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  3. Perihan Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1963) (descendant of Abdülaziz)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  4. Ayşe Louise Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1964) (descendant of Mehmed V)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  5. Gülhan Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1968) (descendant of Abdülaziz)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  6. Ayşe Gülnev Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1971) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I, and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[11][12][13][16]
  7. Nurhan Eva Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1970) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  8. Nilhan Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1987) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  9. Zoe Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1988) (descendant of Mehmed V)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  10. Suzan Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1997, Holland) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][15][16]
  11. Ridwan Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1998) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][15]
  12. Berna Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 1999) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  13. Asyahan Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 2004) (descendant of Abdul Hamid II)[11][12][13][14][16]
  14. Esma Emira Osmanoğlu Sultan (b. 2015) (descendant of Murad V through Ahmed IV and Ali I, and of Mehmed V through Ömer Hilmi)[11][12][13][16]

Family trees

Family tree of the branch of the Ottoman dynasty descending from Abdülaziz

Line of descent from Sultan Abdülaziz

Family tree of the branch of the Ottoman dynasty descending from Murad V

Family tree showing descent from Murad V

Family tree of the branch of the Ottoman dynasty descending from Abdulhamid II

Family tree showing line of descent from Sultan Abdulhamid II

Family tree of the branch of the Ottoman dynasty descending from Mehmed V Rashad

Family tree showing descent from Sultan Mehmed V Reshad

Family tree of the branch of the Ottoman dynasty descending from Mehmed VI Vahdeddin

Family tree of the branch of the Ottoman dynasty descending from Mehmed IV Vahiddeddin

Family tree of the branch of the Ottoman dynasty descending from Caliph Abdulmecid

Family tree showing descent from Caliph Abdulmecid

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Brookes, Douglas (2008). The concubine, the princess, and the teacher: voices from the Ottoman harem. University of Texas Press. pp. 278, 285. ISBN 9780292783355. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h Opfell, Olga (2001). Royalty who wait: the 21 heads of formerly regnant houses of Europe. McFarland. pp. 146, 151. ISBN 9780786450572. Retrieved 14 April 2011.
  3. ^ a b Bernstein, Fred. “Ertugrul Osman, Link to Ottoman Dynasty, Dies at 97”, The New York Times (24 September 2009).
  4. ^ Pope, Hugh. "Oldest Ottoman to come home at last", The Independent (22 July 1992).
  5. ^ "'Osmanoğulları'na insanlık şehadet edecek' Archived 14 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine", Zaman (27 September 2009).
  6. ^ a b Bilefsky, Dan (4 December 2009). "Turkey Reveling in Its Past". The New York Times.
  7. ^ Akgüneş, Gürkan 2006 "Şehzadeler sarayda buluştu" Milliyet Retrieved 2011-07-20
  8. ^ 2006 "2006 yılından hanedanın bir videosu" Ottoman Dynasty Foundation Retrieved 2011-07-20
  9. ^ Bilefsky, Dan 2009-12-4 "Frustrated with the West, Turks Revel in Empire Lost" New York Times Retrieved 2011-07-20
  10. ^ "The Ottoman caliphate: Worldly, pluralist, hedonistic—and Muslim, too". The Economist. 19 December 2015. Retrieved 26 December 2015.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am "Hayatta Olan Şehzadeler". Foundation of the Ottoman Dynasty. Archived from the original on 25 February 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
  12. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am "Osmanlı Hanedanı vakıf çatısı altında toplanıyor". Sabah. 13 September 2010. Archived from the original on 25 March 2012. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  13. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am İbrahim Pazan (15 September 2009). "Osmanoğullarının yeni reisi Osman Bayezid Efendi". Netgazete. Retrieved 16 April 2011.
  14. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Almanach de Gotha (184th ed.). Almanach de Gotha. 2000. pp. 365, 912–915.
  15. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Burke's Royal Families of the World (2 ed.). Burke's Peerage. 1980. p. 247.
  16. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai "Current Living Şehzades". Official Ottoman Family Website. Archived from the original on 25 February 2011. Retrieved 15 April 2011.
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