Reprise

For other uses, see Reprise (disambiguation).

Reprise( /rəˈpriːz/ rə-PREEZ; from French) is a fundamental device in the history of art. In literature, a reprise consists of the rewriting of another work; in music, a reprise is the repetition or reiteration of the opening material later in a composition as occurs in the recapitulation of sonata form, though—originally in the 18th century—was simply any repeated section, such as is indicated by beginning and ending repeat signs.

In fencing

A reprise is to recover forward from a lunge into another lunge often used in combination with a feint to deceive an opponent or against an opponent who retreats rapidly without counter attacking or establishing right of way in foil or sabre fencing.

In music

In musical theatre, a reprise is any repetition of an earlier song or theme, usually with changed lyrics to reflect the development of the story. Also, it is common for songs sung by the same character or regarding the same narrative motif to have similar tunes and lyrics, or incorporate similar tunes and lyrics. For example, in the stage version of Les Misérables, a song of the primary antagonist ("Javert's Suicide") is similar in lyrics and exactly the same in tune to a soliloquy of the protagonist when he was in a similar emotional state ("What Have I Done?"). At the end of the song, an instrumental portion is played from an earlier soliloquy of the antagonist, in which he was significantly more confident. Les Misérables in general reprises many musical themes.

Often the reprised version of a song has the exact same tune and lyrics as the original, though frequently featuring different characters singing or including them with the original character in the reprised version. For example, in The Sound of Music, the reprise of the title song is sung by the Von Trapp children and their father, the Captain; whereas the original was sung by Maria. In Edelweiss (reprise), the entire Von Trapp family and Maria sing and are later joined by the audience, whereas the original features Liesl and the Captain.

Also, in the musical The Music Man, the love song "Goodnight My Someone" uses the same basic melody (though with a more ballad quality to it) as the rousing march and theme song "Seventy-Six Trombones". And in Jerome Kern and Oscar Hammerstein II's Show Boat, the song "Ol' Man River" is reprised three times after it is first sung, as if it were a commentary on the situation in the story. In some musicals, a reprise of an earlier song is sung by a different character from the one who originally sang it, with different lyrics.

Examples of song reprises

Reprise can also refer to a version of a song which is similar to, yet different from, the song on which it is based.

• The Grateful Dead Frequently used "reprise" in several songs during their live shows. Extensive touring of over 30 years helped them pioneer this technique, which is difficult to get right. Playing in the Band often would be used as a jumping off point to a jam and several other tunes. Often played in the 2nd set it would sum up a suite of songs with a "Playing in the Band reprise", sometimes after 6-7 consecutive songs. Another form of this would be "The Other One" where the band would play the first section of the song and use it as a jumping off point for a jam. After the jam resolved it would often lead into other Dead tunes and at some point they would work their way back into a jam and go back into "The Other One".^{[citation needed]}

Here is an example of a typical set set list of Dead songs. A ">" indicates a seamless transition from one song to another: Grateful Dead Hartford Civic Center May 28, 1977 Estimated Prophet> Playin' in the Band> Terrapin Station> Not Fade Away> Wharf Rat> Playin' in the Band(Reprise)^{[citation needed]}

