Hasan-Jalalyan: Difference between revisions
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{{Royal house| |
{{Royal house| |
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| surname = Hasan-Jalalyan |
| surname = Hasan-Jalalyan |
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| estate = of Artsakh |
| estate = of Artsakh |
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| coat of arms = |
| coat of arms = |
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| country = [[ |
| country = [[Caucasian Albania]] |
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| titles = [[Prince]] |
| titles = [[Prince]] |
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| founder = Hasan Jalal Dawla |
| founder = Hasan Jalal Dawla |
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| founding year = [[1214]] |
| founding year = [[1214]] |
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| nationality = [[ |
| nationality = [[Caucasian Albanians|Caucasian Albanian]] |
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}} |
}} |
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[[Image:Gandzasar monastic complex NKR.jpg|290px|thumb|The [[Gandzasar monastery]] in current-day [[Martakert]], which went on to serve as the family [[sepulcher]] and religious [[Episcopal see|See]], was completed in 1240.]] |
[[Image:Gandzasar monastic complex NKR.jpg|290px|thumb|The [[Gandzasar monastery]] in current-day [[Martakert]], which went on to serve as the family [[sepulcher]] and religious [[Episcopal see|See]], as well as the seat of the [[Caucasian Albanian]] catholicosate, was completed in 1240.]] |
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The '''[[Royal House|House]] of Hasan-Jalalyan''' (in [[Armenian language|Armenian]]: Հասան-Ջալալյաններ) was an [[ |
The '''[[Royal House|House]] of Hasan-Jalalyan''' (in [[Armenian language|Armenian]]: Հասան-Ջալալյաններ) was an [[Caucasian Albanian]] [[dynasty]] that ruled the region of [[Khachin principality|Khachen]] in [[Artsakh]] region of former [[Caucasian Albania]] ([[Azerbaijan]]) from the [[thirteenth century]] [[AD]] onwards in what is now the regions of lower [[Karabakh]], [[Nagorno-Karabakh]] and [[Zangezur]]. It was named after Hasan Jalal Dawla (Հասան-Ջալալ Դոլա), an Caucasian Albanian [[feudal]] [[prince]] from Khachen district. According to [[Tom de Waal]], his ancestry stretched back several centuries which included the Armenian [[Bagratuni]] kings of [[Ani]], the [[Arsacid Dynasty of Armenia]],<ref>{{cite book |
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| last = de Waal |
| last = de Waal |
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| first = Thomas |
| first = Thomas |
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| Line 22: | Line 20: | ||
| location =New York |
| location =New York |
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| pages =156-157 |
| pages =156-157 |
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| isbn = 0-8147-1945-7}}</ref> |
| isbn = 0-8147-1945-7}}</ref> but was primarily of the [[5th century]] Caucasian Albanian dynasty of the Arranshahs, who resided in the provinces of Artsakh and [[Utik]].<ref>Movses Kaghankatvatsi. "[http://www.vehi.net/istoriya/armenia/kagantv/aluank2.html The History of Albania]," Book 2, Chapter 17.</ref> |
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===Reign under Jalal Dawla=== |
===Reign under Jalal Dawla=== |
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Their reign was concentrated between the Terter and the Khachenaget rivers. Jalal's birth date is unknown however his reign, beginning in 1214 and ending at the time of his death 1260 in Ghazvin, encompassed both Artsakh and the surrounding |
Their reign was concentrated between the Terter and the Khachenaget rivers. Jalal's birth date is unknown however his reign, beginning in 1214 and ending at the time of his death 1260 in Ghazvin, encompassed both Artsakh and the surrounding Caucasian Albanian regions. He was addressed with the titles ''tagavor'' (king, թագավոր) or ''eenknakal'' (self-ruling or autonomous leader, ինքնակալ). Under [[Mongol Empire|Mongol rule]], he traveled twice to [[Karakorum]], the capital of the Mongol empire, where he was able to obtain special autonomy rights from the ruling ''[[khan]]''. In 1260, he allied himself with the forces of the [[Georgian people|Georgian]] noble David Narin who was leading an insurrection against Mongol rule. The insurrection subsequently failed and under the orders of the Mongol leader Arghun Khan, Jalal Dawla was executed.<ref name="Ulubabyan2"/> |
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===Later family rule=== |
===Later family rule=== |
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The family funded numerous architectural and cultural projects which continue to stand today, including the [[Gandzasar monastery]], erected under Jalal Dawla's rule and consecrated on [[July 22]], [[1240]], and the Church of St. John the Baptist. The monastery at Gandzasar went on to become the residence and [[sepulcher]] of the family and the house of the [[catholicos]]. In the late [[16th century]], the family branched out further in its establishing of ''[[melik|melikdoms]]'' in settlements in [[Mardakert|Jraberd]], Khachen and [[Gulistan]] |
