Dera Ghazi Khan: Difference between revisions
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'''Dera Ghazi Khan''' ([[Balochi language|Balochi]], {{lang-ur|{{Nastaliq|ڈیرہ غازی خان}}}}) is located in [[Dera Ghazi Khan District]], [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]], [[Pakistan]]. Dera Ghazi Khan is one of the most populous cities in Southern Punjab and it is the largest district in Punjab in terms of area, being approximately {{convert|5306|sqmi|km2}} in extent. |
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==Languages== |
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[[Balochi language|Balochi]] is the main language spoken in this region. But few other languages that are spoken include |
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[[Urdu]],[[Balochi language|Siraiki]],[[Punjabi language|Punjabi]],[[Pashto]],[[Sindhi language|Sindhi]]. |
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==History== |
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The city was founded at the close of the 15th century and named after [[Nawab Ghazi Khan Mirrani]], son of [[Nawab Haji Khan Mirrani]], a [[Baloch]]i chieftain, who had declared independence from the [[Langhi Dynasty]] [[Sultan]]s of [[Multan]]. Together with two other ''Deras'' i.e. settlements, [[Dera Ismail Khan]] and [[Dera Fateh Khan]], it gave its name to [[Derajat]]. [[Derajat]] eventually came into the possession of the [[British Empire|British]] after the [[Sikh War]] in 1849 and was divided into two districts: Dera Ghazi Khan and [[Dera Ismail Khan]]. After the [[partition of India]], many of the city's [[Hindu]] residents settled in [[Derawal Nagar]] colony of [[Delhi]], [[India]].<ref name="The Tribune - Derawal Nagar">{{cite web|url = http://www.tribuneindia.com/2003/20030319/ncr1.htm| title = Colonies, posh and model in name only!|publisher = NCR Tribune|accessdate = 2007-12-16}}</ref> The district of [[Rajanpur District|Rajanpur]] was later carved out of the Dera Ghazi Khan district. Some of them also settled in various part of India, including Bhiwani, Delhi, Jhansi, Ranchi, Ambala and Haridwar. |
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Dera Ghazi Khan was founded in 15th century by Amar a Tribal Sardar of [[Mirani]] tribe. The old city of Dera Ghazi Khan was situated at the distance of {{convert|10|mi|km}} towards east of the present city. In 1908, the old city of Dera Ghazi Khan was abolished due to heavy flood in the river Indus. Resultantly the existing city of Dera Ghazi Khan was came into being in the year 1910. The city is divided into different blocks. The British ruler established colonial system in the continent and declared D.G.Khan as district in the year 1849. General Court Land was appointed as first Deputy Commissioner of this District. Keeping in view the rapidly increasing population of the area and deteriorating law and order situation district D.G.Khan was divided in two districts i.e. D.G.Khan and Rajanpur. Presently there are two revenue sub division of the District. A [[tribal belt (Pakistan)|tribal belt]]/political area spread along with western side of the District. |
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==Historical Growth== |
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Dera Ghazi Khan is situated on the western bank of the Indus river. It was founded by a Balouch ruler, [[nawab]] [[Haji Khan Mirrani]], also called [[Mirani]] [[Balouch]],in 1476; he named the town after his son [[Ghazi Khan Mirrani]]. In those days, game abounded near Dera Ghazi Khan and the fields were green. [[Haji Khan Mirrani]] was a great cattle owner and was attracted to the site by the plentiful supply of grass. It was known as "Dera Phoolan Tha Sehra" due to plenty of gardens and kastori canal, supplied by the Indus river. |
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In 1909-10, this cradle of [[Mirrani civilisation]] was inundated by the Indus. At that time, there was a population of about 23,731. The present town was built {{convert|10|mi|km}} from the old town. It was laid out on a grid pattern comprising 66 blocks with wide long roads and streets. Two open spaces were planned in each block for social gatherings. Some of these have been encroached upon. |
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The population of the new developed town in 1911 was 18,446. This 2.22% decrease of population was due to dislocation of population after the destruction of the previous settlement. |
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In the year 1913, the Municipal Committee came in to existence. At that time, the area of the town was very small. Physical growth continued and now the area was about {{convert|4|sqmi|km2}}. The major growth of the town has taken place since 1947. The town has largely spread to the north and south; it could not expand to the west due to the danger of flooding torrents such as affected the town in 1955. However, growth has also taken place in the eastern side. Almost all of the new developments in north and east of the planned town are haphazardly built. |
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The development in the town from 1947 to 1958 remained slow, due to lack of transportation and communication facilities. Only a boat bridge on the river Indus in winter season and steamer service for summer season linked Dera Ghazi Khan with the rest of the Punjab. [[Taunsa Barrage]] on river Indus was completed in 1953 and the pace of development gained momentum. During the last 5 years, 72 industrial units were established. Ghazi Textile mills is another attempt to establish a heavy industrial complex in order to raise the economic base of the town. |
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==Writers== |
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These are siraiki and Urdu writers of Dera Ghazi Khan |
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*''''''Noor Muhammad Sael''''' Siraiki poet |
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*''''''Ahmed Khan Tariq''''' Well known siraiki poet. His books are ''gharon dar tareen'', ''makon see lagday'' |
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*''''''Aziz Shahid''''' These collections of his poetry are famous.''Phul Sarmi de''.and ''Man Derya te'' |
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*''''''Ramzan Talib''''' Siraiki poet |
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*''''''Qazi Razi''''' His books ''Multani Qaeda''(primer)and ''Gul-i-Anar'' are famous |
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*'''''Ghulam Hussain Zaer''''' Siraiki poet No published collection |
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*''''''Kaif Ansari''''' Urdu poet.Two collections of his poetry has been published .''Kis ne dekha mera chira''.''Zanjeeroon ka Noha'' |
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*''''''Mohsin Naqvi Shaheed''''' Urdu poet . ''Band-i-Qaba'' is his first collection of poetry. He wrote poetry on Karbala. |
