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'''Petr Vaníček''', [[Ph.D.]], [[D.Sc.]], [[PE]] (born [[1935]] in [[Sušice]], [[Czechoslovakia]], today in [[Czech Republic]]) is a [[Czech Canadian]] [[geodesist]] and theoretical [[geophysicist]] who had made important breakthroughs in theory of [[spectral analysis]] and [[geoid]] computation. He initiated the establishing of the [[Canadian Geophysical Union]] in [[1974]], and served as the Union's president between 1986 and 1988. He was the first [[Chair (official)|chairman]] of the [[committee]] for Geodetic Aspects of the [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea|Law of the Sea]] (GALOS), founded in [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]] by the [[International Association of Geodesy]] (IAG) in [[1989 in science|1989]]<ref name="HarssonIAGGALOS">{{cite web |url= http://www.gfy.ku.dk/~iag/Travaux_99/galos.htm |title= GALOS |author= B.G. Harsson |work= [[International Association of Geodesy]]. ([http://www.iag-aig.org/ Current IAG website]) |quote= }}</ref>. He was awarded the [[J. Tuzo Wilson Medal]] in 1996 for outstanding contributions to Canadian geophysics<ref name="WilsonMedalCGU">{{cite web |url= http://www.cgu-ugc.ca/medal/intro.html |title= J. Tuzo Wilson Medal |author= Past Wilson Medalists: Petr Vanicek |work= [[Canadian Geophysical Union]] |date= 1996}}</ref>. He is a [[fellow]] of the [[International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics]], of the [[American Geophysical Union]], and of the [[Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences (SVU)]]. He was the first Canadian awarded the Senior Distinguished Scientist Fellowship by the [[Alexander von Humboldt Foundation]], and was a Senior Visiting Scientist with the US [[National Academy of Sciences]]. Over the course of his career, he taught or performed research at universities and labs across six continents, including the [[Royal Institute of Technology]] and the [[USGS]]. His book ''Geodesy: The Concepts''<ref name="BookGeodesyConcepts">''Geodesy: The Concepts.'' Peter Vanicek and E.J. Krakiwsky. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 1982 (first ed.): ISBN 0-44486-149-1, ISBN 978-0444861498. 1986 (third ed.): ISBN 0-44487-777-0, ISBN 978-0444877772. {{ASIN|0444877770}}.</ref>, and now translated into several languages, is a standard text for both undergraduate and graduate courses in [[geodesy]] worldwide. He also served as [[Editor-in-Chief]] and a [[Peer Review|reviewer]] for several [[scientific journal]]s as well as on numerous scientific boards and committees.
'''Petr Vaníček''', [[Ph.D.]], [[D.Sc.]], [[PE]] (born [[1935]] in [[Sušice]], [[Czechoslovakia]], today in [[Czech Republic]]) is a [[Czech Canadian]] [[geodesist]] and theoretical [[geophysicist]] who had made important breakthroughs in theory of [[spectral analysis]] and [[geoid]] computation. He initiated the establishing of the [[Canadian Geophysical Union]] in [[1974]], and served as the Union's president between 1986 and 1988. He was the first [[Chair (official)|chairman]] of the [[committee]] for Geodetic Aspects of the [[United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea|Law of the Sea]] (GALOS), founded in [[Edinburgh]], [[Scotland]] by the [[International Association of Geodesy]] (IAG) in [[1989 in science|1989]]<ref name="HarssonIAGGALOS">{{cite web |url= http://www.gfy.ku.dk/~iag/Travaux_99/galos.htm |title= GALOS |author= B.G. Harsson |work= [[International Association of Geodesy]]. ([http://www.iag-aig.org/ Current IAG website]) |quote= }}</ref>. He was awarded the [[J. Tuzo Wilson Medal]] in 1996 for outstanding contributions to Canadian geophysics<ref name="WilsonMedalCGU">{{cite web |url= http://www.cgu-ugc.ca/medal/intro.html |title= J. Tuzo Wilson Medal |author= Past Wilson Medalists: Petr Vanicek |work= [[Canadian Geophysical Union]] |date= 1996}}</ref>. He is a [[fellow]] of the [[International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics]], of the [[American Geophysical Union]], and of the [[Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences (SVU)]]. He was the first Canadian awarded the Senior Distinguished Scientist Fellowship by the [[Alexander von Humboldt Foundation]], and was a Senior Visiting Scientist with the US [[National Academy of Sciences]]. Over the course of his career, he taught or performed research at universities and labs across six continents, including the [[Royal Institute of Technology]] and the [[USGS]]. His book ''Geodesy: The Concepts''<ref name="BookGeodesyConcepts">''Geodesy: The Concepts.'' Peter Vanicek and E.J. Krakiwsky. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 1982 (first ed.): ISBN 0-44486-149-1, ISBN 978-0444861498. 1986 (third ed.): ISBN 0-44487-777-0, ISBN 978-0444877772. {{ASIN|0444877770}}.</ref>, and now translated into several languages, is a standard text for both undergraduate and graduate courses in [[geodesy]] worldwide. He also served as [[Editor-in-Chief]] and a [[Peer Review|reviewer]] for several [[scientific journal]]s as well as on numerous scientific boards and committees.


