Types of road
A road is a thoroughfare, route, or way on land between two places that has been surfaced or otherwise improved to allow travel by foot or some form of conveyance, including a motor vehicle, cart, bicycle, or horse. Roads have been adapted to a large range of structures and types in order to achieve a common goal of transportation under a large and wide range of conditions. The specific purpose, mode of transport, material[1][2] and location of a road determine the characteristics it must have in order to maximize its usefulness. Following is one classification scheme.
Types of roads
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Lower capacity roads
- Alley
- Street
- Avenue
- B road
- Brick Road
- Boulevard
- Bundesstraße
- Byway
- Causeway
- Circle
- Collector road
- Corniche
- Close
- Crescent
- Court
- Cul-de-sac / Dead end (street)
- Drive
- Frontage road
- Gemeindestraße
- Highway
- Kreisstraße
- Lane
- Landesstraße
- Living street
- Loop
- One-way street
- Path
- Place
- Plaza
- Road
- Roundabout (Also see intersecting roadways)
- Route
- Side road
- Single carriageway
- Stravenue
- Terrace
- Way
- Tree tunnel
- Woonerf
Street
Primitive roads
- Agricultural road
- Backroad
- Dirt road
- Forest road
- Gravel road
- Green lane
- Historic roads and trails
- Ice road
- Roman roads
- Sunken lane
Large roads
- Higher capacity roads, sometimes with medians
- Expressways (Limited-access roads and grade-separated highways)
Private roads
Intersecting roads
Material type
Roads also may be classified based on their pavement material types. For instance, the Long-Term Pavement Performance database includes more than 30 types of pavement types for roads in the US and Canada.[2][3][4] However, a more generic classification of roads based on material type is as follows.[4][5]
- Concrete roads
- Asphalt roads
- Gravel roads
- Earthen roads
- Murrum roads
- Kankar roads
- Bituminous roads
Other thoroughfares
- Bascule bridge
- Bus lane
- Canal
- Carpool lane
- Cycle track
- Cycling infrastructure
- Flight deck
- Footpath (also pedestrian way, walking trail, nature trail)
- Free-market roads
- National roads
- (Native American) Indian route
- Paper street
- Race track
- Runway
- Stroad
- Shunpike[6]
- Wildlife crossing
References
- ^ Piryonesi, Sayed Madeh (November 2019). Piryonesi, S. M. (2019). The Application of Data Analytics to Asset Management: Deterioration and Climate Change Adaptation in Ontario Roads (Doctoral dissertation) (Thesis).
- ^ a b Elkins, G.E., Schmalzer, P., Thompson, T., and Simpson, A. 2003. Long-Term Pavement Performance Information Management System Pavement Performance Database User Reference Guide.
- ^ Piryonesi, S. M.; El-Diraby, T. E. (2020) [Published online: December 21, 2019]. "Data Analytics in Asset Management: Cost-Effective Prediction of the Pavement Condition Index". Journal of Infrastructure Systems. 26 (1): 04019036. doi:10.1061/(ASCE)IS.1943-555X.0000512. S2CID 213782055.
- ^ a b Piryonesi, Sayed Madeh (November 2019). Piryonesi, S. M. (2019). The Application of Data Analytics to Asset Management: Deterioration and Climate Change Adaptation in Ontario Roads (Doctoral dissertation) (Thesis).
- ^ Way, N.C., Beach, P., and Materials, P. 2015. ASTM D 6433–07: Standard Practice for Roads and Parking Lots Pavement Condition Index Surveys.
- ^ "shunpike". Dictionary.com. Dictionary.com, LLC. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
A side road taken, instead of a turnpike or expressway, to avoid tolls or to travel at a leisurely pace.
External links
- "C1 Street Suffix Abbreviations". USPS.com. USPS. Retrieved 15 May 2019.
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