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{{Infobox Bach composition
| image = Bwv232-credo.jpg
| caption = Autograph of the first page of ''[[Nicene Creed|Symbolum Nicenum]]''
| title = Mass in B minor
| bwv = 232
| related = Cantata movements from 1714 to 1731
| key = [[B minor]]
| genre = [[Mass (music)|Mass]]
| composed = {{Start date|1733}} to 1749
| location = [[Leipzig]]
| movements = 4 parts, 27 sections
| solo_voices = {{abbr|S|soprano}} {{abbr|S|soprano}} {{abbr|A|alto}} {{abbr|T|tenor}} {{abbr|B|bass}}
| choir = 2 choirs {{abbr|S|soprano}}{{abbr|A|alto}}{{abbr|T|tenor}}{{abbr|B|bass}}
| instruments = 3{{abbr|Tr|tromba}} {{abbr|Ti|timpani}} {{abbr|Co|corno}} 2{{abbr|Ft|flauto traverso}}, 2{{abbr|Ob|oboe}} 2{{abbr|Oa|oboe d'amore}} 2{{abbr|Fg|bassoon}} 2{{abbr|Vl|violino}} {{abbr|Va|viola}} {{abbr|Bc|basso continuo}}
}}

{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Mass in B minor'' structure}}
{{DISPLAYTITLE:''Mass in B minor'' structure}}
[[File:Johann Sebastian Bach.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Johann Sebastian Bach]] in 1748]]
[[File:Johann Sebastian Bach.jpg|thumb|250px|[[Johann Sebastian Bach]] in 1748]]

Revision as of 12:12, 1 January 2013

Mass in B minor
BWV 232
by J. S. Bach
Autograph of the first page of Symbolum Nicenum
KeyB minor
GenreMass
RelatedCantata movements from 1714 to 1731
Composed1733 (1733) to 1749
Movements4 parts, 27 sections


Johann Sebastian Bach in 1748

The Mass in B minor by Johann Sebastian Bach, his only setting of the complete Latin text of the Ordinarium missae, was structured by the composer in four parts

At the end of his life, completed in 1749, Bach expanded his Missa of 1733 to a Missa tota. [2][3] The parts in the manuscript are numbered from 1 to 4, and Bach's usual closing formula (S.D.G = Soli Deo Gloria) is found at the end of the Dona nobis pacem. Many movements were derived as parodies of former cantata music,[3] dating back as far as 1714.

The work is scored for five soloists, chorus and orchestra. Its movements are listed in a table for the scoring in voices and instruments, key, tempo marking, time signature and source. The movement numbers follow the Bärenreiter editions of the Neue Bach-Ausgabe, first in a consecutive numbering (NBA II), then in numbering for the four individual parts (NBA I).

The voices are abbreviated, S for soprano, A for alto, T for tenor, B for bass. Bach asked for two sopranos. Practical performances often have only one soprano soloist, sharing the parts for the second soprano (SII) between soprano and alto. A four-part choir is indicated by SATB, a five-part choir by SSATB. Several movements require two choirs. Instruments in the orchestra are three trumpets (Tr), timpani (Ti), corno da caccia (Co), two flauti traversi (Ft), two oboes (Ob), two oboes d'amore (Oa), two bassoons (Fg), two violins (Vl), viola (Va), and basso continuo. The continuo is not mentioned in the table as present all the time. The other instruments are grouped by winds, woodwinds and strings. If no source for a parody is given, the movement was composed for the Mass, otherwise the title of the original music and a year are provided. The Missa of 1733 is not especially mentioned as the source for the Kyrie and Gloria, but older earlier compositions that Bach used for it.

Structure

No No2 Title Solo Choir Wind Wood Strings Key Time Tempo Source Year Notes
Missa
1 1 Kyrie SSATB 2Ft 2Oa Fg 2Vl Va B minor common time Adagio – Largo Adagio added on completion
2 2 Christe S S 2Vl D major common time
3 3 Kyrie SATB 2Ft 2Oa Fg 2Vl Va F-sharp minor Alla breve
4a 4 Gloria SSATB 3Tr Ti 2Ft 2Ob Fg 2Vl Va D major 3/8 Vivace
4b 5 Et in terra pax SSATB 3Tr Ti 2Ft 2Ob Fg 2Vl Va D major common time
5 6 Laudamus te SII 2Vl Va A major common time obbligato violin
6 7 Gratias agimus tibi SATB 3Tr Ti 2Ft 2Ob Fg 2Vl Va D major Alla breve BWV 29/2 1731
7a 8 Domine Deus S T Ft 2Vl Va G major common time attacca to the next
7b 9 Qui tollis SATB 2Ft 2Vl Va Vc F-sharp minor common time Lente BWV 46 1723
8 10 Qui sedes A Oa 2Vl Va B minor 6/8 adagio section
9a 11 Quoniam tu solus sanctus B Co 2Fg D major 3/4 attacca to the next
9b 12 Cum sancto spiritu SSATB 3Tr Ti 2Ft 2Ob Fg 2Vl Va D major 3/4 Vivace
Symbolum Nicenum
10 1 Credo in unum Deum SSATB 2Vl B minor Alla breve A mixolydian, based on Gregorian chant
11 2 Patrem omnipotentem SATB 3Tr Ti 2Ob 2Vl Va D major Alla breve BWV 171 1729
12 3 Domine Deus S A 2Oa 2Vl Va G major common time Andante
13 4 Et incarnatus est SSATB 2Vl B minor 3/4
14 5 Crucifixus SATB 2Ft 2Vl Va E minor 3/2 BWV 12/2 1714
15 6 Et resurrexit SSATB 3Tr Ti 2Ft 2Ob 2Vl Va D major 3/4
16 7 Et in Spiritum Sanctum B 2Oa A major 6/8
17a 8 Confiteor SSATB F-sharp minor Alla breve cantus firmus: Gregorian chant, attacca to nect
17b Et expecto SSATB F-sharp minor Alla breve Adagio cantus firmus: Gregorian chant
9 Et expecto SSATB 3Tr Ti 2Ft 2Ob 2Vl Va D major Alla breve Vivace e Allegro BWV 120/2
Sanctus
18a Sanctus SSA ATB 3Tr Ti 2Ob 2Vl Va D major common time 1724
18b Pleni sunt coeli SSAATB 3Tr Ti 2Ob 2Vl Va D major 3/8
Osanna, Benedictus, Agnus Dei et Dona nobis pacem
19 1 Osanna in excelsis SATB SATB Tr Ti 2Ft 2Ob 2Vl Va D major 3/8 BWV 215
20 2 Benedictus T Ft B minor 3/4
21 3 Osanna repetatur
22 4 Agnus Dei A 2Vl G minor common time BWV 11/4 obbligato violin, model lost wedding cantata
6 7 Dona nobis pacem SATB 3Tr Ti 2Ft 2Ob 2Vl Va D major Alla breve BWV 29/2 1731 s. Gratias

References

  1. ^ "J.S. Bach Mass in B Minor / Organization of Movements / Comparison with Catholic Mass". its.caltech.edu. 1996. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
  2. ^ Sherman, Bernard D. (1999 (updated August 2004)). "Performing Bach's B minor Mass: Thirty Years of HIP". Goldberg. Retrieved 7 October 2012. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |year= (help)CS1 maint: year (link)
  3. ^ a b Libbey, Ted (7 April 2009). "Bach: Essays on his Life and Music". Retrieved 7 October 2012.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: year (link)
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