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Coordinates: 54°29′53″N 26°55′34″E / 54.498°N 26.926°E / 54.498; 26.926
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* 1919 – ceded to Poland in the [[Peace of Riga]] following [[Polish–Soviet War]], becoming the center of the Wilejka county in the [[Wilno Voivodeship (1926–1939)|Wilno Voivodeship]] (1923–1939)
* 1919 – ceded to Poland in the [[Peace of Riga]] following [[Polish–Soviet War]], becoming the center of the Wilejka county in the [[Wilno Voivodeship (1926–1939)|Wilno Voivodeship]] (1923–1939)
* 1939 – annexed back to Soviet Union during the [[Soviet invasion of Poland]] in accordance with the conditions of the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]]. Becomes center of the [[Vileyka Voblast]] of [[BSSR]]
* 1939 – annexed back to Soviet Union during the [[Soviet invasion of Poland]] in accordance with the conditions of the [[Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact]]. Becomes center of the [[Vileyka Voblast]] of [[BSSR]]
* 1941, June 24-25 – following the [[Operation Barbarossa|German invasion of the USSR]] over 1,000 inmates from Vileyka prison were [[Vileyka-Barysaw Death Road|forcibly marched eastward]] towards [[Barysaw]]. During the march, an estimated 500 to 800 prisoners died at the hands of guards.<ref>{{cite book|editor1-last=Mikoda |editor1-first=Janina |title= Zbrodnicza ewakuacja więzień i aresztów NKWD na Kresach Wschodnich II Rzeczypospolitej w czerwcu – lipcu 1941 roku. Materiały z sesji naukowej w 55. rocznicę ewakuacji więźniów NKWD w głąb ZSRR, Łódź 10 czerwca 1996 r.|trans-title=Criminal evacuation of NKVD prisons and detention centers in the Eastern Borderlands of the Second Polish Republic in June-July 1941. Materials from the scientific session on the 55th anniversary of the evacuation of NKVD prisoners deep into the USSR, Łódź, June 10, 1996|publisher= Główna Komisja Badania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu – Instytut Pamięci Narodowej|location= Warszawa|year= 1997|page=76, 95–98|isbn =83-903356-6-2|language=pl}}</ref>
* Several hundred people, mostly Polish political prisoners, sick and wounded, are executed prior to the departure of the occupying Soviet guards on June 24, 1941.{{citation needed|date=October 2010}}
* 1941, June 25 – occupied by troops of the [[Wehrmacht|German]] [[Army Group Centre]] during the first stage of [[Operation Barbarossa]] and placed under the administration of the ''[[Generalbezirk Weissruthenien|Generalbezirk Weißruthenien]]'' of ''[[Reichskommissariat Ostland]]''. Over 15,000 civilians massacred including 6,972 [[Polish Jews]].<ref name="jewishgen">Dr. Smilovitsky, Vileika [http://www.jewishgen.org/Yizkor/belarus/bel160.html (Polish: Wilejka)] JewishGen, Yizkor Book Project. From materials of the Extraordinary Commission.</ref> See also: [[Belarusian Home Defence]] (BKA) pacification actions
* 1941, June 25 – occupied by troops of the [[Wehrmacht|German]] [[Army Group Centre]] during the first stage of Operation Barbarossa and placed under the administration of the ''[[Generalbezirk Weissruthenien|Generalbezirk Weißruthenien]]'' of ''[[Reichskommissariat Ostland]]''. Over 15,000 civilians massacred including 6,972 [[Polish Jews]].<ref name="jewishgen">Dr. Smilovitsky, Vileika [http://www.jewishgen.org/Yizkor/belarus/bel160.html (Polish: Wilejka)] JewishGen, Yizkor Book Project. From materials of the Extraordinary Commission.</ref> See also: [[Belarusian Home Defence]] (BKA) pacification actions
* 1941, July 12 and 30 – German SS forces murder the remaining Jewish citizens in Vileyka (over 500 people).<ref name="jewishgen"/>
* 1941, July 12 and 30 – German SS forces murder the remaining Jewish citizens in Vileyka (over 500 people).<ref name="jewishgen"/>
* 1944, July 2 – Vileyka recaptured by troops of the [[3rd Belorussian Front]] of the [[Red Army]] during the [[Minsk Offensive]].
* 1944, July 2 – Vileyka recaptured by troops of the [[3rd Belorussian Front]] of the [[Red Army]] during the [[Minsk Offensive]].

Revision as of 15:29, 6 February 2024

Vileyka
Вілейка (Belarusian)
Вилейка (Russian)
Town
Vileyka Church of Rev. Mary of Egypt
Vileyka Church of Rev. Mary of Egypt
Flag of Vileyka
Flag
Coat of arms of Vileyka
Coat of arms
Vileyka is located in Belarus
Vileyka
Vileyka
Coordinates: 54°29′50″N 26°54′40″E / 54.49722°N 26.91111°E / 54.49722; 26.91111
CountryBelarus
RegionMinsk Region
DistrictVileyka District
Elevation
183 m (600 ft)
Population
 (2023)[1]
 • Total26,811
Time zoneUTC+3 (MSK)
Postal code
222410
Area code+375 1771
License plate5
WebsiteOfficial website

Vileyka[a] (Belarusian: Вілейка, romanized: Viliejka,[b] [vʲiˈlʲɛjka]; Russian: Вилейка) is a town in Minsk Region, Belarus.[1] It serves as the administrative center of Vileyka District.[1] It is located on the Viliya River, 100 kilometres (62 mi) northwest of Minsk. The first historical record dates from 16 November 1460. As of 2023, the town has a population of 26,811.[1]

The Vileyka VLF transmitter operated by the Russian Navy is located near Vileyka. It provides VLF communication between Russian Navy's headquarters and atomic submarines in the Atlantic, Indian and parts of the Pacific Ocean.

