De-rhotacism: Difference between revisions
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Rhotic sounds are usually the last ones a child masters. Some people never learn to produce them; they substitute other sounds, such as the [[velar approximant]], the [[uvular approximant]] (often called the [[French language|French]] ''R''), and the [[uvular trill]].{{cn|date=June 2019}} |
Rhotic sounds are usually the last ones a child masters. Some people never learn to produce them; they substitute other sounds, such as the [[velar approximant]], the [[uvular approximant]] (often called the [[French language|French]] ''R''), and the [[uvular trill]].{{cn|date=June 2019}} |
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In English, the most common occurrence of this type is a pronunciation perceived as closer to the [[Voiced labial–velar approximant|voiced labial-velar approximant]] [w] (typically, though, actually the [[labiodental approximant]] {{IPA|[ʋ]}}), which is known as [[r-labialisation|''r''-labialisation]].{{cn|date=June 2019}} |
In English, the most common occurrence of this type is a pronunciation perceived as closer to the [[Voiced labial–velar approximant|voiced labial-velar approximant]] [w] (typically, though, actually the [[labiodental approximant]] {{IPA|[ʋ]}}), which is known as [[r-labialisation|''r''-labialisation]].{{cn|date=June 2019}} |
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Often, people with the condition are mistakenly referred to as a person with a [[lisp]], which is a different speech pattern. |
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== Across languages == |
== Across languages == |
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*[[Vladimir Lenin]], Russian revolutionary and Soviet leader {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
*[[Vladimir Lenin]], Russian revolutionary and Soviet leader {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
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* [[Bernard Montgomery]], Senior British Army officer who fought in both the First World War and the Second World War.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dmbarcroft.com/30-years-of-morse-onscreen/|title=30 YEARS OF MORSE ONSCREEN | Damian Michael Barcroft}}</ref> |
* [[Bernard Montgomery]], Senior British Army officer who fought in both the First World War and the Second World War.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://dmbarcroft.com/30-years-of-morse-onscreen/|title=30 YEARS OF MORSE ONSCREEN | Damian Michael Barcroft}}</ref> |
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* [[Hassan Nasrallah]] |
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* The leader of [[Hezbollah]], [[Lebanon|Lebanese]] Sheikh [[Hassan Nasrallah]], has been ridiculed for his rhotacism,<ref>{{cite book |first=Andrew |last=Arsan |title=Lebanon: A Country in Fragments |location=London |publisher=Hurst & Company |date=2018 |isbn=978-1-84904-700-5}}</ref> particularly his "*''Amwīka''" and "*''Iswā'īl''" for Arabic ''Amrīka'' ("America"), ''Isrā'īl'' ("Israel").<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://bulawayo24.com/index-id-opinion-sc-columnist-byo-152949.html|title=Chiwenga suffers from a rare condition|website=Bulawayo24 News}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://mydayhere.blogspot.com/2006/08/mubarak-and-asad-two-dictators-but.html|title=My days and thoughts....: Mubarak and Asad: two dictators but...}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Bohren|first=Anna|title=Rhotacism: A complete guide to this speech impediment|url=https://blog.cognifit.com/rhotacism/|access-date=2020-08-29|website=Health, Brain and Neuroscience|language=en-US}}</ref> |
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* [[Irina Odoyevtseva]] {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
* [[Irina Odoyevtseva]] {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
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* [[Chris Packham]], British naturalist and television presenter {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
* [[Chris Packham]], British naturalist and television presenter {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
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* [[Jordan Edward Benjamin "Grandson"]], Canadian musician |
* [[Jordan Edward Benjamin "Grandson"]], Canadian musician |
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* [[Alejo Carpentier]] {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
* [[Alejo Carpentier]] {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
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== In popular culture == |
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In popular culture, Characters with Rhotacism are often presented as being weak, childish or foolish, or alternatively give them a element of vulnerability. Characters with rhotacism may also be used as a subject of mockery and ridicule. {{Citation needed|date=March 2021}} |
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== See also == |
== See also == |
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Revision as of 23:30, 2 April 2021
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In medical contexts, rhotacism (/ˈroʊtəsɪzəm/) is the inability to pronounce or difficulty in pronouncing r sounds.[1] Speech pathologists call the condition de-rhotacism, or de-rhotacization, because the sounds lose their rhotic quality rather than becoming rhotic.