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*''''''Nadeem Jafri''''' Urdu poet .''Khana-i-Zanjeer'' is his collection of poetry |
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*''''''Shafqt Kazmi''''' Urdu poet .''Hasrat kada'' and ''Daghi-hasrat'' are his books .He was pupil of Hasrat Mohani and teacher of Muhsin Naqvi |
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*''''''Sarwar Karbali''''' Siraiki poet. His two Siraiki collections were published after his death.''Naghme nok Sanan de'' and ''Sijh da Seena'' |
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*''''''Atif Hassan''''' Free lance writer, regularly write for Pakistan and Gulf Economist, an Educationist, PhD Fellow and sole author of book Business Computing |
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*'''''Amer Faheem''' '' '' Jagdi Akh da Khab'' is his first collection of Siraiki fictions |
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* [http://www.AliKhan.org ''Muhammad Ali Khan (a.k.a. Ali Khan)''] (born in Dera Ghazi Khan) is a Poet (First Urdu Poet whose complete book [http://www.AliKhan.org/urdu ''Kya Kami Thi''] is on-line since 1998) and [http://www.AliKhan.org free-lance journalist] based in USA. |
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*'''Zaka Ullah Anjum Malghani'' siraiki and Urdu poet and columnist .'' His first book of poetry Khawahishon ka Sahra '' |
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*''''''Iqbal Sokary'''' siraiki poet and writer of many siraiki books |
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*'''Dilber Hussain - '''''siraiki and Urdu poet and columnist. Famous publications:- "Wasebi Sukhanwar Part 1,02,03) It is a total discussion on poets and writer of Dera Ghazi Khan. Further - "Guftar-e-Dilber", "Lamha Lamha Ibrat" Yadgar-e-Akram" & Naksh-e-Kamal" Dua-e-Kumail in saraiki Traslation. Dilber is energetic, enthusiastic and social worker. He is active participant in local literature organizations like Bazm-e-Akram, Rooh-e-Adab- Kot Chutta” Qandel-e-Adab – Notak Mehmeed..''''' |
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*'''Dr. Ghani Ahsen''''' MBBS - ''Religious poetry contribution'' " Imam-e-tishnagi" - Urdu poetry |
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*'''Fareed Sajid''''' Saraiki Poet - '''' " Chinty" is favourate book- sariki poetry |
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*''''''Dr.Manzoor Afaqi'''' Religious Person - His best publication " La-raib-bfi" Best Resarch work on the Book of Allah - " The book which have No doubt" |
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*'''Javed Ahsen''''' '' " Ahsn-e-Taqveem" is favourate book |
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*'''Qudsia Kousar Bhatti ''''' She is ret. educationist and have very good poetry in Saraiki and Urdu |
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''' |
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'''Dr. Muhammad Hashim Chishti :'''''' (Writer,Poet)Widely known and respected in sataiki and Urdu literary circles of Dera Ghazi Khan |
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''''''Muhammad Shafeeq Moeen Chishti :'''''' A young poet with fascinating work both in saraiki and Urdu poetry |
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''''''Muhammad Naveed/Waqas Ahmad Chishti :'''''' Emerging Poets |
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==Geography and climate== |
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Dera Ghazi Khan is located at 30'03" N and 70'38" E. The overall climate of the city is dry with scanty rain fall. The winter is not very cold and the climate is hot during the remaining part of the year, but it is very hot in summer. The temperature during summer is usually about {{convert|115|°F|°C|abbr=on}}. While during winter season the mercury goes down as far as {{convert|40|°F|°C|abbr=on}}.The direction of the winds being North-South through out the year. Due to barren mountain of Koh-Suleman and sandy soil of the area, windstorm are very common in Summer season especially in July-August Period. The summer season of the district usually touches the highest point of temperature is Pakistan. |
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[[Fort Munro]], located on edge of Punjab Province, in Dist. D.G.Khan holds relatively cooler weather. In Winter, scattered snowfall is also reported in this area. |
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==Administration== |
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As well as being district capital - Dera Ghazi Khan is also the capital of [[Dera Ghazi Khan Tehsil]], an administrative subdivision of the district. The town of Dera Ghazi Khan is itself administratively subdivided into seven [[Union Councils of Pakistan|Union Councils]].<ref>[http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/union.asp?district=7&dn=D.G.%20Khan Tehsils & Unions in the District of D.G. Khan - Government of Pakistan]</ref>. The city [[Nazim]], equivalent to a mayor, is Maqsood Ahmed Khan Leghari.<ref>[http://www.nrb.gov.pk/lg_election/contact.asp?district=7&dn=D.G.%20Khan Zila Nazim]</ref> |
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==Historical and Interesting Places== |
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'''Tomb of Ghazi Khan''' |
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The tomb of Ghazi Khan was built in the beginning of 15th century. This seems like the tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam in Multan. This is present in the Mulla Qaid Shah Graveyard. Its main gate is from eastern side and two small doors are in side of north and south. In it there are 11 graves, which are of the family of Ghazi Khan. Every side of the tomb is {{convert|13|ft|m}} and {{convert|3|in|mm}} from inner side and which are conical minarets from out side. Its circular distance from the earth is {{convert|17|ft|m}} and half. The half diameter of the conical minarets remains {{convert|34|in|mm}} on the highet of {{convert|19|ft|m}}. There are 28 ladders from northern side in the internal side. The Graveyard came into being due to the tomb of Ghazi Khan. This is the oldest building of the city Dera Ghazi Khan. |
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'''Church Yard''' |
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In front of central jail there is a residential colony named Canal Colony. The church yard is situated in the northern side of the colony. This is the unique church yard which is situated in the |
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walls on its four sides. This church yard could not spread because of minority of the Christian in the local area. This was came into being in the year 1910. |
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'''Shah Bagh Mosque''' |