The family funded numerous architectural and cultural projects which continue to stand today, including the [[Gandzasar monastery]], erected under Jalal Dawla's rule and consecrated on [[July 22]], [[1240]], and the Church of St. John the Baptist. The monastery at Gandzasar went on to become the residence and [[sepulcher]] of the family and the house of the [[catholicos]]. In the late [[16th century]], the family branched out further in its establishing of ''[[melik|melikdoms]]'' in settlements in [[Mardakert|Jraberd]], Khachen and [[Gulistan]], becoming the very first meliks of Karabakh region of the former Caucasian Albanian kingdom. |
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| last =Hacikyan |
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| first =Agop Jack |
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| coauthors =Gabriel Basmajian, Edward S. Franchuk |
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| title =The Heritage of Armenian Literature: From the Eighteenth Century to Modern Times, vol. 3 |
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| publisher =[[Wayne State University]] |
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| date =2005 |
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| location =Detroit |
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| pages =470 |
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| isbn = 0-8143-3221-8}}</ref> |
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During the reign of the [[Safavid dynasty]], the meliks of Khachen along with other meliks of Karabakh were subordinate to the [[Ganja khanate|khans of Ganja]]. But in the early 18th century, |
During the reign of the [[Safavid dynasty]], in addition to the meliks of Khachen, three other melik titles were granted by the Safavid shahs, and later one more by Nadir shah Afshar, making for a total of five meiliks (hence, the name ''Khamse'' - from the Arabic for "five"). The meliks of Khachen along with other meliks of Karabakh were subordinate to the Azerbaijani [[Ganja khanate|khans of Ganja]]. But in the early 18th century, [[Nadir shah]] Afshar, ruler of Persian empire, took Karabakh out of the control of Ganja khans in punishment for their support of the Safavids, and placed the region directly under his own control. For the meliks' opposition to the Ottoman Turks, he exempted them from paying tributes and allowed them to remain semi-autonomous. In [[1747]], [[Panah Ali Khan]] Javanshir proclaimed himself khan but was initially not recognized by most of the meliks. Only a few, such as the Mirzakhan family who was granted a melikdom by Panah Ali, accepted his [[suzerainty]]. But within a very short time all semi-independent meliks were subordinated to the khan, who became the strongest in Azerbaijan after a series of victories over other khans of Azerbaijan and even the rivals for the Persian empire's shah throne. |
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During the [[Ottoman Empire|Turko]]-[[Persia|Persian]] wars of the the [[17th century|17th]] and [[18th century|18th centuries]], the meliks fiercely resisted and fought back against incursions made by both sides. In the latter quarter of the 18th century, they aided the invading [[Russia|Russian]] armies to help clear the region of both the Turks and Persians. |
During the [[Ottoman Empire|Turko]]-[[Persia|Persian]] wars of the the [[17th century|17th]] and [[18th century|18th centuries]], the meliks fiercely resisted and fought back against incursions made by both sides. In the latter quarter of the 18th century, they aided the invading [[Russia|Russian]] armies to help clear the region of both the Turks and Persians. |
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In the course of the [[17th century|17th]]-[[19th century|19th centuries]], the Jalalyan house also proliferated in the establishment of several |
In the course of time, the ethnically Caucasian Albanian meliks and general population de-ethnicized and assimilated into Armenian nation, assuming Armenian identity and language. In the course of the [[17th century|17th]]-[[19th century|19th centuries]], the Jalalyan house also proliferated in the establishment of several mixed Caucasian Albanian - Armenian noble houses, including the Melik-Atabekyan who became the last rulers of the principality of Jraberd. Several artifacts of the Hasan-Jalalyans survive until today, including Jalal Dawla's personal [[dagger]], which is currently on display at the [[Hermitage Museum]] in [[Saint Petersburg]], [[Russia]]. |
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==References== |
==References== |
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</div> |
</div> |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:History of Azerbaijan]] |
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[[Category:History of Armenia]] |
