Virgin Killer
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Virgin Killer is the fourth studio album by the German heavy metal band Scorpions. It was released in 1976 and was the first album of the band to attract attention outside Europe.[1] The title is described as being a reference to time as the killer of innocence.[2] The original cover featured a nude prepubescent girl which stirred controversy in the UK, US, and elsewhere. As a result, the album was reissued with a different cover in some countries.
In December 2008, the image again gave rise to controversy when the British Internet Watch Foundation placed certain pages from Wikipedia on its internet blacklist, since it considered the image to be "potentially illegal" under the Protection of Children Act 1978.[3] This resulted in much of the UK being prevented from editing Wikipedia, and significant public debate of the decision. The decision was reversed by the IWF after four days of blocking.[4]
Reception
The success of Virgin Killer was similar to other Scorpions albums featuring Uli Jon Roth as lead guitarist; it "failed to attain any serious attention in the United States" but was "quite popular in Japan"[5] where it peaked at number 32 in the charts.[6] The album was another step in the band's shift from psychedelic music to hard rock.[7] Critic Vincent Jeffries of Allmusic contends in hindsight that the album was "the first of four studio releases that really defined the Scorpions and their urgent metallic sound that was to become highly influential."[8] He also counts the title track and "Pictured Life" among the "all-time Scorpions standouts." Among the band members, Uli Jon Roth considers Virgin Killer and the previous release In Trance as his favourite Scorpions albums.[9]
Cover art
The original cover art for the album depicted a nude ten-year-old girl named Jaqueline,[10] with a shattered glass crack effect obscuring her genitalia. The image was designed by Steffan Böhle,[11] who was then the product manager for RCA Records.[9] Francis Buchholz was the bassist for the band and, in an interview conducted in early 2007, recollects that the model depicted on the cover was either the daughter or the niece of "the guy who did the cover design."[12] The photograph was taken by Michael von Gimbut.[13] The band's rhythm guitarist Rudolf Schenker offers the following description of the circumstances behind the album cover:
We didn't actually have the idea. It was the record company. The record company guys were like, 'Even if we have to go to jail, there's no question that we'll release that.' On the song 'Virgin Killer', time is the virgin killer. But then, when we had to do the interviews about it, we said 'Look, listen to the lyrics and then you'll know what we're talking about. We're using this only to get attention. That's what we do.' Even the girl, when we met her fifteen years later, had no problem with the cover. Growing up in Europe, sexuality, of course not with children, was very normal. The lyrics really say it all. Time is the virgin killer. A kid comes into the world very naive, they lose that naiveness and then go into this life losing all of this getting into trouble. That was the basic idea about all of it.[2]
In a separate interview, Schenker also notes that he thought the cover art was a "great thing" and that he had "pushed the band to really stay behind it" as he felt that people would "think differently" when they looked at the lyrics and realized that the cover art was only being used as "a symbol of the lyrics."[14] In a 2008 interview, Schenker added "We would never again do something like this".[10] The band's former lead guitarist Uli Jon Roth notes that the cover art of the "old Scorpion albums" were "usually done by other people."[9] He has since expressed regret over the original album cover:
Looking at that picture today makes me cringe. It was done in the worst possible taste. Back then I was too immature to see that. Shame on me—I should have done everything in my power to stop it. The record company came up with the idea, I think. The lyrics incidentally were a take-off on Kiss, whom we had just supported on a tour. I was fooling around and played the riff of the song in the rehearsal room and spontaneously improvised 'cause he's a virgin killer!' trying to do a more or less way-off-the-mark Paul Stanley impersonation. Klaus immediately said 'that's great! You should do something with it.' Then I had the unenviable task of constructing a meaningful set of lyrics around the title, which I actually managed to do to some degree. But the song has a totally different meaning from what people would assume at first. Virgin Killer is none other than the demon of our time, the less compassionate side of the societies we live in today—brutally trampling upon the heart and soul of innocence.[15]
In 2008, photographer Michael von Gimbut emphasized that his wife, the model's mother and sister and three female assistants had been present during the shooting and stated "We loved and protected children and did not sleep with them" ("Wir liebten und beschützten die Kinder damals und schliefen nicht mit ihnen").[10]
