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SM UB-110

Coordinates: 54°39′N 0°55′W / 54.650°N 0.917°W / 54.650; -0.917
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For other ships with the same name, see German submarine U-110.
UB-110 being repaired at Swan Hunter's dry dock in 1918
History
German Empire
NameUB-110
Ordered6 / 8 February 1917[1]
BuilderBlohm & Voss, Hamburg
Cost3,714,000 German Papiermark
Yard number316
Launched1 September 1917[2]
Commissioned23 March 1918[2]
FateSunk by HMS Garry on 19 July 1918 at 54°39′N 0°55′W / 54.650°N 0.917°W / 54.650; -0.917[2]
General characteristics [2]
Class and typeGerman Type UB III submarine
Displacement
  • 519 t (511 long tons) surfaced
  • 649 t (639 long tons) submerged
Length55.30 m (181 ft 5 in) (o/a)
Beam5.80 m (19 ft)
Draught3.70 m (12 ft 2 in)
Propulsion
Speed
  • 13.3 knots (24.6 km/h; 15.3 mph) surfaced
  • 7.5 knots (13.9 km/h; 8.6 mph) submerged
Range
  • 7,420 nmi (13,740 km; 8,540 mi) at 6 knots (11 km/h; 6.9 mph) surfaced
  • 55 nmi (102 km; 63 mi) at 4 knots (7.4 km/h; 4.6 mph) submerged
Test depth50 m (160 ft)
Complement3 officers, (max.)31 men[2]
Armament
Service record
Part of:
Commanders:
  • Kptlt. Werner Fürbringer[3]
  • 23 March – 19 July 1918
Operations: 2 patrols
Victories:
  • 1 merchant ship sunk
    (3,709 GRT)
  • 1 auxiliary warship damaged
    (1,137 GRT)

SM UB-110 was a German Type UB III submarine or U-boat in the German Imperial Navy (German: Kaiserliche Marine) during World War I.

Construction

Main article: German Type UB III submarine

UB-110 was built by Blohm & Voss of Hamburg. After just under a year of construction, it was launched at Hamburg on 1 September 1917 and commissioned in the spring of 1918 under the command of Kptlt. Werner Fürbringer. Like all Type UB III submarines, UB-110 carried ten torpedoes and was armed with an 8.8 cm (3.46 in) deck gun, carried a crew of three officers and up to 31 men, and had a cruising range of 7,420 nautical miles (13,740 km; 8,540 mi). It had a displacement of 519 t (511 long tons) while surfaced and 649 t (639 long tons) when submerged. Its engines enabled it to travel at 13.3 knots (24.6 km/h; 15.3 mph) when surfaced and 7.4 knots (13.7 km/h; 8.5 mph) when submerged.

Ships hit by UB-110

During its lifetime, UB-110 is confirmed to have torpedoed two ships, the Sprucol and the Southborough.[4] The Sprucol was a 1,137 GRT tanker being operated by the Royal Fleet Auxiliary at the time of engagement, when it was damaged off the English coast but made it back to the Humber with no casualties.[5] The 3,709 ton civilian steamer Southborough was not to be so lucky, sunk 5 miles off the east coast of Scarborough on 16 July 1918 with the loss of 30 civilian lives.[6]

Sinking

The submarine was commissioned into the German Imperial Navy on 23 March 1918 as SM UB-110.[Note 1]

On 19 July 1918, while under the command of Kapitänleutnant Werner Fürbringer, UB-110 was depth charged, rammed, and sunk near the Tyne by HMS Garry, commanded by Charles Lightoller. This was possibly the last U-boat sinking during the Great War.[7]

In his postwar memoirs, Fürbringer alleged that, after the sinking, HMS Garry hove to and opened fire with revolvers and machine guns on the unarmed crew in the water. He states that he saw the skull of his 18-year old steward split open by a lump of coal hurled by a member of Garry's crew. He also states that when he attempted to help a wounded officer to swim, the man said, "Let me die in peace. The swine are going to murder us anyhow." The memoir states that the shooting ceased only when the convoy that the destroyer had been escorting, and that contained many neutral-flagged ships, arrived on the scene, at which point "as if by magic the British now let down some life boats into the water."[8]