Language development
Rhotic sounds are usually the last ones a child masters. Some people never learn to produce them; they substitute other sounds, such as the velar approximant, the uvular approximant (often called the French R), and the uvular trill.[citation needed]
In English, the most common occurrence of this type is a pronunciation perceived as closer to the voiced labial-velar approximant [w] (typically, though, actually the labiodental approximant [ʋ]), which is known as r-labialisation.[citation needed]
Often, people with the condition are mistakenly referred to as a person with a lisp, which is a different speech pattern.
Across languages
Rhotacism is more common among speakers of languages that have a trilled R,[citation needed] such as Afrikaans, Arabic, Armenian, Belarusian, Bulgarian, Czech, Dutch, Estonian, Finnish, Frisian, Hungarian, Icelandic, Indonesian, Italian, Macedonian, Malay, Polish, Romanian, Irish, Slovak, Spanish, and Swedish (except in the provinces of Skåne, Halland, Blekinge, Öland and southern Småland), Ukrainian, Welsh.[citation needed]
In the Czech language there is a specific type of rhotacism called rotacismus bohemicus which is an inability to pronounce the specific sound /ř/ [r̝] which is even more stressed than R sound. (For more info about this letter see voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar trills.)[2]
Public personalities with rhotacism
 | This section needs additional citations for verification. (December 2018) |
- Isaac Arthur[3]
- Sister Wendy Beckett[4]
- John Berger[5]
- Oliver Sacks [citation needed]
- Jeremy Brett [citation needed]
- Vojislav Šešelj [citation needed]
- Yaron Brook[6]
- Teresa Leger Fernandez, 2020 candidate for New Mexico's 3rd Congressional District[7]
- Kay Francis[8]
- Robert Gascoyne-Cecil
- King George VI of the United Kingdom [citation needed]
- Václav Havel [citation needed]
- Roy Hodgson[9]
- Roy Jenkins[9]
- Terry Jones, member of the Monty Python comedy troupe [citation needed]
- Edward Ka-Spel [citation needed]
- Vladimir Lenin, Russian revolutionary and Soviet leader [citation needed]
- Bernard Montgomery, Senior British Army officer who fought in both the First World War and the Second World War.[10]
- Hassan Nasrallah
- Irina Odoyevtseva [citation needed]
- Chris Packham, British naturalist and television presenter [citation needed]
- Jonathan Ross, British television and radio presenter[11]
- Matt Bellamy, British musician [citation needed]
- Chris "Mad Dog" Russo[12]
- Lucy Worsley[13]
- Julio Cortázar [citation needed]
- Jordan Edward Benjamin "Grandson", Canadian musician
- Alejo Carpentier [citation needed]
See also
Look up rhotacism in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
- Lambdacism, the equivalent condition with L /l/
- Perception of English /r/ and /l/ by Japanese speakers
References
- ^ Stinchfield, Sara M (1933). Speech Disorders: A PSYCHOLOGICAL STUDY of the Various Defects of Speech. Routledge. ISBN 9781136310256. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
rhotacism for difficulty on the r sounds
- ^ Dostál, Miloslav. Bakalářská práce: Korekce rotacismu dětí předškolního věku v logopedické třídě běžné mateřské školy (PDF) (in Czech). Masarykova Univerzita v Brně.
- ^ Arthur, Isaac (8 April 2016). Fermi Paradox: The Dyson Dilemma v2.0. YouTube. Event occurs at 0:54. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
- ^ McFadden, Robert D. (December 26, 2018). "Sister Wendy Beckett, Nun Who Became a BBC Star, Dies at 88" – via NYTimes.com.
- ^ "The Story of the Eye". www.bookforum.com.
- ^ Brook, Yaron (3 January 2018). Yaron's News Briefing Episode 12: Yaron's move & What to do about Iran. YouTube.
- ^ "Commitment 2020: Democratic Candidate Forum CD3". KOAT Action 7 News. Hearst Television, Inc. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
- ^ "'You Must Remember This' podcast inspires art". The Spectrum & Daily News.
- ^ a b Finnerty, Deirdre (3 May 2012). "Roy Hodgson: Is it wrong to mock the way he speaks?". BBC News. Retrieved 14 September 2018.
- ^ "30 YEARS OF MORSE ONSCREEN | Damian Michael Barcroft".
- ^ Radio's New Wave: Global Sound in the Digital Era. Routledge. 2013. p. 156. ISBN 978-1-136-44630-6.
- ^ "Chris "Mad Dog" Russo Is Really Upset That Joe Girardi Blew Him Off, But Why?". Deadspin.
- ^ Jones, Ellen E. (6 April 2014). "Lucy Worsley: The TV historian on BBC's The First Georgians, David Starkey and why she'll never appear on Strictly Come Dancing". The Independent. Retrieved 21 January 2019.