The cover generated controversy: the album could only be sold sealed in black plastic in several countries[10] and the cover was replaced in some countries with an alternative cover art depicting the band members.[7] The original is named in various "worst album cover" lists: Cracked magazine online named it the #1 "Worst Album Cover of All-Time,"[16] while Gigwise.com lists it as #2 on its March 2008 "The 50 Most Controversial Album Covers of All Time!" list.[17] Similarly, it was named (by UGO Networks) one of the "Weirdest Album Covers,"[18] and placed #6 on the "All-Time Worst Album Covers" list made by two.one.five magazine.[19]
This would not be the last time that the band attracted controversy with its album covers. Their next album, Taken by Force, originally featured cover art that depicted "children playing with guns at a military cemetery in France and some people found that offensive."[9] Their 1979 album Lovedrive featured a "bizarre artwork" that depicts "a woman on the back seat of a car with bubblegum over her breast."[7] Both covers were replaced by an alternate design.[20][21] Vocalist Klaus Meine explains that the band's penchant for controversial cover art stems from a desire "to go over the edge" and not "to offend some people or make the headlines [as] that would be stupid," contrasting guitarist Rudolf Schenker's earlier statement, "We're using this only to get attention."[1][2] In a 2010 interview Meine commented on the cover art again stating
Back in those days (the 70’s) it was RCA, our record label then, went over the edge with Virgin Killer. Today when you think of child pornography on the net, you would never do something like that. We never did this in the sense of pornography, we did it in the sense of art. It is about the song and the label was pushing the idea because they wanted to get the controversy to help the album sale and you cannot get better promotion than that. Looking back from the band point of view it was never an album cover that we took home to our parents and said, “Look what we just released..” There was always mixed feelings about it and even 30 years later it caused a scandal at Wikipedia because the site for that album was blocked and even the FBI was getting involved. All of that after so many years, can you believe that?[22]
Internet censorship
Template:Wikinewspar3 In May 2008, the US-based social conservative site WorldNetDaily reported the cover image on Wikipedia to the Federal Bureau of Investigation. An officer of the Concerned Women for America, a conservative Christian advocacy group, commented, "By allowing that image to remain posted, Wikipedia is helping to further facilitate perversion and pedophilia."[23] EContent magazine subsequently reported the Wikipedia community's internal debate as concluding, "Prior discussion has determined by broad consensus that the Virgin Killer cover will not be removed", and asserted that Wikipedia contributors "favor inclusion in all but the most extreme cases".[24]
Internet Watch Foundation
In December 2008, the Internet Watch Foundation (IWF), a UK-based non-government organization, added the Wikipedia article Virgin Killer to its internet blacklist due to concerns over legality of the image, which had been assessed as the lowest level of legal concern: "erotic posing with no sexual activity".[25] As a result, people using many major UK ISPs were blocked from viewing the entire article by the Cleanfeed system,[25][26][27] and a large part of the UK was blocked from editing Wikipedia owing to the means of blocking in use. Following discussion, representations by the Wikimedia Foundation (who host the Wikipedia website),[28] and public complaints,[29] the IWF reversed their decision three days later, and confirmed that in future they would not block copies of the image that were hosted overseas.[4]
Track listing
Side one
- "Pictured Life" (Meine, Roth, Schenker) – 3:21
- "Catch Your Train" (Meine, Schenker) – 3:32
- "In Your Park" (Meine, Schenker) – 3:39
- "Backstage Queen" (Meine, Schenker) – 3:10
- "Virgin Killer" (Roth) – 3:41
Side two
- "Hell Cat" (Roth) – 2:54
- "Crying Days" (Meine, Schenker) – 4:36
- "Polar Nights" (Roth) – 5:04
- "Yellow Raven" (Roth) – 4:58
Credits
- Klaus Meine – lead vocals
- Ulrich Roth – lead guitar, backing vocals, lead vocals on "Hell-Cat" and "Polar Nights"
- Rudolf Schenker – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
- Francis Buchholz – bass, backing vocals
- Rudy Lenners – drums, percussion
- Achim Kirschning – synthesizer, keyboards
- Dieter Dierks – arrangement, production
Covered songs
- "Pictured Life" was covered by the Greek power metal band Firewind on their début album Between Heaven and Hell in 2002.[30][31]
- "Crying Days" was covered by Swedish symphonic metal band Therion as a bonus track on their 2001 album Secret of the Runes.
- "Polar Nights" was also covered by Therion on the various artist compilation A Tribute to the Scorpions.[32][33]
- "Yellow Raven" was covered by Swedish progressive metal band Pain of Salvation on their Linoleum EP in 2009.
