User:Moxy/sandbox: Difference between revisions

Content deleted Content added

Inline

Revision as of 22:14, 9 May 2010

Move to main article space...Moxy (talk) 06:08, 8 April 2010 (UTC) Canada
Canada#Aboriginal peoples
Wikipedia:Featured article review/Canada/archive1#As of April 06
Talk:Canada#As per FA re-review
Comment that lead to this proposed changes Canada featured article review..

"The coverage of Aboriginal peoples is seriously inadequate. My quick scan suggests you could read this article and not realise that there are three groupiings of Indigenous Canadians (First Nations, Inuit, Metis); that there are treaties between Indigenous Canadians and the Crown; that there are distinctive arts created by these people; etc etc."

Current version

Aboriginal Canadian traditions maintain that the indigenous people have resided on their lands since the beginning of time. Archaeological studies support a human presence in the northern Yukon from 26,500 years ago, and in southern Ontario from 9,500 years ago.^[1]^[2] The aboriginal population is estimated to have been between 200,000 and two million in the late 1400s. Repeated outbreaks of European infectious diseases such as influenza, measles and smallpox (to which they had no natural immunity), combined with other effects of European contact, resulted in an eighty-five to ninety-five percent aboriginal population decrease post-contact.^[3] During the late 1630s, smallpox killed over half of the Huron, who controlled most of the early fur trade in what became Canada. Reduced to fewer than 10,000 people, the Huron were attacked by the Iroquois, their traditional enemies.^[4]

Proposed version

(insert under) Aboriginal peoples

Aboriginal peoples in Canada comprise the First Nations,^[5] Inuit^[6] and Métis.^[7] The descriptors "Indian" and "Eskimo" are falling into disuse.^[8] Archaeological and Indigenous genetic studies support a human presence in the northern Yukon from 26,500 years ago, and in southern Ontario from 9,500 years ago.^[9]^[10]^[11] Old Crow Flats and Bluefish Caves are the earliest archaeological sites of human (Paleo-Indians) habitation in Canada.^[12]^[13] Among the First Nations peoples, there are eight unique stories of creation and their adaptations.These are the earth diver, world parent, emergence, conflict, robbery, rebirth of corpse, two creators and their contests, and the brother myth.^[14] The characteristics of Canadian Aboriginal civilizations included permanent or urban settlements, agriculture, civic and monumental architecture, and complex societal hierarchies.^[15] Some of these civilisations had long faded by the time of the first permanent European arrivals (c. late 15th–early 16th centuries), and have been discovered through archaeological investigations. The aboriginal population is estimated to have been between 200,000^[16] and two million in the late 1400s.^[17] Repeated outbreaks of European infectious diseases such as influenza, measles and smallpox (to which they had no natural immunity), combined with other effects of European contact, resulted in an eighty-five to ninety-five percent aboriginal population decrease post-contact.^[3] The Métis culture of mixed blood originated in the mid-17th century when First Nation and Inuit married European settlers.^[18] The Inuit had more limited interaction with European settlers during the early periods.^[19]

(insert under the first paragraph of) Law

Although not without conflict, European Canadians' early interactions with First Nations and Inuit populations were relatively peaceful. Combined with Canada's late economic development in many regions, this peaceful history has allowed Canadian Indigenous peoples to have a relatively strong influence on the national culture while preserving their own identity.^[20] The Canadian Crown and Aboriginal peoples began interactions during the European colonialisation period. Numbered treaties, the Indian Act, the Constitution Act of 1982 and case laws were established. ^[21] A series of eleven treaties were signed between Aboriginals in Canada and the reigning Monarch of Canada from 1871 to 1921.^[22] These Treaties are agreements with the Government of Canada administered by Canadian Aboriginal law and overseen by the Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. The role of the treaties was reaffirmed by Section Thirty-five of the Constitution Act, 1982, which "recognizes and affirms existing Aboriginal and treaty rights".^[21] These rights may include provision of services such as health care, and exemption from taxation.^[23] The legal and policy framework within which Canada and First Nations operate was further formalised in 2005, through the First Nations– Federal Crown Political Accord, which established cooperation as "a cornerstone for partnership between Canada and First Nations".^[21]

(insert somewhere under) Demography

There are currently over 600 recognized First Nations governments or bands encompassing 1,172,790 people.^[24]

(insert under) Culture

There are distinctive Aboriginal cultures, languages, art, and music spread across Canada.^[25]^[26] Many North American Indigenous words, inventions and games have become an everyday part of Canadian language and use. The canoe, snowshoes, the toboggan, lacrosse, tug of war, maple syrup and tobacco are examples of products, inventions and games.^[27] Some of the words include the barbecue, caribou, chipmunk, woodchuck, hammock, skunk, mahogany, hurricane and moose.^[28] Numerous North American and South American areas, towns, cities and rivers have names of Indigenous origin. The province of Saskatchewan derives its name from the Cree language name of the Saskatchewan River, "Kisiskatchewani Sipi".^[29] Canada's capital city Ottawa comes from the Algonquin language term "adawe" meaning "to trade."^[29] National Aboriginal Day recognises the cultures and contributions of Aboriginal peoples of Canada.^[30]