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[[Category:Nagorno-Karabakh]] |
[[Category:Nagorno-Karabakh]] |
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Revision as of 00:18, 20 June 2007
| Hasan-Jalalyan | |
|---|---|
| Country | Caucasian Albania |
| Founded | 1214 |
| Founder | Hasan Jalal Dawla |
| Titles | Prince |
| Estate(s) | of Artsakh |
The House of Hasan-Jalalyan (in Armenian: Հասան-Ջալալյաններ) was an Caucasian Albanian dynasty that ruled the region of Khachen in Artsakh region of former Caucasian Albania (Azerbaijan) from the thirteenth century AD onwards in what is now the regions of lower Karabakh, Nagorno-Karabakh and Zangezur. It was named after Hasan Jalal Dawla (Հասան-Ջալալ Դոլա), an Caucasian Albanian feudal prince from Khachen district. According to Tom de Waal, his ancestry stretched back several centuries which included the Armenian Bagratuni kings of Ani, the Arsacid Dynasty of Armenia,[1] but was primarily of the 5th century Caucasian Albanian dynasty of the Arranshahs, who resided in the provinces of Artsakh and Utik.[2]
Reign under Jalal Dawla
Their reign was concentrated between the Terter and the Khachenaget rivers. Jalal's birth date is unknown however his reign, beginning in 1214 and ending at the time of his death 1260 in Ghazvin, encompassed both Artsakh and the surrounding Caucasian Albanian regions. He was addressed with the titles tagavor (king, թագավոր) or eenknakal (self-ruling or autonomous leader, ինքնակալ). Under Mongol rule, he traveled twice to Karakorum, the capital of the Mongol empire, where he was able to obtain special autonomy rights from the ruling khan. In 1260, he allied himself with the forces of the Georgian noble David Narin who was leading an insurrection against Mongol rule. The insurrection subsequently failed and under the orders of the Mongol leader Arghun Khan, Jalal Dawla was executed.[3]
Later family rule
The family funded numerous architectural and cultural projects which continue to stand today, including the Gandzasar monastery, erected under Jalal Dawla's rule and consecrated on July 22, 1240, and the Church of St. John the Baptist. The monastery at Gandzasar went on to become the residence and sepulcher of the family and the house of the catholicos. In the late 16th century, the family branched out further in its establishing of melikdoms in settlements in Jraberd, Khachen and Gulistan, becoming the very first meliks of Karabakh region of the former Caucasian Albanian kingdom.
During the reign of the Safavid dynasty, in addition to the meliks of Khachen, three other melik titles were granted by the Safavid shahs, and later one more by Nadir shah Afshar, making for a total of five meiliks (hence, the name Khamse - from the Arabic for "five"). The meliks of Khachen along with other meliks of Karabakh were subordinate to the Azerbaijani khans of Ganja. But in the early 18th century, Nadir shah Afshar, ruler of Persian empire, took Karabakh out of the control of Ganja khans in punishment for their support of the Safavids, and placed the region directly under his own control. For the meliks' opposition to the Ottoman Turks, he exempted them from paying tributes and allowed them to remain semi-autonomous. In 1747, Panah Ali Khan Javanshir proclaimed himself khan but was initially not recognized by most of the meliks. Only a few, such as the Mirzakhan family who was granted a melikdom by Panah Ali, accepted his suzerainty. But within a very short time all semi-independent meliks were subordinated to the khan, who became the strongest in Azerbaijan after a series of victories over other khans of Azerbaijan and even the rivals for the Persian empire's shah throne.
During the Turko-Persian wars of the the 17th and 18th centuries, the meliks fiercely resisted and fought back against incursions made by both sides. In the latter quarter of the 18th century, they aided the invading Russian armies to help clear the region of both the Turks and Persians.
In the course of time, the ethnically Caucasian Albanian meliks and general population de-ethnicized and assimilated into Armenian nation, assuming Armenian identity and language. In the course of the 17th-19th centuries, the Jalalyan house also proliferated in the establishment of several mixed Caucasian Albanian - Armenian noble houses, including the Melik-Atabekyan who became the last rulers of the principality of Jraberd. Several artifacts of the Hasan-Jalalyans survive until today, including Jalal Dawla's personal dagger, which is currently on display at the Hermitage Museum in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
References
- ^ de Waal, Thomas (2003). Black Garden: Armenia and Azerbaijan Through Peace and War. New York: New York University Press. pp. 156–157. ISBN 0-8147-1945-7.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|author link=ignored (|author-link=suggested) (help) - ^ Movses Kaghankatvatsi. "The History of Albania," Book 2, Chapter 17.
- ^ Cite error: The named reference
Ulubabyan2was invoked but never defined (see the help page).