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After the destruction of the old Dera Ghazi Khan when the people of Dera Ghazi Khan shifted in the new city. This is the first Mosque where they performed their first Jumma Namaz. It is in the Block 7.In the city people performed their first Jumma Namaz behind the Mutawali of the Mosque named Syed Bagh Ali Shah. So this is the first and old mosque of the city. |
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'''Jamia Masjid''' |
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This is the biggest Masjid of the city. Which was constructed in year 1916.There is a large pool in the Masjid which is used for making ablution. It has a big hall for saying prayer whose length is {{convert|100|ft|m}} and width is {{convert|45|ft|m}}, in which 3000 men can say their prayer at one time. Its courtyard is also big in which 10,000 men can say their prayer. The minarets of the Masjid are {{convert|85|ft|m}} high in which there are 100 ladders. |
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'''Masjid Fazal-e-Haq''' |
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After the Jamia Masjid Block # 3, this is the biggest and oldest Masjid of the city. In which 8000 people can say their prayer at one time. This is situated in the Block 28. Its beginning stone was kept by Maulvi Fazal Haq (Marhoom) who died in the year 1965.Who is buried in the courtyard of this Masjid. |
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'''Fort Munro''' |
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[[Fort Munro]] is a hill station in Dera Ghazi Khan which lies on the Quetta Road at 85 km from Dera Ghazi Khan city in the Sulaiman Mountains Range. Its altitude is 1800 meters (6,470 feet) above sea level and attracts many people for short stays during the summer. |
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'''Taunsa Barrage''' |
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Taunsa Barrage is situated in the northern side of the city D.G.Khan at the distance of 60 km. It is worth seeing place. It is also a good picnic point. Many school trips and families use to go for recreation. |
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==Parks of the city== |
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'''D.C Garden''' |
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Its area is 81 canals and 3 marlas. Divisional Public School and Wild Life Park was also the part of DC Garden. Although it is administrative and residential area but it has natural greenery same like past. D.G.Khan administration has made the D.G.Khan officers club, where the officers use to play games like squash, badminton, and tennis. It has the beautiful building in this area. Govt. employees, advocates, politicians, journalists ,and the local people are also the member of this club. |
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'''Company Bagh''' |
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This is called the second garden of the city. East Indian Company made the company bagh in every district. This is known as company bagh. Its area is 162 canals and 12 Marlas. In 1948 a friends club was made in this area. Company bagh is used to play Football, Hockey, Volley Ball, Badminton, Table Tennis and for other games. |
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'''Ghazi Park''' |
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This is the one of the beautiful parks of the city. This is also known as Behari Park. It is only one park of the city where the entrance is not with out ticket. Exhibition has arranged in one time in the year since 1999. the time of this exhibition is February to March. |
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'''The River Bank of River Indus''' |
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The western bank of the river Indus is a peaceful picnic point for the peoples of D.G.Khan. From here the view of the river is looks like most beautiful. It is also known as the name of GHAZI GHAT. Ghazi Ghat welcomes the people of upper Punjab before entering in the city D.G.Khan. |
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'''Zoo''' |
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D. G. Khan has also a Zoo that recently developed by the great efforts of Mr.Abdul Aleem Shah Ex MPA Dera Ghazi Khan City like Lahore Zoo. It is the good place for recreation. It has many types of animals and birds. its entrance is with ticket on Cash. It is known as wild life park Dera Ghazi Khan. It is controlled by the Department Deputy Warden. |
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==Other Places== |
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''' Sangam Chowk ''' Pull Dot |
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On the south tip of the city there is a chowk named Sangam Chowk because it is said that Dera Ghazi Khan city is at the edge of Pakistan and Sangam Chowk is named so as from this Chowk you can take to any provincial capital road in Pakistan. |
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'''Shopping Centres''' |
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The following shopping Markets/Centres are situated in City D.G.Khan: |
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* '''Grain market''' of district D.G.Khan is well renewed in the south Punjab. Most of the farmer and traders of the region are affiliated with the grain market. Wheat, Cotton, and Rice are the major crops of the area |
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* '''Rani Bazar''' is another business center situated in city D.G.Khan. All kinds of jewelry and beautiful dresses of ladies are available in this market. Mostly ladies purchase their needy articles from this market. |
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* '''Cloth Market''' is another business centre of the city and situated in Saddar Bazar near Committee Gollai. |
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* '''Electronic Market''' falls within the middest of the city i.e round the Gollai Committee. |
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* '''Medicine Markets''' is situated near Civil Hospital D.G.Khan. All kind of medicine are available from the market. |
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* '''Vegetable and Fruit Market''' is situated within the area near the Faridi Bazar. A huge quantity of Apples, Khubani, Aalobukhara and other kind of vegetable are being brought in this market from Bluchistan and thereafter the same are being supplied to the other district of Punjab Province. |
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* '''Mobile Market''' is a big mobile market in heart of Dera Ghazi Khan. Every type of mobiles and mobile related shops are in this area. |
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==Business and Industry== |
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Two prominent employers in Dera Ghazi Khan are the D.G.Khan Cement Company and the Al-Ghazi Tractor Company. It is considered that these companies, along with various other flour mills, companies in the [[cotton]], chemical, [[textile]] industries, as well as rice, sugar, and [[ghee]] mills, form the backbone of the Pakistan's economy. |