Charts
| Year | Chart | Position |
|---|---|---|
| 1976 | Japanese Album Chart | 32 |
See also
References
- ^ a b Yasui, Todd Allan (August 30, 1988). "The Sign of the Scorpions; The West German Metal Meisters' Tour de Force". The Washington Post. pp. F3.
- ^ a b c "Scorpions Guitarist: We Wanted To 'Make A Masterpiece For Our Own History'". Blabbermouth.net. 2007-10-03. Retrieved 2008-05-12.
- ^ "Scorpions censored". BBC. 2008-12-08. Retrieved 2010-05-09.
- ^ a b "IWF statement regarding Wikipedia webpage". Internet Watch Foundation. Retrieved 2008-12-09.
- ^ Weber, Barry. "Scorpions". Allmusic. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
- ^ Sharpe-Young, Garry. "Scorpions discography". Rockdetector. Archived from the original on December 28, 2007. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
- ^ a b c Berelian, Essi (2003). Buckley, Peter & Buckley, Jonathan (eds.) (ed.). The Rough Guide to Rock. London: Rough Guides. p. 909. ISBN 1-84353-105-4.
{{cite book}}:|editor=has generic name (help)CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link) - ^ Jeffries, Vincent. "Virgin Killer review". Allmusic. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
- ^ a b c d Syrjälä, Marko. "Interview with Uli Jon Roth". Metal-rules.com. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
- ^ a b c d Martin Zips: Die böse Blöße Süddeutsche Zeitung, December 11, 2008 Template:De icon
- ^ "Das Rock Hard-Magazin feiert 250. Ausgabe im Großformat [[:Template:De icon]]". Dpv.de. 2008-12-02. Retrieved 2008-05-12.
{{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ Syrjälä, Marko. "Interview with Francis Buchholz". Metal-rules.com. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
- ^ In Trance Virgin Killer: The Back to Black Collection (Media notes). France: Axe Killer Music. 2000.
{{cite AV media notes}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters:|albumlink=,|mbid=,|coauthors=, and|notestitle=(help); Unknown parameter|bandname=ignored (help); Unknown parameter|publisherid=ignored (help) - ^ Trunk, Russell A. "Scorpions: Yet Another Sting In The Tale!". Annecarlini.com. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
- ^ "Uli Jon Roth Says 'Virgin Killer' Album Cover Makes Him Cringe". Blabbermouth.net. 2006-04-03. Retrieved 2008-05-12.
- ^ "The 15 Worst Album Covers of All-Time" by Ben Dennison, Cracked
- ^ "The 50 Most Controversial Album Covers Of All Time!", Gigwise.com, March 19, 2008
- ^ "Virgin Killer" in Weirdest & Worst Album Covers, UGO Networks
- ^ "The All-Time Worst Album Covers", two.one.five magazine
- ^ Palmer, Andrew (1999-12-28). "Rock You Like a Piece of Meat". Village Voice. Retrieved 2008-05-13.
- ^ Weber, Barry. "Scorpions". Allmusic. Retrieved May 13, 2008.
- ^ Jeffrey Easton. "Metal Exiles interview with Klaus Meine'". metalexiles.com. Retrieved July 18, 2010. [dead link]
- ^ "FBI investigates 'Wikipedophilia'", WorldNetDaily, May 7, 2008
- ^ "Wikipedia Weighs Information Against Indecency" by Jessica Dye, July/August 2008 issue ofEContent
- ^ a b Arthur, Charles (2008-12-08). "Wikipedia row escalates as internet watchdog considers censoring Amazon US over Scorpions image". Guardian News and Media Limited. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
- ^ "Wikipedia child image censored". BBC News. 2008-12-08. Retrieved 2008-12-08.
{{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ AP: Wikipedia article blocked in UK over child photo
- ^ "Censorship in the United Kingdom disenfranchises tens of thousands of Wikipedia editors", Wikimedia Foundation press release, December 7, 2008
- ^ ZDNet cites "floods of angry users".
- ^ Siva, Shan. "Interview with Gus G. of Firewind". Battlehelm.com. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
- ^ "Between Heaven and Hell". Allmusic. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
- ^ Mezzera, Riccardo. "A Tribute to the Scorpions review [[:Template:It icon]]". Truemetal.it. Retrieved May 12, 2008.
{{cite web}}: URL–wikilink conflict (help) - ^ "A Tribute to the Scorpions". Allmusic. Retrieved May 12, 2008.