History

In the 10th–13th centuries, the territory was under the Principality of Polotsk, and in XIV–XVII under Grand Duchy of Lithuania as manor house Kurenets. The city was first mentioned in 1460 as a borough center of the Vileyka Starostwo of the Ashmyany county in Grand Duchy of Lithuania.

Geography

The modern city is located on the right bank of the river Viliya, in the northwest part of the Minsk region, 100 kilometers from Minsk. The town's population numbers 30,000 people. There is a railway station of the Molodechno-Polotsk line in the city. The roads to Maladzechna, Smarhoń, Myadzel, Dokshytsy, Pleshchanitsy run through the city. The town's industry is represented by the Zenit plant, wood processing enterprises (including a furniture factory), a motor repair plant, building materials plants, light and food enterprises. Vileyka also houses the Museum of Regional Studies.

The territory of the Vileyka district is 2,400 km2 (930 sq mi). Forests account for 41% of the territory. The main part of the district is situated within the borders of Narach-Vileyka lowland. In the year 1974, near the town of Vileyka Belarus's largest artificial reservoir was built — Vileyka Reservoir with a total area of 63.3 km2 (24.4 sq mi) and a volume of 238 million cubic metres (8.4×10^9 cu ft).

Demography

Historical population
YearPop.±%
18973,600—    
19315,848+62.4%
19397,500+28.2%
19598,200+9.3%
197012,200+48.8%
YearPop.±%
197920,747+70.1%
198928,077+35.3%
200628,103+0.1%
201826,760−4.8%
Source: [5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Belarus

Twin towns — Sister cities

Vileyka is twinned with:

54°29′53″N 26°55′34″E / 54.498°N 26.926°E / 54.498; 26.926

Notes

  1. ^ BGN/PCGN romanization.
  2. ^ Official transliteration.

References

  1. ^ a b c d "Численность населения на 1 января 2023 г. и среднегодовая численность населения за 2022 год по Республике Беларусь в разрезе областей, районов, городов, поселков городского типа". belsat.gov.by. Archived from the original on 17 April 2023. Retrieved 14 August 2023.
  2. ^ Mikoda, Janina, ed. (1997). Zbrodnicza ewakuacja więzień i aresztów NKWD na Kresach Wschodnich II Rzeczypospolitej w czerwcu – lipcu 1941 roku. Materiały z sesji naukowej w 55. rocznicę ewakuacji więźniów NKWD w głąb ZSRR, Łódź 10 czerwca 1996 r. [Criminal evacuation of NKVD prisons and detention centers in the Eastern Borderlands of the Second Polish Republic in June-July 1941. Materials from the scientific session on the 55th anniversary of the evacuation of NKVD prisoners deep into the USSR, Łódź, June 10, 1996] (in Polish). Warszawa: Główna Komisja Badania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu – Instytut Pamięci Narodowej. p. 76, 95–98. ISBN 83-903356-6-2.
  3. ^ a b Dr. Smilovitsky, Vileika (Polish: Wilejka) JewishGen, Yizkor Book Project. From materials of the Extraordinary Commission.
  4. ^ Zenit-BelOMO, zenit-belomo.by
  5. ^ Беларуская Савецкая Энцыклапедыя: у 12 т. / гал. рэд. П. У. Броўка. — Т. 12: БССР. — Мн.: Беларуская Савецкая Энцыклапедыя, 1975. — С. 697.
  6. ^ Drugi Powszechny Spis Ludności z dnia 9 grudnia 1931 r: alfabetyczny wykaz miast w Polsce w granicach administracyjnych z dn. 1.V.1933 r: wyniki tymczasowe Archived 2020-09-18 at the Wayback Machine. — Warszawa: Główny Urząd Statystyczny, 1933. — S. 1–5.
  7. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1970 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик (кроме РСФСР), их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу". Демоскоп Weekly. Archived from the original on 2011-03-09. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
  8. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1979 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик (кроме РСФСР), их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу". Демоскоп Weekly. Archived from the original on 2012-05-21. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
  9. ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность городского населения союзных республик, их территориальных единиц, городских поселений и городских районов по полу". Демоскоп Weekly. Archived from the original on 2006-10-21. Retrieved 2019-02-06.
  10. ^ Минская область в цифрах. — Мінск: Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь, 2018. — С. 45–48.
  11. ^ Минская область в цифрах. — Мінск: Национальный статистический комитет Республики Беларусь, 2013. — С. 44–48.

External links

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