Comments on this proposed change

::I do see a small conflict ..In the first section on name of Canada and our version..We have to merge this somehow.. ...
(Naming in current version)
The name Canada comes from a St. Lawrence Iroquoian word, kanata, meaning "village" or "settlement".
(our quotes that say the same but for culture section )
The word "Canada" derives from the St. Lawrence Iroquoian word meaning "village" or "settlement". The province of Saskatchewan derives its name from the Saskatchewan River; which in the Cree language is called "Kisiskatchewani Sipi", meaning "swift-flowing river."[6] Canada's capital city Ottawa comes from the Algonquin language term "adawe" meaning "to trade.
I guess just remove the Canada one from new section???..Moxy (talk) 01:36, 7 April 2010 (UTC)

I think we need a ref for The aboriginal population is estimated to have been between 200,000 and two million in the late 1400s. Nice work!!........Moxy (talk) 04:52, 7 April 2010 (UTC)

Plus we need to find at least one nice picture for a section if possible...Moxy (talk) 03:28, 7 April 2010 (UTC)

Moxy, there is at least one significant factual error in the law material, which isn't actually very coherent, once i read it closely. I'll have a go at fixing it. Once that is done, i would actually move this stuff into the article. It's in pretty good shape otherwise - let people thrash it out in the mainspace - it has to be better than the current version. Just give me a bit of time. hamiltonstone (talk) 05:13, 7 April 2010 (UTC)

NP here do what you think is best ..i trust your judgment that there are no FA concerns here..!!!...Moxy (talk) 05:16, 7 April 2010 (UTC)

what going on??..

I have now copied these items into the article space. Further copyediting should happen there. Thanks Moxy. hamiltonstone (talk) 05:09, 8 April 2010 (UTC)

Very nice....will leave all this here..So if question come up ..we will have this for some time!!....

(Music of Canada) Culture section

Comment that lead to this proposed changes Canada featured article review..

no mention of Canadian contemporary musicians (dunno: are there any? Wait, k.d. lang, Celine Dion best selling international female artist of all time", and Rush, to start with).

Canada has developed a music infrastructure, that includes church halls, chamber halls, conservatories, academies, performing arts centers, record companies, radio stations, television music video channels and governing bodies.^[31]^[32] The Canadian music industry has produced internationally renowned composers, musicians and ensembles such as; Portia White, Guy Lombardo, Murray Adaskin, Rush and Celine Dion. The national anthem of Canada O Canada adopted in 1980, was originally commissioned by the Lieutenant Governor of Quebec, the Honourable Théodore Robitaille, for the 1880 St. Jean-Baptiste Day ceremony.^[33] Calixa Lavallée wrote the music, which was a setting of a patriotic poem composed by the poet and judge Sir Adolphe-Basile Routhier. The text was originally only in French, before it was translated to English in 1906.^[34]

