Richard Upjohn
| Richard Upjohn | |
|---|---|
 A bird's-eye view of Trinity Church in 1912. |
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| Born | 22 January 1802 Shaftesbury, England |
| Died | 16 August 1878 (aged 76) Putnam County, New York |
| Work | |
| Buildings | Trinity Church in New York City Edward King House in Newport St. Paul's Cathedral in Buffalo |
Richard Upjohn (22 January 1802 - 16 August 1878) was an English-born architect who emigrated to the United States and became most famous for his Gothic Revival churches. He was partially responsible for launching the movement to such popularity in the United States. Upjohn also did extensive work in and helped to popularize the Italianate style. He was a founder and the first president of the American Institute of Architects. His son, Richard Mitchell Upjohn was also a well-known architect and served as a partner in his architectural firm in New York.[1][2]
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[edit] Biography
Richard Upjohn was born in Shaftesbury, England, where he was apprenticed to a builder and cabinet-maker. He eventually became a master-mechanic. He and his family emigrated to the United States in 1829. They initially settled in New Bedford, Massachusetts and then moved on to Boston in 1833, where he worked in architectural design.[2] He became a naturalized citizen of the United States in 1836.[3] His first major project was for entrances to Boston Common and his first church would be St. John's Episcopal Church in Bangor, Maine. He had relocated to New York by 1839 where he worked on alterations to Trinity Church. The alterations were later abandoned and he was commissioned to design a new church, completed in 1846. He published his extremely influential book, Upjohn's rural architecture: Designs, working drawings and specifications for a wooden church, and other rural structures, in 1852. The designs in this publication were widely used across the country by builders, with many examples remaining.[1]
Upjohn, along with 13 other architects, co-founded the American Institute of Architects on February 23, 1857. He served as president of that organization from 1857 to 1876, being succeeded by Thomas Ustick Walter. He went on the design many buildings in a variety of styles. He died at his home in Garrison, New York in 1878. Architectural drawings and papers by Upjohn and other family members are held by the Drawings and Archives Department of Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library at Columbia University, New York Public Library's Humanities and Social Sciences Library, Manuscripts and Archives division, and by the Library of Congress Prints & Photographs Division.[2]
He died on 16 August 1878 in Putnam County, New York of "softening of the brain".[4]
[edit] Veneration
Upjohn is honored together with Ralph Adams Cram and John LaFarge with a feast day on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on December 16.
[edit] Projects
Notable projects included:
- William Rotch, Jr. House in New Bedford, Massachusetts (1834)
- Abiel Smith School, Boston, Massachusetts (1835)[5]
- St. John's Episcopal Church in Bangor, Maine (1835–36, burned 1911)
- Trinity Church in New York City (1839–46)
- Kingscote in Newport, Rhode Island (1839)
- The Church of the Ascension in New York City (1840–41)
- Christ Church, Cobble Hill, Brooklyn (1841–42)
- St. Thomas Episcopal Church, Newark, Delaware (ca. 1843)
- Edward King House in Newport, Rhode Island (1845–47)
- Grace Church, Providence, Rhode Island (1845; with Cram, Goodhue & Ferguson)
- Christ Church (Canaan, Connecticut) (1845-46)
- St. Mary's Episcopal Church in Burlington, New Jersey (1846–54)
- Christ Episcopal Church in Raleigh, North Carolina (1846–48)
- St. Mary's Episcopal Church in Portsmouth, Rhode Island (1847)
- Grace Church in Newark, New Jersey (1847–48)
- 70-72 Mount Vernon Street, Boston, Massachusetts (1847–1848)[6]
- Lindenwald in Kinderhook, New York (1849)
- St. Thomas Episcopal Church, Amenia Union, New York (1849–51)
- St. Paul's Cathedral in Buffalo, New York (1849–51)
- Zion Episcopal Church in Rome, New York (1850–1851)