One of his main contributions of general relevance is [[least-squares spectral analysis]]<ref>Pagiatakis, S. Stochastic significance of peaks in the least-squares spectrum, J of Geodesy 73, p.67-78 (1999).</ref>, also called Vaníček spectral analysis<ref>Taylor J., Hamilton S. Some tests of the Vaníček method of spectral analysis, Astrophysics and Space Science, International Journal of Cosmic Physics, D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, Holland (1972)</ref> and [[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Gauss]]–Vaníček spectral analysis<ref name="Cornette">{{cite journal | author = James L. Cornette | title = Gauss–Vaníček and Fourier Transform Spectral Analyses of Marine Diversity | journal = [[Computing in Science and Engineering]] | volume = 9 | issue = 4 | year = 2007 | issn = 1521-9615 | pages = pp.61–63 | url = http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1271919.1271974&coll=GUIDE&dl=&CFID=15151515&CFTOKEN=6184618}}</ref>, a [[frequency spectrum]] computation method published in 1969<ref>Vaníček P. Approximate Spectral Analysis by Least-squares Fit, Astrophysics and Space Science, Pages 387-391, Volume 4 (1969)</ref> and 1971<ref>Vaníček P. Further development and properties of the spectral analysis by least-squares fit, Astrophysics and Space Science, Pages 10-33, Volume 12 (1971)</ref>. The method is based on a [[least-squares]] fit of [[sinusoid]]s to the data samples, and mitigates the drawbacks of applying [[Fourier analysis]] for analyzing long incomplete data records such as most [[natural]] [[dataset]]s<ref name=pres>{{cite book | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=9GhDHTLzFDEC&pg=PA685&dq=%22spectral+analysis%22+%22vanicek%22+inauthor:press&as_brr=3&ei=10EKR6akEovqoQLOy9iqDQ&ie=ISO-8859-1&sig=Pt6HJ2hsLodcsrr2PUQDxnVSlPU | author = Press et al. | title = Numerical Recipes | edition = 3rd Edition | year = 2007 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | isbn = 0521880688}}</ref>. It has been used in many fields ranging from [[astronomy]], [[geophysics]], [[physics]], [[microbiology]], [[genetics]] and [[medicine]], to [[mathematics]] and [[finance]]<ref>[http://gge.unb.ca/Research/GRL/GeodesyGroup/research/Dissertation_Omerbashich.pdf Omerbashich M. Earth-model discrimination method], pp.129, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of New Brunswick, Canada (2003)</ref>. His discoveries in theoretical geophysics, the "Precise Geoid Solution"<ref>[http://gge.unb.ca/Research/GRL/GeodesyGroup/software/UNB%20precise%20GEOID%20package/geoid_index.htm UNB Precise Geoid Determination Package], page accessed 02 October 2007</ref> in particular, enable millimetre-to-centimetre [[accuracy]] in geoid [[computation]], an-[[order-of-magnitude]] improvement from previous solutions<ref> Vaníček, P., Kleusberg, A. The Canadian geoid-Stokesian approach, Pages 86-98, Manuscripta Geodaetica, Volume 12, Number 2 (1987)</ref><ref>[http://gge.unb.ca/Personnel/Vanicek/StokesHelmert.pdf Vaníček P., Martinec Z. Compilation of a precise regional geoid], Pages 119-128, Manuscripta Geodaetica, Volume 19 (1994)</ref><ref>[http://gge.unb.ca/Personnel/Vanicek/GeoidReport950327.pdf Vaníček et al. Compilation of a precise regional geoid], pp.45, Report for Geodetic Survey Division - DSS Contract: #23244-1-4405/01-SS, Ottawa (1995)</ref>.
One of his main contributions of general relevance is [[least-squares spectral analysis]]<ref>Pagiatakis, S. Stochastic significance of peaks in the least-squares spectrum, J of Geodesy 73, p.67-78 (1999).</ref>, also called Vaníček spectral analysis<ref>Taylor J., Hamilton S. Some tests of the Vaníček method of spectral analysis, Astrophysics and Space Science, International Journal of Cosmic Physics, D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, Holland (1972)</ref> and [[Carl Friedrich Gauss|Gauss]]–Vaníček spectral analysis,<ref name="Cornette">{{cite journal | author = James L. Cornette | title = Gauss–Vaníček and Fourier Transform Spectral Analyses of Marine Diversity | journal = [[Computing in Science and Engineering]] | volume = 9 | issue = 4 | year = 2007 | issn = 1521-9615 | pages = pp.61–63 | url = http://portal.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1271919.1271974&coll=GUIDE&dl=&CFID=15151515&CFTOKEN=6184618}}</ref><ref name=sepkoski>[http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpl/freeabs_all.jsp?isnumber=34466&arnumber=1644703 Omerbashich M. Gauss-Vanicek spectral analysis of the Sepkoski compendium: no new life cycles], Pages 26-30, Computing in Science & Engineering, Volume 8, Number 4, (July-August, 2006) ISSN 1521-9615</ref> a [[frequency spectrum]] computation method published in 1969<ref>Vaníček P. Approximate Spectral Analysis by Least-squares Fit, Astrophysics and Space Science, Pages 387-391, Volume 4 (1969)</ref> and 1971<ref>Vaníček P. Further development and properties of the spectral analysis by least-squares fit, Astrophysics and Space Science, Pages 10-33, Volume 12 (1971)</ref>. The method is based on a [[least-squares]] fit of [[sinusoid]]s to the data samples, and mitigates the drawbacks of applying [[Fourier analysis]] for analyzing long incomplete data records such as most [[natural]] [[dataset]]s<ref name=pres>{{cite book | url = http://books.google.com/books?id=9GhDHTLzFDEC&pg=PA685&dq=%22spectral+analysis%22+%22vanicek%22+inauthor:press&as_brr=3&ei=10EKR6akEovqoQLOy9iqDQ&ie=ISO-8859-1&sig=Pt6HJ2hsLodcsrr2PUQDxnVSlPU | author = Press et al. | title = Numerical Recipes | edition = 3rd Edition | year = 2007 | publisher = Cambridge University Press | isbn = 0521880688}}</ref>. It has been used in many fields ranging from [[astronomy]], [[geophysics]], [[physics]], [[microbiology]], [[genetics]] and [[medicine]], to [[mathematics]] and [[finance]]<ref>[http://gge.unb.ca/Research/GRL/GeodesyGroup/research/Dissertation_Omerbashich.pdf Omerbashich M. Earth-model discrimination method], pp.129, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of New Brunswick, Canada (2003)</ref>. His discoveries in theoretical geophysics, the "Precise Geoid Solution"<ref>[http://gge.unb.ca/Research/GRL/GeodesyGroup/software/UNB%20precise%20GEOID%20package/geoid_index.htm UNB Precise Geoid Determination Package], page accessed 02 October 2007</ref> in particular, enable millimetre-to-centimetre [[accuracy]] in geoid [[computation]], an-[[order-of-magnitude]] improvement from previous solutions<ref> Vaníček, P., Kleusberg, A. The Canadian geoid-Stokesian approach, Pages 86-98, Manuscripta Geodaetica, Volume 12, Number 2 (1987)</ref><ref>[http://gge.unb.ca/Personnel/Vanicek/StokesHelmert.pdf Vaníček P., Martinec Z. Compilation of a precise regional geoid], Pages 119-128, Manuscripta Geodaetica, Volume 19 (1994)</ref><ref>[http://gge.unb.ca/Personnel/Vanicek/GeoidReport950327.pdf Vaníček et al. Compilation of a precise regional geoid], pp.45, Report for Geodetic Survey Division - DSS Contract: #23244-1-4405/01-SS, Ottawa (1995)</ref>.