• The song "Time" by Pink Floyd is a reprise of their own "Breathe In The Air".^{[citation needed]}
• One of the Phish epic songs "Tweezer" is commonally played at the end of the same set or in the encore of the same show in a shorter funkier version called "Tweezer Reprise" or Twee-prise in slang. Both songs can be found on the album A Picture of Nectar.^{[citation needed]}
• The Beatles had both "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band" and "Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (Reprise)" on their 1967 album Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band.^{[citation needed]}
• Another example is Pink Floyd and their album The Dark Side of the Moon; the track "Breathe" is the second part of the first track on the album and its basic melodic structure is used as a coda for the song "Time", albeit with different lyrics. This is listed as "Breathe Reprise" on several lyrics booklets.^{[citation needed]}
• Yet another example is the Eagles song "Doolin-Dalton/Desperado" at the end of their 1974 album Desperado.^{[citation needed]}
• Triumph's album Rock 'N' Roll Machine featured the song "Street Fighter" and the more mellow "Street Fighter (Reprise)".^{[citation needed]}
• The Offspring's 1994 album Smash has a reprise of their "Come Out and Play" that can be heard at the end of the final track of the album. It is also appears as an "acoustic reprise" on the CD version of the single.^{[citation needed]}
• On the Dave Matthews Band album Before These Crowded Streets a reprise of the third track, "The Last Stop", can be heard at the end of the final track of the album.^{[citation needed]}
• Also from the Dave Matthews Band, the song "Lie In Our Graves" has had past live performances of the song where the end was cut. There were a handful of shows in 2007 where the end was played later in the show, thus having the band play a reprise of the song. The end of the song is often confused as a reprise by people who do not understand the definition of the word.^{[citation needed]}
• The ska punk band Sublime has a reprise of their "What I Got" on the 16th track of their self-titled 3rd album.^{[citation needed]}
• Dream Theater's sixth studio album Six Degrees of Inner Turbulence has "About to Crash" and its reprise: "About to Crash (Reprise)".^{[citation needed]}
• Anastacia's 2nd album Freak of Nature features "Overdue Goodbye" and its reprise: "Overdue Goodbye (Reprise)".^{[citation needed]}
• Oasis's 3rd album Be Here Now contains a instrumental reprise of "All Around The World" as the closing track, where a longer version with vocals appears earlier in the album.^{[citation needed]}
• In Pearl Jam's eighth album Pearl Jam, the song "Life Wasted" is modified and added as "Wasted Reprise".^{[citation needed]}
• In the 2007 album Soundboy Rock by Groove Armada, the track "What's Your Version?" is given a reprise.^{[citation needed]}
• The punk band NOFX in their 2006 album Wolves in Wolves' Clothing had a reprise of the song "60%" entitled "60% (Reprise)".^{[citation needed]}
• The Queens of the Stone Age song "Feel Good Hit of the Summer" from their 2000 album Rated R was given a reprise.^{[citation needed]}
• The Prodigy also included a reprise of their song "Omen" on their album Invaders Must Die.^{[citation needed]}
• Local H performs a reprise on their new album 12 Angry Months. They begin with the song "The One With 'Kid'", and at the end of the last track "Hand To Mouth" the intro to "The One With 'Kid'" is played again.^{[citation needed]}
• Pantera's album The Great Southern Trendkill opens with the title track and ends with the song "Sandblasted Skin (Reprise)", the latter revisits the theme of trends viewed in the title track at the beginning of the album.^{[citation needed]}
• In 30 Seconds to Mars' album This Is War, the same choir appears through-out the album.^{[citation needed]}
• In Pete Namlook's album Air V - Jeux Dangereux, the track 2 is the title track and the album finishes with "Jeux Dangereux (Reprise)".^{[citation needed]}
• "Gaston (Reprise)" follows after the song "Gaston" in the Disney film "Beauty and the Beast", just as does "Belle (Reprise)" follow after the song "Belle" in the same film.^{[citation needed]}
• "Prince Ali (Reprise)" follows "Prince Ali" in "Aladdin", just like "One Jump Ahead (Reprise)" follows "One Jump Ahead".
• The Second side of Men Without Hats' album Rhythm of Youth begins with "The Great Ones Remember" and closes with "Great Ones Remember (Reprise)".^{[citation needed]}
• The Pet Shop Boys used a reprise of Opportunities (Let's Make Lots of Money) on their 1986 album Please, entitled "Opportunities (reprise).^{[citation needed]}
• The fourth studio album, Full of Elevating Pleasures by Japanese Industrial Rock band Boom Boom Satellites, features the track "Anthem (Reprise)" as the 10th track.^{[citation needed]}
• In Tally Hall's album, "Good and Evil", the song, "A Lady" is a reprise of the album's second track, "&."^{[citation needed]}

See also

• Cover version, a new version of orginiated by a different artist.
• Repetition (music)