- Church of St. John in the Wilderness, Copake Falls, New York (1852)
- The Grove (Cold Spring, New York) (1852–53)
- St. John Chrysostom Church in Delafield, Wisconsin (1851–56)
- Dorchester County Courthouse and Jail in Cambridge, Maryland (1853)
- Madison Square Presbyterian Church in New York City (1854)
- Christ Church (Binghamton, New York) in Binghamton, New York (1853–1855)
- St. Paul's Protestant Episcopal Church in Baltimore, Maryland (1854)
- All Saint's Episcopal Church in Frederick, Maryland (1855)
- St. Mary's Episcopal Chapel in Raleigh, North Carolina (1855)
- St. James Episcopal Church in Muncy, Pennsylvania (1856)
- Christ Episcopal Church, Marlboro, New York (1858)
- St. Mark's Episcopal Church (San Antonio, Texas) (1858)
- Trinity Chapel, Far Rockaway, Queens, New York (1858)
- Kenworthy Hall in Marion, Alabama (1858–60)
- St. Peter's Episcopal Church in Albany, New York (1859)
- Church of the Holy Comforter in Poughkeepsie, New York (1860)
- St. Philip's Church in the Highlands in Garrison, New York (1860–61)
- St. Stephen's Episcopal Church in Providence, Rhode Island (1860–62)
- Memorial Church of St. Luke The Beloved Physician, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (1861)
- Trinity-St. Paul's Episcopal Church (New Rochelle, New York) (1862)
- St. John' Chapel Hobart College, Geneva New York (1863)
- All Saint's Memorial Church in Navesink, New Jersey (1863–64)
- Immanuel Episcopal Church, Bellows Falls, Vermont (1863–67)
- Church of the Covenant in Boston, Massachusetts (1865–1867)[7]
- St. Luke's Episcopal Church in Scranton, Pennsylvania (1867)
- Saint Thomas Church in New York City (1870, burned 1905)
- St. Paul's Episcopal Church in Selma, Alabama (1871–75)
- Boston Common cast-iron railing fence design, Boston, Massachusetts [8]
- Green-wood Cemetery North Gate Screen (1860s) and the Pierrepont Family tomb (c.1860) in Green-wood Cemetery, Brooklyn, New York[9]
- Edwin A. Stevens Hall in Hoboken, New Jersey (1870)
- St. Mark's Cathedral, Salt Lake City Episcopal Church (1870)
[edit] References
- ^ a b Doumato, Lamia. Richard Upjohn, Richard Michell Upjohn, and the Gothic Revival in America. Monticello, Ill: Vance Bibliographies, 1984. ISBN 0-89028-128-9
- ^ a b c Upjohn, Everard M. Richard Upjohn, Architect and Churchman. New York: Columbia University Press, 1939.
- ^ Murray, Christopher John (2004). Encyclopedia of the romantic era, 1760-1850, Volume 2. New York & London: Fitzroy Dearborn. p. 1175. ISBN 1579584225.
- ^ "Richard Upjohn, Architect" (PDF). New York Times. 16 August 1878. http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?_r=1&res=9F0CEFDA143EE63BBC4052DFBE668383669FDE&oref=slogin. Retrieved 2008-07-17. "Richard Upjohn, one of the oldest and most prominent church architects of this country, died on Friday, in the seventy-seventh year of his ago. ..."
- ^ Susan and Michael Southworth, AIA Guide to Boston, Third Edition, (Guildford, Connecticut: Global Professional Publishing, 2008), p.41.
- ^ Susan and Michael Southworth, AIA Guide to Boston, Third Edition, (Guildford, Connecticut: GPP, 2008), p.27.
- ^ Susan and Michael Southworth, AIA Guide to Boston, Third Edition, (Guildford, Connecticut: Global Professional Publishing, 2008), p.199.
- ^ Susan and Michael Southworth, AIA Guide to Boston, Third Edition, (Guildford, Connecticut: Global Professional Publishing, 2008), p.265.
- ^ Alexandra Kathryn Mosca, Green-Wood Cemetery. Images of America series. (Charleston, SC: Arcadia Publishing, 2008), p.11
[edit] External links
Media related to Richard Upjohn at Wikimedia Commons
- 1802 births
- 1878 deaths
- American architects
- American people of English descent
- Anglican saints
- American saints
- Architects from New York City
- Architecture firms based in New York City
- Defunct architecture firms based in New York City
- American ecclesiastical architects
- English emigrants to the United States
- Fellows of the American Institute of Architects
- People from Shaftesbury
- Richard Upjohn buildings
- Architects of cathedrals
- English ecclesiastical architects
- Architects of Anglican churches