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==Transport== |
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Dera Ghazi Khan is well connected with the country by a wide network of roads, railways and airways. |
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Also there is an airport, situated 20 km away from city, on Sakhi Sarwar Road called [[Dera Ghazi Khan Airport]] (DEA). It provides weekly 6 flights, 1 for Lahore, 1 for Islamabad and 4 for Karachi.Mostly Fokkers are used,from karachi ,as well as from lahore. PIA is the only airline operating in this area. |
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[[Dera Ghazi Khan Airport]] (DEA) is suitable only for Fokkers and small jets, e.g. [[Boeing 737]]. |
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More technical data about this airport is available at [http://www.eais.com.pk/airport%20data%20files/OPDG.htm Dera Ghazi Khan Airport]. |
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==Education== |
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Dera Ghazi has a literacy rate of 40 percent. '''Schools''' |
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The City has a variety of Schools both by the Public Sector and Private Sector. Government High School No. 1 being the most prominent and old School of the city, holds several academic as well as extra-curricular awards. There are well equiped laborateries , all students can use these. Three high (matriculation) school for girls and 4 for boys provide enough facilitation to the youth in the context of education. In Private Sector, Divisional Public School (DPS)has invoked a race of competition by starting Higher Cambridge Education (O LEVELS AND A LEVELS). And the first batch of O LEVELS has passed exam in 2004. The city also include branches of famous School-Chains nationwide like; Bloomfield Hall School (BHS), The City School (TCS), The Educators, AIMS etc. |
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'''Colleges''' |
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It also have 7 Govt. colleges , 2 Degree colleges for boys , 2 Degree colleges for women. 2 commerce colleges ,one for boys and one for girls. And one Thechnical college. The medical college is under construction . There are many other colleges are in working. |
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Degree Colleges for Girls and one Post Graduate College which operates under Bahauddin Zakriya University, [[Multan]]. Private Colleges are also establishing quality education in the area.A Government Institute of Technology is also serving in Dera Ghazi Khan. |
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HASSAN MIRZA |
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'''Universities''' |
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Virtual University of Pakistan has established its campus here since 2004 through the struggle of Ex-IT Minister, Awais Ahmed Leghari, which is providing both campus based and distance learning education primarily based on IT tools & technology. There are sub-campuses of BZ University Multan and University of Education, and UAF College of Agriculture (constituent college of University of Agriculture Faisalabad), Other prominent educational organisation is Allama Iqbal Open University Centre. |
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'''Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Sub Campus D.G.Khan''' |
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BZU Multan Sub Campus is the most prestigious institute of the area, provinding education to the people in Business Administration, Computer Science, Economics, English and Sociology. Initially the campus started MBA Program and now there are BBA, MBA Executive, MBA-IT, MBA Evening, BBA Evening, M.A English, Sociology, MSc. Economics, and MCS programs. Campus was honored when a student Azhar Farooq of MBA 1st batch got the Gold Medal in MBA program by getting top position in the university. Next year Asma Sajad, Muhammad Ali Nasir in MBA and Haroon Rasheed MBA Executive got the distinctions. |
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Now a days Mr. Azhar Farooq is the senior most faculty member and working as Controller Examination also. Mr. Sherdil Kamran is also a former student who is lecturer in the campus. Students participate in a forum called as Executive Forum to continue different activities. |
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Mr. Haroon Rasheed was the Director Students' Affairs of the campus and managed the students' affairs very effecively and efficiently. Now a days he got a scholarship for PhD and is on leave. |
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Two Lecturers of BZU Multan Sub Campus D.G.Khan, Shahzada Fahad Qureshi and Haroon Rasheed got Chinese & Pak Government scholarships on merit and now are in Wuhan China for their PhD. |
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People of D.G. Khan expect that a full fledged university will also be established in D.G. Khan. |
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all information by . HASSAN MIRZA . DERE GHAZI KHAN |
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==Health Facilities== |
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In D.G Khan, there is a big civil hospital called the ''Divisional Headquarters Hospital'', along with many private hospitals and labs. The number of beds is being doubled from 250 to 500. Ghazi Medical College is under Construction in the City. Along with the DHQ there are several Private Hospital working for the walfare of the People of D.G.Khan . But the BUKHARI LAB (Hi Technology Pathology Laboratory ) is the famous laboratory which gives excellence services to the people of Dera GHazi Khan.Because Syed Majid Raza Bukhari (consultant Bio-Chemist) is the first Bio-technologist Of The Division Dera Ghazi Khan.who is Higher qualified in labotory technology(M.Sc.BioChemistry).And he is also ex- supervisor of Pathology Department Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital Lahore. |
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==The Rich Agricultural Land== |
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Dera Ghazi Khan is a rich agricultural land with cotton, wheat, sugarcane, rice, tobacco being the major crops grown. Dera Ghazi Khan is also well known for its [[Date Palm|dates]]. The district is now connected by railroad with other parts of the country including [[Multan]], [[Lahore]], [[Karachi]] and [[Quetta]]. The railway was built by the British before the partition of India. |
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==See also== |
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* [[Dera Ghazi Khan Airport]] |
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* [[Punjab (Pakistan)|Punjab]] |
