USS Pampanito: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 23:26, 19 February 2008
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2008) |
.jpg) USS Pampanito, with SS Jeremiah O'Brien moored astern
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| History | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Builder | Portsmouth Naval Shipyard, Kittery, Maine[1] |
| Laid down | 15 March 1943[1] |
| Launched | 12 July 1943[1] |
| Commissioned | 6 November 1943[1] |
| Decommissioned | 15 December 1945[1] |
| Stricken | 20 December 1971[1] |
| Status | Museum ship in San Francisco, California since 21 November 1975[2] |
| General characteristics | |
| Class and type | Balao-class diesel-electric submarine[2] |
| Displacement | list error: <br /> list (help) 1,526 tons (1550 t) surfaced[2] 2,391 tons (2429 t) submerged[2] |
| Length | 311 ft 6 in (95.0 m)[2] |
| Beam | 27 ft 3 in (8.3 m)[2] |
| Draft | 16 ft 10 in (5.1 m) maximum[2] |
| Propulsion |
|
| Speed | list error: <br /> list (help) 20.25 knots (37 km/h) surfaced[6] 8.75 knots (16 km/h) submerged[6] |
| Range | 11,000 nm (20,000 km) surfaced at 10 knots (19 km/h)[6] |
| Endurance | list error: <br /> list (help) 48 hours at 2 knots (4 km/h) submerged[6] 75 days on patrol |
| Test depth | 400 ft (120 m)[6] |
| Complement | 10 officers, 70–71 enlisted[6] |
| Armament |
|
USS Pampanito (SS-383), a Balao-class submarine, was the only ship of the United States Navy to be named for the gafftopsail pompano, Trachinotus rhodopus. She is now a National Historic Landmark, preserved as a memorial and museum ship in San Francisco.
History
USS Pampanito's keel was laid down by the Portsmouth Navy Yard in Kittery, Maine, on 15 March 1943. She was launched on 12 July 1943, sponsored by Mrs. James Wolfender, and commissioned on 6 November 1943, with Lieutenant Commander Charles B. Jackson, Jr. in command.
After shakedown off New London, Connecticut, Pampanito transited the Panama Canal and arrived at Pearl Harbor on 14 February 1944. Her first war patrol, from 15 March to 2 May, was conducted in the southwest approaches to Saipan and Guam. She served on lifeguard duty south of Yap, then scored two torpedo hits on a destroyer before sailing for Midway Island and Pearl Harbor for refit and repairs to a hull badly damaged by depth charges.
Pampanito’s second war patrol, from 3 June to 23 July, took place off Kyūshū, Shikoku, and Honshū. On 23 June, a submerged Japanese submarine fired two torpedoes, just missing Pampanito. On 6 July, Pampanito damaged a Japanese gunboat, and 11 days later headed for Midway Island.
Pampanito’s third war patrol, from 17 August to 28 September, a "wolfpack" operation with submarines Growler (SS-215) and Sealion (SS-315), was conducted in the South China Sea. On 12 September, she sank 10,509 ton transport Kachidoki Maru and the 5,135 ton tanker Zuihō Maru, and damaged a third ship, which unbeknownst to them was a "hell ship" carrying POWs. On 15 September, she moved back to the area of the original attack and found men clinging to makeshift rafts. As the sub moved closer, the men were heard to be shouting in English. Pampanito was able to pick up 73 British and Australian survivors and called in three other subs, Sealion, Barb (SS-220) and Queenfish (SS-393), to assist with the rescue. She then set course for Saipan, disembarked the survivors, and steamed on to Pearl Harbor.
Pampanito’s fourth war patrol, from 28 October to 30 December, took place off Formosa and the coast of southeastern China with Sea Cat (SS-399), Pipefish (SS-388), and Searaven (SS-196). Sinking 1200 ton cargo ship Shinko Maru Number One, 19 November, she damaged a second ship before putting in to Fremantle for refit. Her fifth war patrol in the Gulf of Siam, from 23 January to 12 February 1945, with Guavina (SS-362), was highlighted by two sinkings, the 6,968-ton cargo ship Engen Maru 6 February and the 3,520-ton passenger-cargo ship Eifuku Maru on 8 February.
Refitted at Subic Bay, Pampanito returned to the Gulf of Siam for her sixth war patrol. Operating with Caiman (SS-323), Sealion, and Mingo (SS-261), she sighted only one target before sailing for Pearl Harbor.
From Pearl Harbor the ship proceeded to San Francisco for overhaul, departing for Pearl Harbor again 1 August. With the end of the war, she was ordered to return to San Francisco. She was decommissioned at Mare Island on 15 December 1945. She remained in reserve until April 1960 when she was assigned to Naval Reserve Training at Mare Island Naval Shipyard. Reclassified AGSS-383, 6 November 1962, she served as a Naval Reserve Training ship at Vallejo, California, until she was stricken from the Navy Register on 20 December 1971.
Pampanito earned six battle stars for World War II service. She flies a broom from her mast, indicating a "clean sweep": a successful patrol that "swept the enemy from the seas." In total, she sank six Japanese ships and damaged four others, with a total of more than 27,000 tons of enemy shipping sunken.
Preservation
Pampanito was turned into a memorial and museum at San Francisco on 21 November 1975, and is a National Historic Landmark. She is now owned and operated by the San Francisco Maritime National Park Association and is moored at Pier 45 in San Francisco's Fisherman's Wharf area, where she is open for visiting.
Pampanito has completed four maintenance drydockings since becoming a memorial and museum. In 1995, she played the fictional USS Stingray (SS-161) in the movie Down Periscope, sailing under tow in San Francisco Bay and venturing past the Golden Gate Bridge. It had been fifty years since she sailed under the bridge.
References
- ^ a b c d e f Friedman, Norman (1995). U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. pp. pp. 285-304. ISBN 1-55750-263-3.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Cite has empty unknown parameter:|coauthors=(help) - ^ a b c d e f g Bauer, K. Jack (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. pp. 275-280. ISBN 0-313-26202-0.
{{cite book}}:|pages=has extra text (help); Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b c d e Bauer, K. Jack; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. 275–280. ISBN 978-0-313-26202-9.
- ^ U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 261–263
- ^ U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 305–311
- ^ a b c d e f U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 305-311
- San Francisco Maritime National Park Association (2002). USS Pampanito. Retrieved May 10, 2005.
- Department Of The Navy, Naval Historical Center. USS Pampanito. Retrieved May 10, 2005.
- "USS Pampanito". World War II in the San Francisco Bay Area. National Park Service. Retrieved 2007-03-23.
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships. The entry can be found here.
External links
- USS Pampanito pages from the San Francisco Maritime National Park Association
- Google maps aerial view
- HNSA Ship Page: USS Pampanito
- Template:Geolinks-US-buildingscale