While Lightoller does not go into detail about the sinking in his memoir, does confirm Fürbringer's memoirs by admitting that he "refused to accept the hands up air" business. Lightoller explained, "In fact it was simply amazing that they should have had the infernal audacity to offer to surrender, in view of their ferocious and pitiless attacks on our merchant ships. Destroyer versus Destroyer, as in the Dover Patrol, was fair game and no favour. One could meet them and take them on as a decent antagonist. But towards the submarine men, one felt an utter disgust and loathing; they were nothing but an abomination, polluting the clean sea."[9]

Lieutenant Commander Lightoller was awarded a bar to his Distinguished Service Cross for sinking UB-110. A total of 23 members of UB-110's crew died in the action and at the hands of Garry's crew after the sinking.

Rescue operation

HMTBD Bonetta arrived late on the scene and picked up five survivors, including the Captain, but one of them, the Engineer Officer, died on deck immediately after being taken out of the water. The German captain, despite the ordeal he had come through, proved himself to be a very self-possessed individual when examined in the chart room. He expressed the opinion that Germany would shortly win the war, but he was a long way out in his calculation, as Germany was defeated six weeks later. The Bonetta's duties around that time had included picking up many, badly wounded, survivors, and dead, from fishing boats, which had been shelled by a German submarine, off the entrance to the Tyne. Perhaps unsurprisingly the crew of the Bonetta were not made aware of any massacre.[10]

Boat raised

UB-110 was raised on 4 October 1918 and broken up at Swan Hunter shipyard on the Tyne.[2] An album of photographs of the vessel has been shared by Tyne and Wear Archives "The sinking and raising of UB-110"

An unsettling discovery during its salvage was that some of its torpedoes were fitted with magnetic firing pistols—the first to be properly identified by the British. These early examples were problematic, often detonating their weapons prematurely if at all.[11]

Summary of raiding history

Date Name Nationality Tonnage[Note 2] Fate[12]
10 July 1918 RFA Sprucol United Kingdom Royal Fleet Auxiliary 1,137 Damaged
16 July 1918 Southborough  United Kingdom 3,709 Sunk

References

Notes

  1. ^ "SM" stands for "Seiner Majestät" (English: His Majesty's) and combined with the U for Unterseeboot would be translated as His Majesty's Submarine.
  2. ^ Merchant ship tonnages are in gross register tons. Military vessels are listed by tons displacement.

Citations

  1. ^ Rössler 1979, p. 66.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Gröner 1991, pp. 25–30.
  3. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "WWI U-boat commanders: Werner Fürbringer (Royal House Order of Hohenzollern)". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 9 March 2015.
  4. ^ "Ships hit by UB 110". uboat.net. Archived from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  5. ^ "Ships hit during WWI: Sprucol". uboat.net. Archived from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  6. ^ "Ships hit during WWI: Southborough". uboat.net. Archived from the original on 24 February 2018. Retrieved 24 February 2018.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  7. ^ Lightoller, C. Titanic and Other Ships, ch.44, eBook at Gutenberg of Australia
  8. ^ Werner Fürbringer (1999), Fips: Legendary German U-Boat Commander, 1915-1918, Naval Institute Press, Annapolis. Pages 118-121.
  9. ^ Lightoller, Charles, Herbert (1935). Titanic and Other Ships. Gutenberg Australia. pp. Chapter 44.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Boyd, Captain Robert Storrar. "A Dundee Master Mariner - His Own Story, serving as a First Lieutenant on the Bonetta". ninetradesofdundee.co.uk. Self. Retrieved 30 December 2017.
  11. ^ Admiralty. Annual Report of the Torpedo School, 1918, p. 150.
  12. ^ Helgason, Guðmundur. "Ships hit by UB 110". German and Austrian U-boats of World War I - Kaiserliche Marine - Uboat.net. Retrieved 9 March 2015.

Bibliography

Wikimedia Commons has media related to SM UB-110.

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