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* [[Pakistan]] |
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* [[Indus river]] |
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* [[Balochistan (Pakistan)|Balochistan]] |
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* [[Taunsa Sharif]] |
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* [[Bahawalpur (princely state)]] |
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* [[Saraiki language]] |
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* [[Saraiki literature]] |
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* [[Saraikistan]] |
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* [[Saraiki nationalist movement]] |
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* [[Saraiki Wasaib]] |
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* [[Saraiki Culture]] |
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==References== |
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* {{1911}} |
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{{reflist}} |
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* "How Pakistan Made Nuclear Fuel" by Munir Ahmad Khan, former chairperson of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission: Islamabad The Nation 7 February 1998, page 7 [Pakistan: Article on How Pakistan Made Nuclear Fuel : FBIS-NES-98-042 : 11 Feb 1998]. |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.dgkhan.org/ Lot of information about current D.G Khan] |
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* [http://www.geocities.com/dgkhan2001/cz1.htm Dera Ghazi Khan] |
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* [http://ftp.fas.org/nuke/guide/pakistan/facility/dera.htm Dera Ghazi Khan - Pakistan Special Weapons Facilities] |
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* [http://www.bartelby.com/65/de/DeraGhaz.html Dera Ghazi Khan. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05] |
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* [http://www.world66.com/asia/southasia/pakistan/dera_ghazi_khan Dera Ghazi Khan travel guide] |
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{{Dera-Ghazi-Khan-Union-Councils}} |
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[[Category:Cities, towns and villages in Dera Ghazi Khan District]] |
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[[ca:Dera Ghazi Khan]] |
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[[de:Dera Ghazi Khan]] |
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[[fr:Dera Ghazi Khan]] |
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[[hi:डेरा गाज़ी खान]] |
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[[no:Dera Ghazi Khan]] |
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[[pnb:ڈیرہ غازی خان]] |
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[[pl:Dera Gazi Khan]] |
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Revision as of 20:10, 18 December 2009
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Dera Ghazi Khan | |
|---|---|
| Country |  Pakistan |
| Province | Punjab |
| District | Dera Ghazi Khan District |
| Time zone | UTC+5 (PST) |
| • Summer (DST) | +6 |
Dera Ghazi Khan (Balochi, Urdu: ڈیرہ غازی خان) is located in Dera Ghazi Khan District, Punjab, Pakistan. Dera Ghazi Khan is one of the most populous cities in Southern Punjab and it is the largest district in Punjab in terms of area, being approximately 5,306 square miles (13,740 km2) in extent.
Languages
Balochi is the main language spoken in this region. But few other languages that are spoken include Urdu,Siraiki,Punjabi,Pashto,Sindhi.
History
The city was founded at the close of the 15th century and named after Nawab Ghazi Khan Mirrani, son of Nawab Haji Khan Mirrani, a Balochi chieftain, who had declared independence from the Langhi Dynasty Sultans of Multan. Together with two other Deras i.e. settlements, Dera Ismail Khan and Dera Fateh Khan, it gave its name to Derajat. Derajat eventually came into the possession of the British after the Sikh War in 1849 and was divided into two districts: Dera Ghazi Khan and Dera Ismail Khan. After the partition of India, many of the city's Hindu residents settled in Derawal Nagar colony of Delhi, India.[1] The district of Rajanpur was later carved out of the Dera Ghazi Khan district. Some of them also settled in various part of India, including Bhiwani, Delhi, Jhansi, Ranchi, Ambala and Haridwar.
Dera Ghazi Khan was founded in 15th century by Amar a Tribal Sardar of Mirani tribe. The old city of Dera Ghazi Khan was situated at the distance of 10 miles (16 km) towards east of the present city. In 1908, the old city of Dera Ghazi Khan was abolished due to heavy flood in the river Indus. Resultantly the existing city of Dera Ghazi Khan was came into being in the year 1910. The city is divided into different blocks. The British ruler established colonial system in the continent and declared D.G.Khan as district in the year 1849. General Court Land was appointed as first Deputy Commissioner of this District. Keeping in view the rapidly increasing population of the area and deteriorating law and order situation district D.G.Khan was divided in two districts i.e. D.G.Khan and Rajanpur. Presently there are two revenue sub division of the District. A tribal belt/political area spread along with western side of the District.
Historical Growth
Dera Ghazi Khan is situated on the western bank of the Indus river. It was founded by a Balouch ruler, nawab Haji Khan Mirrani, also called Mirani Balouch,in 1476; he named the town after his son Ghazi Khan Mirrani. In those days, game abounded near Dera Ghazi Khan and the fields were green. Haji Khan Mirrani was a great cattle owner and was attracted to the site by the plentiful supply of grass. It was known as "Dera Phoolan Tha Sehra" due to plenty of gardens and kastori canal, supplied by the Indus river.
In 1909-10, this cradle of Mirrani civilisation was inundated by the Indus. At that time, there was a population of about 23,731. The present town was built 10 miles (16 km) from the old town. It was laid out on a grid pattern comprising 66 blocks with wide long roads and streets. Two open spaces were planned in each block for social gatherings. Some of these have been encroached upon.
The population of the new developed town in 1911 was 18,446. This 2.22% decrease of population was due to dislocation of population after the destruction of the previous settlement.
In the year 1913, the Municipal Committee came in to existence. At that time, the area of the town was very small. Physical growth continued and now the area was about 4 square miles (10 km2). The major growth of the town has taken place since 1947. The town has largely spread to the north and south; it could not expand to the west due to the danger of flooding torrents such as affected the town in 1955. However, growth has also taken place in the eastern side. Almost all of the new developments in north and east of the planned town are haphazardly built.
