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The '''dhak''' is a huge [[membranophone]] instrument from [[Bengal]] and [[Assam]].<ref name="Barthakur">{{cite book |last1=Barthakur |first1=Dilip Ranjan |title=The Music and Musical Instruments of North Eastern India |date=2003 |publisher=Mittal Publications |isbn=978-81-7099-881-5 |page=97 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/The_Music_and_Musical_Instruments_of_Nor/oP4vH-4oSEcC?hl=en&gbpv=1&dq=dhak+instrument&pg=PA97}}</ref> The shapes differ from the almost cylindrical to the barrel. The manner of stretching the hide over the mouths and lacing also varies. It suspended from the neck, tied to the waist and kept on the lap or the ground, and usually played with wooden sticks. The left side is coated to give it a heavier sound.<ref name="instrument">{{cite web | url = http://www.beatofindia.com/mainpages/instruments.htm| title = Instruments| access-date = 2008-01-13 | work =Percussions | publisher = beatofindia.com }}</ref>
The '''dhak''' is a huge [[membranophone]] instrument from [[Bengal]].<ref>https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/328171/dhak-the-heartbeat-of-durga-puja-battles</ref> shapes differ from the almost cylindrical to the barrel. The manner of stretching the hide over the mouths and lacing also varies. It suspended from the neck, tied to the waist and kept on the lap or the ground, and usually played with wooden sticks. The left side is coated to give it a heavier sound.<ref name="instrument">{{cite web | url = http://www.beatofindia.com/mainpages/instruments.htm| title = Instruments| access-date = 2008-01-13 | work =Percussions | publisher = beatofindia.com }}</ref>


It is of medieval origin,<ref name="Kuppuswamy">{{cite book |last1=Kuppuswamy |first1=Gowri |last2=Hariharan |first2=Muthuswamy |title=Indian Music: A Perspective |date=1980 |publisher=Sundeep Prakashan |isbn=978-0-8364-0629-0 |page=152 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Indian_Music/c3oHAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=dhak+instrument+origin&dq=dhak+instrument+origin&printsec=frontcover}}</ref> and is used in Hindu religious festivals of the region, especially of [[Sakta]] and [[Shaiva]] traditions, including [[Durga Puja]], [[Kali Puja]] and [[Charak Puja]].<ref name="Barthakur"/><ref name="Folklore">{{cite book |title=Folk-lore |date=1975 |publisher=Indian Publications |pages=429, 430 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Folk_lore/IMvjAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=dhak+instrument+origin&dq=dhak+instrument+origin&printsec=frontcover}}</ref>
It is of medieval origin,<ref name="Kuppuswamy">{{cite book |last1=Kuppuswamy |first1=Gowri |last2=Hariharan |first2=Muthuswamy |title=Indian Music: A Perspective |date=1980 |publisher=Sundeep Prakashan |isbn=978-0-8364-0629-0 |page=152 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Indian_Music/c3oHAQAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=dhak+instrument+origin&dq=dhak+instrument+origin&printsec=frontcover}}</ref> and is used in Festivals like Pohela <ref>https://en.ittefaq.com.bd/4996/Pohela-Boishakh-Festival-of-Tradition-and</ref>, Eid Al <ref>ঢাকার ঐতিহ্যবাহী ঈদ উৎসব - bdnews24.com https://bangla.bdnews24.com/amp/story/arts%2F%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%2F7847</ref> and Durga puja.<ref name="Barthakur"/><ref name="Folklore">{{cite book |title=Folk-lore |date=1975 |publisher=Indian Publications |pages=429, 430 |url=https://www.google.co.in/books/edition/Folk_lore/IMvjAAAAMAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=dhak+instrument+origin&dq=dhak+instrument+origin&printsec=frontcover}}</ref>


The drum beats, mostly played by the [[Bengali Hindu]] community, alongwith the ''[[arati]]'' (invocation dance) forms an integral part of [[Durga Puja]] unique to [[Bengal]].<ref name="Kuppuswamy"/><ref name="Folklore"/><ref name="Durga">{{cite web | url = http://www.durga-puja.org/tradition.html | title = Traditions of Durga Puja| access-date = 2008-01-13 | publisher = Society for confluence of festivals in India }}</ref> The [[Tea-garden community|tea-tribes]] of Assam play ''dhak'' along with ''[[Nagara (drum)|nagara]]''.<ref name="Barthakur"/>
The drum beats played by the [[Bengali]] community, alongwith uses of [[Bengali Hindus]] while the ''[[arati]]'' (invocation dance) forms being an integral part of [[Durga Puja]] unique to [[West Bengal]].<ref name="Kuppuswamy"/><ref name="Folklore"/><ref name="Durga">{{cite web | url = http://www.durga-puja.org/tradition.html | title = Traditions of Durga Puja| access-date = 2008-01-13 | publisher = Society for confluence of festivals in India }}</ref> The [[Tea-garden community|tea-tribes]] of Assam play ''dhak'' along with ''[[Nagara (drum)|nagara]]''.<ref name="Barthakur"/>