Since he was born into a typical [[bourgeois]] family, his wife and children requested to leave [[Communist]] [[Czechoslovakia]] during the brief but liberal times of [[Prague Spring]]. They were granted [[exit visa]] just before the [[Soviet]] invasion of [[1968]]. The family reunited in England where he was staying on a 1967 Senior Research Fellowship at the [[University of Liverpool]]. Together, they immigrated to Canada in [[1969]]. He married three times and has one daughter and two sons. He retired as [[Professor Emeritus]] in [[2002]], after more than thirty years of teaching at the [[University of Toronto]] and the [[University of New Brunswick]]. He lives in [[Fredericton]], [[Canada]].
Since he was born into a typical [[bourgeois]] family, his wife and children requested to leave [[Communist]] [[Czechoslovakia]] during the brief but liberal times of [[Prague Spring]]. They were granted [[exit visa]] just before the [[Soviet]] invasion of [[1968]]. The family reunited in England where he was staying on a 1967 Senior Research Fellowship at the [[University of Liverpool]]. Together, they immigrated to Canada in [[1969]]. He married three times and has one daughter and two sons. He retired as [[Professor Emeritus]] in [[2002]], after more than thirty years of teaching at the [[University of Toronto]] and the [[University of New Brunswick]]. He lives in [[Fredericton]], [[Canada]].