The development in the town from 1947 to 1958 remained slow, due to lack of transportation and communication facilities. Only a boat bridge on the river Indus in winter season and steamer service for summer season linked Dera Ghazi Khan with the rest of the Punjab. Taunsa Barrage on river Indus was completed in 1953 and the pace of development gained momentum. During the last 5 years, 72 industrial units were established. Ghazi Textile mills is another attempt to establish a heavy industrial complex in order to raise the economic base of the town.
Writers
These are siraiki and Urdu writers of Dera Ghazi Khan
- 'Noor Muhammad Sael Siraiki poet
- 'Ahmed Khan Tariq Well known siraiki poet. His books are gharon dar tareen, makon see lagday
- 'Aziz Shahid These collections of his poetry are famous.Phul Sarmi de.and Man Derya te
- 'Ramzan Talib Siraiki poet
- 'Qazi Razi His books Multani Qaeda(primer)and Gul-i-Anar are famous
- Ghulam Hussain Zaer Siraiki poet No published collection
- 'Kaif Ansari Urdu poet.Two collections of his poetry has been published .Kis ne dekha mera chira.Zanjeeroon ka Noha
- 'Mohsin Naqvi Shaheed Urdu poet . Band-i-Qaba is his first collection of poetry. He wrote poetry on Karbala.
- 'Nadeem Jafri Urdu poet .Khana-i-Zanjeer is his collection of poetry
- 'Shafqt Kazmi Urdu poet .Hasrat kada and Daghi-hasrat are his books .He was pupil of Hasrat Mohani and teacher of Muhsin Naqvi
- 'Sarwar Karbali Siraiki poet. His two Siraiki collections were published after his death.Naghme nok Sanan de and Sijh da Seena
- 'Atif Hassan Free lance writer, regularly write for Pakistan and Gulf Economist, an Educationist, PhD Fellow and sole author of book Business Computing
- Amer Faheem Jagdi Akh da Khab is his first collection of Siraiki fictions
- Muhammad Ali Khan (a.k.a. Ali Khan) (born in Dera Ghazi Khan) is a Poet (First Urdu Poet whose complete book Kya Kami Thi is on-line since 1998) and free-lance journalist based in USA.
- 'Zaka Ullah Anjum Malghani siraiki and Urdu poet and columnist . His first book of poetry Khawahishon ka Sahra
- 'Iqbal Sokary' siraiki poet and writer of many siraiki books
- Dilber Hussain - siraiki and Urdu poet and columnist. Famous publications:- "Wasebi Sukhanwar Part 1,02,03) It is a total discussion on poets and writer of Dera Ghazi Khan. Further - "Guftar-e-Dilber", "Lamha Lamha Ibrat" Yadgar-e-Akram" & Naksh-e-Kamal" Dua-e-Kumail in saraiki Traslation. Dilber is energetic, enthusiastic and social worker. He is active participant in local literature organizations like Bazm-e-Akram, Rooh-e-Adab- Kot Chutta” Qandel-e-Adab – Notak Mehmeed..
- Dr. Ghani Ahsen MBBS - Religious poetry contribution " Imam-e-tishnagi" - Urdu poetry
- Fareed Sajid Saraiki Poet - '' " Chinty" is favourate book- sariki poetry
- 'Dr.Manzoor Afaqi' Religious Person - His best publication " La-raib-bfi" Best Resarch work on the Book of Allah - " The book which have No doubt"
- Javed Ahsen " Ahsn-e-Taqveem" is favourate book
- Qudsia Kousar Bhatti She is ret. educationist and have very good poetry in Saraiki and Urdu
Dr. Muhammad Hashim Chishti :' (Writer,Poet)Widely known and respected in sataiki and Urdu literary circles of Dera Ghazi Khan
'Muhammad Shafeeq Moeen Chishti :' A young poet with fascinating work both in saraiki and Urdu poetry
'Muhammad Naveed/Waqas Ahmad Chishti :' Emerging Poets
Geography and climate
Dera Ghazi Khan is located at 30'03" N and 70'38" E. The overall climate of the city is dry with scanty rain fall. The winter is not very cold and the climate is hot during the remaining part of the year, but it is very hot in summer. The temperature during summer is usually about 115 °F (46 °C). While during winter season the mercury goes down as far as 40 °F (4 °C).The direction of the winds being North-South through out the year. Due to barren mountain of Koh-Suleman and sandy soil of the area, windstorm are very common in Summer season especially in July-August Period. The summer season of the district usually touches the highest point of temperature is Pakistan.
Fort Munro, located on edge of Punjab Province, in Dist. D.G.Khan holds relatively cooler weather. In Winter, scattered snowfall is also reported in this area.
Administration
As well as being district capital - Dera Ghazi Khan is also the capital of Dera Ghazi Khan Tehsil, an administrative subdivision of the district. The town of Dera Ghazi Khan is itself administratively subdivided into seven Union Councils.[2]. The city Nazim, equivalent to a mayor, is Maqsood Ahmed Khan Leghari.[3]
Historical and Interesting Places
Tomb of Ghazi Khan
The tomb of Ghazi Khan was built in the beginning of 15th century. This seems like the tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam in Multan. This is present in the Mulla Qaid Shah Graveyard. Its main gate is from eastern side and two small doors are in side of north and south. In it there are 11 graves, which are of the family of Ghazi Khan. Every side of the tomb is 13 feet (4.0 m) and 3 inches (76 mm) from inner side and which are conical minarets from out side. Its circular distance from the earth is 17 feet (5.2 m) and half. The half diameter of the conical minarets remains 34 inches (860 mm) on the highet of 19 feet (5.8 m). There are 28 ladders from northern side in the internal side. The Graveyard came into being due to the tomb of Ghazi Khan. This is the oldest building of the city Dera Ghazi Khan.