refs

^ Cinq-Mars, J (2001). "On the significance of modified mammoth bones from eastern Beringia" (PDF). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Retrieved 2010-02-25.
^ Wright, JV (2001-09-27). "A History of the Native People of Canada: Early and Middle Archaic Complexes". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ ^a ^b Wilson, Donna M (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 9781551118734. {{cite book}}: External link in |title= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) Cite error: The named reference "dying" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
^ Robertson, Ronald G (2001). Rotting face : smallpox and the American Indian. Caldwell, Idaho: Caxton Press. pp. 107–108. ISBN 0870044192.
^ "Civilization.ca-Gateway to Aboriginal Heritage-Culture". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation. Government of Canada. May 12, 2006. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
^ "Inuit Circumpolar Council (Canada)-ICC Charter". Inuit Circumpolar Council > ICC Charter and By-laws > ICC Charter. 2007. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
^ "In the Kawaskimhon Aboriginal Moot Court Factum of the Federal Crown Canada" (pdf). Faculty of Law. University of Manitoba. 2007. p. 2. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
^ Kaplam, Lawrence (2002). "Inuit or Eskimo: Which names to use?". Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks. Retrieved 2007-04-06.
^ "Y-Chromosome Evidence for Differing Ancient Demographic Histories in the Americas" (pdf). University College London 73:524–539. 2003. doi:10.1086/377588. Retrieved 2010-01-22.
^ Cinq-Mars, J (2001). "On the significance of modified mammoth bones from eastern Beringia" (PDF). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Retrieved 2010-02-25.
^ Wright, JV (2001-09-27). "A History of the Native People of Canada: Early and Middle Archaic Complexes". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
^ Griebel, Ron. "The Bluefish Caves". Minnesota State University. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
^ "Beringia: humans were here" (re-published online by Canada.com). Gazette (Montreal). CanWest MediaWorks Publications Inc. May 17, 2008. Retrieved 2009-09-18.
^ Dickason, Olive, ed. (1995). The Native Imprint: The Contribution of First Peoples to Canada's Character. Vol. 1. Athabasca: Athabasca University Educational Enterprises.
^ History & Mathematics: Historical Dynamics and Development of Complex Societies. Moscow: KomKniga/URSS. 2006. ISBN 5484010020. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (|editor= suggested) (help)
^ Wilson, Donna (2008). Dying and death in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 25. ISBN 1551118734. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
^ Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Michael R. Haines, Richard Hall Steckel (ed.). A population history of North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 13. ISBN 0521496667.
^ "What to Search: Topics-Canadian Genealogy Centre-Library and Archives Canada". Ethno-Cultural and Aboriginal Groups. Government of Canada. 2009-05-27. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
^ "Innu Culture 3. Innu-Inuit 'Warfare'". 1999, Adrian Tanner Department of Anthropology-Memorial University of Newfoundland. Retrieved 2009-10-05. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |work= at position 20 (help)
^ "A Dialogue on Foreign Policy" (PDF). Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. 2003-01: 15–16. Retrieved 2006-11-30. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
^ ^a ^b ^c Assembly of First Nations; Elizabeth II (2004), "A First Nations - Federal Crown Political Accord" (PDF), 1, Ottawa: Assembly of First Nations, p. 3 http://www.afn.ca/cmslib/general/PolAcc.pdf, retrieved 2009-11-17 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) Cite error: The named reference "FN" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
^ "Treaty areas". Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. Government of Canada. 2002-10-07. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
^ "What is Treaty 8?". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 2009-10-05.
^ "Aboriginal Identity (8), Sex (3) and Age Groups (12) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data". Census > 2006 Census: Data products > Topic-based tabulations >. Statistics Canada, Government of Canada. 06/12/2008. Retrieved 2009-09-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
^ "Assembly of First Nations - Assembly of First Nations-The Story". Assembly of First Nations. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
^ "Civilization.ca-Gateway to Aboriginal Heritage-object". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation. May 12, 2006. Retrieved 2009-10-02.
^ "Diverse Peoples – Aboriginal Contributions and Inventions" (pdf). The Government of Manitoba. Retrieved 2009-10-17.
^ Newhouse, David. "Hidden in Plain Sight Aboriginal Contributions to Canada and Canadian Identity Creating a new Indian Problem" (pdf). Centre of Canadian Studies, University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 2009-10-17.
^ ^a ^b "Aboriginal place names contribute to a rich tapestry". Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Retrieved 2009-10-17.
^ "National Aboriginal Day History" (pdf). Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Retrieved 2009-10-18.
^ Carl Morey (1997). Music in Canada: A Research and Information Guide (Google books). New York Garland Publishing. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
^ The Canadian Communications Foundation. "The history of broadcasting in Canada". Retrieved 2009-10-28.
^ "'O Canada'". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2009-10-28.
^ Government of Canada (2008-06-23). "Hymne national du Canada". Canadian Heritage. Government of Canada. Retrieved 2008-06-26.

[1] Cinq-Mars, J (2001). "On the significance of modified mammoth bones from eastern Beringia" (PDF). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Retrieved 2010-02-25.

[2] Wright, JV (2001-09-27). "A History of the Native People of Canada: Early and Middle Archaic Complexes". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation. Retrieved 2009-10-19.

[dying-3] Wilson, Donna M (2008). Dying and Death in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. pp. 25–27. ISBN 9781551118734. {{cite book}}: External link in |title= (help); Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help) Cite error: The named reference "dying" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

[4] Robertson, Ronald G (2001). Rotting face : smallpox and the American Indian. Caldwell, Idaho: Caxton Press. pp. 107–108. ISBN 0870044192.

[First_Nations_Culture_Areas_Index-5] "Civilization.ca-Gateway to Aboriginal Heritage-Culture". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation. Government of Canada. May 12, 2006. Retrieved 2009-09-18.

[ICCcharter-6] "Inuit Circumpolar Council (Canada)-ICC Charter". Inuit Circumpolar Council > ICC Charter and By-laws > ICC Charter. 2007. Retrieved 2009-09-18.

[7] "In the Kawaskimhon Aboriginal Moot Court Factum of the Federal Crown Canada" (pdf). Faculty of Law. University of Manitoba. 2007. p. 2. Retrieved 2009-09-18.

[kaplan-8] Kaplam, Lawrence (2002). "Inuit or Eskimo: Which names to use?". Alaska Native Language Center, University of Alaska Fairbanks. Retrieved 2007-04-06.