''[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]'' wrote, "Durga Puja does not assume the festive aura without the maddening beats of the dhak, the large drum that people hang around their necks and play with two thin sticks to infuse the frenzied rhythm into listeners. Those enchanting beats are enough to conjure up the sights and smells of Durga Puja."<ref name="Statesman2">{{cite news |last=Bhattachatya |first=Kajari |date=26 September 2006 |title=Beats of changing time |newspaper=The Statesman |location=Kolkata}}</ref>
''[[The Statesman (India)|The Statesman]]'' wrote, "Durga Puja does not assume the festive aura without the maddening beats of the dhak, the large drum that people hang around their necks and play with two thin sticks to infuse the frenzied rhythm into listeners. Those enchanting beats are enough to conjure up the sights and smells of Durga Puja."<ref name="Statesman2">{{cite news |last=Bhattachatya |first=Kajari |date=26 September 2006 |title=Beats of changing time |newspaper=The Statesman |location=Kolkata}}</ref>

Revision as of 12:02, 10 November 2023

For other uses, see Dhak.

Dhak at Dhakeshwari Temple
Durga Puja Dhak Sample Sound
A 1:38 minute sample of Dhak playing during Durga Puja.
Problems playing this file? See media help.

The dhak is a huge membranophone instrument from Bengal.[1] shapes differ from the almost cylindrical to the barrel. The manner of stretching the hide over the mouths and lacing also varies. It suspended from the neck, tied to the waist and kept on the lap or the ground, and usually played with wooden sticks. The left side is coated to give it a heavier sound.[2]

It is of medieval origin,[3] and is used in Festivals like Pohela [4], Eid Al [5] and Durga puja.[6][7]

The drum beats played by the Bengali community, alongwith uses of Bengali Hindus while the arati (invocation dance) forms being an integral part of Durga Puja unique to West Bengal.[3][7][8] The tea-tribes of Assam play dhak along with nagara.[6]

The Statesman wrote, "Durga Puja does not assume the festive aura without the maddening beats of the dhak, the large drum that people hang around their necks and play with two thin sticks to infuse the frenzied rhythm into listeners. Those enchanting beats are enough to conjure up the sights and smells of Durga Puja."[9]

  • Bengali drummers during Manasa Puja in Birbhum, West Bengal
    Bengali drummers during Manasa Puja in Birbhum, West Bengal
  • Bengal drummer and a dhaki
    Bengal drummer and a dhaki
  • A dhaki with his magnificent dhak at a South Kolkata Durga Puja pandal, 2010.
    A dhaki with his magnificent dhak at a South Kolkata Durga Puja pandal, 2010.
  • Dhak players, Sealdah, Kolkata
    Dhak players, Sealdah, Kolkata
  • Dhak players Sealdah, Kolkata
    Dhak players Sealdah, Kolkata

See also

References

  1. ^ https://www.dhakatribune.com/bangladesh/328171/dhak-the-heartbeat-of-durga-puja-battles
  2. ^ "Instruments". Percussions. beatofindia.com. Retrieved 13 January 2008.
  3. ^ a b Kuppuswamy, Gowri; Hariharan, Muthuswamy (1980). Indian Music: A Perspective. Sundeep Prakashan. p. 152. ISBN 978-0-8364-0629-0.
  4. ^ https://en.ittefaq.com.bd/4996/Pohela-Boishakh-Festival-of-Tradition-and
  5. ^ ঢাকার ঐতিহ্যবাহী ঈদ উৎসব - bdnews24.com https://bangla.bdnews24.com/amp/story/arts%2F%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%2F7847
  6. ^ a b Cite error: The named reference Barthakur was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ a b Folk-lore. Indian Publications. 1975. pp. 429, 430.
  8. ^ "Traditions of Durga Puja". Society for confluence of festivals in India. Retrieved 13 January 2008.
  9. ^ Bhattachatya, Kajari (26 September 2006). "Beats of changing time". The Statesman. Kolkata.
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