Church Yard
In front of central jail there is a residential colony named Canal Colony. The church yard is situated in the northern side of the colony. This is the unique church yard which is situated in the walls on its four sides. This church yard could not spread because of minority of the Christian in the local area. This was came into being in the year 1910.
Shah Bagh Mosque
After the destruction of the old Dera Ghazi Khan when the people of Dera Ghazi Khan shifted in the new city. This is the first Mosque where they performed their first Jumma Namaz. It is in the Block 7.In the city people performed their first Jumma Namaz behind the Mutawali of the Mosque named Syed Bagh Ali Shah. So this is the first and old mosque of the city.
Jamia Masjid
This is the biggest Masjid of the city. Which was constructed in year 1916.There is a large pool in the Masjid which is used for making ablution. It has a big hall for saying prayer whose length is 100 feet (30 m) and width is 45 feet (14 m), in which 3000 men can say their prayer at one time. Its courtyard is also big in which 10,000 men can say their prayer. The minarets of the Masjid are 85 feet (26 m) high in which there are 100 ladders.
Masjid Fazal-e-Haq
After the Jamia Masjid Block # 3, this is the biggest and oldest Masjid of the city. In which 8000 people can say their prayer at one time. This is situated in the Block 28. Its beginning stone was kept by Maulvi Fazal Haq (Marhoom) who died in the year 1965.Who is buried in the courtyard of this Masjid.
Fort Munro
Fort Munro is a hill station in Dera Ghazi Khan which lies on the Quetta Road at 85 km from Dera Ghazi Khan city in the Sulaiman Mountains Range. Its altitude is 1800 meters (6,470 feet) above sea level and attracts many people for short stays during the summer.
Taunsa Barrage
Taunsa Barrage is situated in the northern side of the city D.G.Khan at the distance of 60 km. It is worth seeing place. It is also a good picnic point. Many school trips and families use to go for recreation.
Parks of the city
D.C Garden
Its area is 81 canals and 3 marlas. Divisional Public School and Wild Life Park was also the part of DC Garden. Although it is administrative and residential area but it has natural greenery same like past. D.G.Khan administration has made the D.G.Khan officers club, where the officers use to play games like squash, badminton, and tennis. It has the beautiful building in this area. Govt. employees, advocates, politicians, journalists ,and the local people are also the member of this club.
Company Bagh
This is called the second garden of the city. East Indian Company made the company bagh in every district. This is known as company bagh. Its area is 162 canals and 12 Marlas. In 1948 a friends club was made in this area. Company bagh is used to play Football, Hockey, Volley Ball, Badminton, Table Tennis and for other games.
Ghazi Park
This is the one of the beautiful parks of the city. This is also known as Behari Park. It is only one park of the city where the entrance is not with out ticket. Exhibition has arranged in one time in the year since 1999. the time of this exhibition is February to March.
The River Bank of River Indus
The western bank of the river Indus is a peaceful picnic point for the peoples of D.G.Khan. From here the view of the river is looks like most beautiful. It is also known as the name of GHAZI GHAT. Ghazi Ghat welcomes the people of upper Punjab before entering in the city D.G.Khan.
Zoo
D. G. Khan has also a Zoo that recently developed by the great efforts of Mr.Abdul Aleem Shah Ex MPA Dera Ghazi Khan City like Lahore Zoo. It is the good place for recreation. It has many types of animals and birds. its entrance is with ticket on Cash. It is known as wild life park Dera Ghazi Khan. It is controlled by the Department Deputy Warden.
Other Places
Sangam Chowk Pull Dot
On the south tip of the city there is a chowk named Sangam Chowk because it is said that Dera Ghazi Khan city is at the edge of Pakistan and Sangam Chowk is named so as from this Chowk you can take to any provincial capital road in Pakistan.
Shopping Centres
The following shopping Markets/Centres are situated in City D.G.Khan:
- Grain market of district D.G.Khan is well renewed in the south Punjab. Most of the farmer and traders of the region are affiliated with the grain market. Wheat, Cotton, and Rice are the major crops of the area
- Rani Bazar is another business center situated in city D.G.Khan. All kinds of jewelry and beautiful dresses of ladies are available in this market. Mostly ladies purchase their needy articles from this market.
- Cloth Market is another business centre of the city and situated in Saddar Bazar near Committee Gollai.
- Electronic Market falls within the middest of the city i.e round the Gollai Committee.
- Medicine Markets is situated near Civil Hospital D.G.Khan. All kind of medicine are available from the market.
- Vegetable and Fruit Market is situated within the area near the Faridi Bazar. A huge quantity of Apples, Khubani, Aalobukhara and other kind of vegetable are being brought in this market from Bluchistan and thereafter the same are being supplied to the other district of Punjab Province.
- Mobile Market is a big mobile market in heart of Dera Ghazi Khan. Every type of mobiles and mobile related shops are in this area.
Business and Industry
Two prominent employers in Dera Ghazi Khan are the D.G.Khan Cement Company and the Al-Ghazi Tractor Company. It is considered that these companies, along with various other flour mills, companies in the cotton, chemical, textile industries, as well as rice, sugar, and ghee mills, form the backbone of the Pakistan's economy.
Transport
Dera Ghazi Khan is well connected with the country by a wide network of roads, railways and airways.
Also there is an airport, situated 20 km away from city, on Sakhi Sarwar Road called Dera Ghazi Khan Airport (DEA). It provides weekly 6 flights, 1 for Lahore, 1 for Islamabad and 4 for Karachi.Mostly Fokkers are used,from karachi ,as well as from lahore. PIA is the only airline operating in this area.