[ancientd-9] "Y-Chromosome Evidence for Differing Ancient Demographic Histories in the Americas" (pdf). University College London 73:524–539. 2003. doi:10.1086/377588. Retrieved 2010-01-22.

[10] Cinq-Mars, J (2001). "On the significance of modified mammoth bones from eastern Beringia" (PDF). The World of Elephants – International Congress, Rome. Retrieved 2010-02-25.

[11] Wright, JV (2001-09-27). "A History of the Native People of Canada: Early and Middle Archaic Complexes". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation. Retrieved 2009-10-19.

[Griebel-12] Griebel, Ron. "The Bluefish Caves". Minnesota State University. Retrieved 2009-09-18.

[13] "Beringia: humans were here" (re-published online by Canada.com). Gazette (Montreal). CanWest MediaWorks Publications Inc. May 17, 2008. Retrieved 2009-09-18.

[14] Dickason, Olive, ed. (1995). The Native Imprint: The Contribution of First Peoples to Canada's Character. Vol. 1. Athabasca: Athabasca University Educational Enterprises.

[Complex-15] History & Mathematics: Historical Dynamics and Development of Complex Societies. Moscow: KomKniga/URSS. 2006. ISBN 5484010020. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help); Unknown parameter |editors= ignored (|editor= suggested) (help)

[16] Wilson, Donna (2008). Dying and death in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto Press. p. 25. ISBN 1551118734. {{cite book}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)

[17] Thornton, Russell (2000). "Population history of Native North Americans". In Michael R. Haines, Richard Hall Steckel (ed.). A population history of North America. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. p. 13. ISBN 0521496667.

[testt-18] "What to Search: Topics-Canadian Genealogy Centre-Library and Archives Canada". Ethno-Cultural and Aboriginal Groups. Government of Canada. 2009-05-27. Retrieved 2009-10-02.

[warin-19] "Innu Culture 3. Innu-Inuit 'Warfare'". 1999, Adrian Tanner Department of Anthropology-Memorial University of Newfoundland. Retrieved 2009-10-05. {{cite web}}: line feed character in |work= at position 20 (help)

[cultural_influences-20] "A Dialogue on Foreign Policy" (PDF). Department of Foreign Affairs and International Trade. 2003-01: 15–16. Retrieved 2006-11-30. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help); Cite journal requires |journal= (help)

[FN-21] Assembly of First Nations; Elizabeth II (2004), "A First Nations - Federal Crown Political Accord" (PDF), 1, Ottawa: Assembly of First Nations, p. 3 http://www.afn.ca/cmslib/general/PolAcc.pdf, retrieved 2009-11-17 {{citation}}: Missing or empty |title= (help) Cite error: The named reference "FN" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).

[22] "Treaty areas". Treasury Board of Canada Secretariat. Government of Canada. 2002-10-07. Retrieved 2009-10-02.

[23] "What is Treaty 8?". Canadian Broadcasting Corporation. Retrieved 2009-10-05.

[Aboriginal_Identity_2006_Census-24] "Aboriginal Identity (8), Sex (3) and Age Groups (12) for the Population of Canada, Provinces, Territories, Census Metropolitan Areas and Census Agglomerations, 2006 Census - 20% Sample Data". Census > 2006 Census: Data products > Topic-based tabulations >. Statistics Canada, Government of Canada. 06/12/2008. Retrieved 2009-09-18. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)

[one-25] "Assembly of First Nations - Assembly of First Nations-The Story". Assembly of First Nations. Retrieved 2009-10-02.

[three-26] "Civilization.ca-Gateway to Aboriginal Heritage-object". Canadian Museum of Civilization Corporation. May 12, 2006. Retrieved 2009-10-02.

[27] "Diverse Peoples – Aboriginal Contributions and Inventions" (pdf). The Government of Manitoba. Retrieved 2009-10-17.

[Edinburgh-28] Newhouse, David. "Hidden in Plain Sight Aboriginal Contributions to Canada and Canadian Identity Creating a new Indian Problem" (pdf). Centre of Canadian Studies, University of Edinburgh. Retrieved 2009-10-17.

[places-29] "Aboriginal place names contribute to a rich tapestry". Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Retrieved 2009-10-17.

[history-30] "National Aboriginal Day History" (pdf). Indian and Northern Affairs Canada. Retrieved 2009-10-18.

[Gar-31] Carl Morey (1997). Music in Canada: A Research and Information Guide (Google books). New York Garland Publishing. Retrieved 2009-10-28.

[32] The Canadian Communications Foundation. "The history of broadcasting in Canada". Retrieved 2009-10-28.

[33] "'O Canada'". The Canadian Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2009-10-28.

[anthem-fr-34] Government of Canada (2008-06-23). "Hymne national du Canada". Canadian Heritage. Government of Canada. Retrieved 2008-06-26.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]