Dera Ghazi Khan Airport (DEA) is suitable only for Fokkers and small jets, e.g. Boeing 737. More technical data about this airport is available at Dera Ghazi Khan Airport.
Education
Dera Ghazi has a literacy rate of 40 percent. Schools
The City has a variety of Schools both by the Public Sector and Private Sector. Government High School No. 1 being the most prominent and old School of the city, holds several academic as well as extra-curricular awards. There are well equiped laborateries , all students can use these. Three high (matriculation) school for girls and 4 for boys provide enough facilitation to the youth in the context of education. In Private Sector, Divisional Public School (DPS)has invoked a race of competition by starting Higher Cambridge Education (O LEVELS AND A LEVELS). And the first batch of O LEVELS has passed exam in 2004. The city also include branches of famous School-Chains nationwide like; Bloomfield Hall School (BHS), The City School (TCS), The Educators, AIMS etc.
Colleges It also have 7 Govt. colleges , 2 Degree colleges for boys , 2 Degree colleges for women. 2 commerce colleges ,one for boys and one for girls. And one Thechnical college. The medical college is under construction . There are many other colleges are in working.
Degree Colleges for Girls and one Post Graduate College which operates under Bahauddin Zakriya University, Multan. Private Colleges are also establishing quality education in the area.A Government Institute of Technology is also serving in Dera Ghazi Khan. HASSAN MIRZA
Universities
Virtual University of Pakistan has established its campus here since 2004 through the struggle of Ex-IT Minister, Awais Ahmed Leghari, which is providing both campus based and distance learning education primarily based on IT tools & technology. There are sub-campuses of BZ University Multan and University of Education, and UAF College of Agriculture (constituent college of University of Agriculture Faisalabad), Other prominent educational organisation is Allama Iqbal Open University Centre. Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Sub Campus D.G.Khan BZU Multan Sub Campus is the most prestigious institute of the area, provinding education to the people in Business Administration, Computer Science, Economics, English and Sociology. Initially the campus started MBA Program and now there are BBA, MBA Executive, MBA-IT, MBA Evening, BBA Evening, M.A English, Sociology, MSc. Economics, and MCS programs. Campus was honored when a student Azhar Farooq of MBA 1st batch got the Gold Medal in MBA program by getting top position in the university. Next year Asma Sajad, Muhammad Ali Nasir in MBA and Haroon Rasheed MBA Executive got the distinctions. Now a days Mr. Azhar Farooq is the senior most faculty member and working as Controller Examination also. Mr. Sherdil Kamran is also a former student who is lecturer in the campus. Students participate in a forum called as Executive Forum to continue different activities. Mr. Haroon Rasheed was the Director Students' Affairs of the campus and managed the students' affairs very effecively and efficiently. Now a days he got a scholarship for PhD and is on leave. Two Lecturers of BZU Multan Sub Campus D.G.Khan, Shahzada Fahad Qureshi and Haroon Rasheed got Chinese & Pak Government scholarships on merit and now are in Wuhan China for their PhD. People of D.G. Khan expect that a full fledged university will also be established in D.G. Khan.
all information by . HASSAN MIRZA . DERE GHAZI KHAN
Health Facilities
In D.G Khan, there is a big civil hospital called the Divisional Headquarters Hospital, along with many private hospitals and labs. The number of beds is being doubled from 250 to 500. Ghazi Medical College is under Construction in the City. Along with the DHQ there are several Private Hospital working for the walfare of the People of D.G.Khan . But the BUKHARI LAB (Hi Technology Pathology Laboratory ) is the famous laboratory which gives excellence services to the people of Dera GHazi Khan.Because Syed Majid Raza Bukhari (consultant Bio-Chemist) is the first Bio-technologist Of The Division Dera Ghazi Khan.who is Higher qualified in labotory technology(M.Sc.BioChemistry).And he is also ex- supervisor of Pathology Department Shaukat Khanum Memorial Cancer Hospital Lahore.
The Rich Agricultural Land
Dera Ghazi Khan is a rich agricultural land with cotton, wheat, sugarcane, rice, tobacco being the major crops grown. Dera Ghazi Khan is also well known for its dates. The district is now connected by railroad with other parts of the country including Multan, Lahore, Karachi and Quetta. The railway was built by the British before the partition of India.
See also
- Dera Ghazi Khan Airport
- Punjab
- Pakistan
- Indus river
- Balochistan
- Taunsa Sharif
- Bahawalpur (princely state)
- Saraiki language
- Saraiki literature
- Saraikistan
- Saraiki nationalist movement
- Saraiki Wasaib
- Saraiki Culture
References
- This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
{{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty|title=(help)
- ^ "Colonies, posh and model in name only!". NCR Tribune. Retrieved 2007-12-16.
- ^ Tehsils & Unions in the District of D.G. Khan - Government of Pakistan
- ^ Zila Nazim
- "How Pakistan Made Nuclear Fuel" by Munir Ahmad Khan, former chairperson of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission: Islamabad The Nation 7 February 1998, page 7 [Pakistan: Article on How Pakistan Made Nuclear Fuel : FBIS-NES-98-042 : 11 Feb 1998].
External links
- Lot of information about current D.G Khan
- Dera Ghazi Khan
- Dera Ghazi Khan - Pakistan Special Weapons Facilities
- Dera Ghazi Khan. The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition. 2001-05
- Dera Ghazi Khan travel guide
30°03′N 70°38′E / 30.050°N 70.633°E