Revision as of 05:29, 18 October 2007

File:Vanicek.jpg
Dr. Petr Vaníček

Petr Vaníček, Ph.D., D.Sc., PE (born 1935 in Sušice, Czechoslovakia, today in Czech Republic) is a Czech Canadian geodesist and theoretical geophysicist who had made important breakthroughs in theory of spectral analysis and geoid computation. He initiated the establishing of the Canadian Geophysical Union in 1974, and served as the Union's president between 1986 and 1988. He was the first chairman of the committee for Geodetic Aspects of the Law of the Sea (GALOS), founded in Edinburgh, Scotland by the International Association of Geodesy (IAG) in 1989[1]. He was awarded the J. Tuzo Wilson Medal in 1996 for outstanding contributions to Canadian geophysics[2]. He is a fellow of the International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics, of the American Geophysical Union, and of the Czechoslovak Society of Arts and Sciences (SVU). He was the first Canadian awarded the Senior Distinguished Scientist Fellowship by the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, and was a Senior Visiting Scientist with the US National Academy of Sciences. Over the course of his career, he taught or performed research at universities and labs across six continents, including the Royal Institute of Technology and the USGS. His book Geodesy: The Concepts[3], and now translated into several languages, is a standard text for both undergraduate and graduate courses in geodesy worldwide. He also served as Editor-in-Chief and a reviewer for several scientific journals as well as on numerous scientific boards and committees.

One of his main contributions of general relevance is least-squares spectral analysis[4], also called Vaníček spectral analysis[5] and Gauss–Vaníček spectral analysis,[6][7] a frequency spectrum computation method published in 1969[8] and 1971[9]. The method is based on a least-squares fit of sinusoids to the data samples, and mitigates the drawbacks of applying Fourier analysis for analyzing long incomplete data records such as most natural datasets[10]. It has been used in many fields ranging from astronomy, geophysics, physics, microbiology, genetics and medicine, to mathematics and finance[11]. His discoveries in theoretical geophysics, the "Precise Geoid Solution"[12] in particular, enable millimetre-to-centimetre accuracy in geoid computation, an-order-of-magnitude improvement from previous solutions[13][14][15].

Since he was born into a typical bourgeois family, his wife and children requested to leave Communist Czechoslovakia during the brief but liberal times of Prague Spring. They were granted exit visa just before the Soviet invasion of 1968. The family reunited in England where he was staying on a 1967 Senior Research Fellowship at the University of Liverpool. Together, they immigrated to Canada in 1969. He married three times and has one daughter and two sons. He retired as Professor Emeritus in 2002, after more than thirty years of teaching at the University of Toronto and the University of New Brunswick. He lives in Fredericton, Canada.

References

  1. ^ B.G. Harsson. "GALOS". International Association of Geodesy. (Current IAG website). {{cite web}}: External link in |work= (help)
  2. ^ Past Wilson Medalists: Petr Vanicek (1996). "J. Tuzo Wilson Medal". Canadian Geophysical Union.
  3. ^ Geodesy: The Concepts. Peter Vanicek and E.J. Krakiwsky. Amsterdam: Elsevier. 1982 (first ed.): ISBN 0-44486-149-1, ISBN 978-0444861498. 1986 (third ed.): ISBN 0-44487-777-0, ISBN 978-0444877772. ASIN 0444877770.
  4. ^ Pagiatakis, S. Stochastic significance of peaks in the least-squares spectrum, J of Geodesy 73, p.67-78 (1999).
  5. ^ Taylor J., Hamilton S. Some tests of the Vaníček method of spectral analysis, Astrophysics and Space Science, International Journal of Cosmic Physics, D. Reidel Publishing Co., Dordrecht, Holland (1972)
  6. ^ James L. Cornette (2007). "Gauss–Vaníček and Fourier Transform Spectral Analyses of Marine Diversity". Computing in Science and Engineering. 9 (4): pp.61–63. ISSN 1521-9615. {{cite journal}}: |pages= has extra text (help)
  7. ^ Omerbashich M. Gauss-Vanicek spectral analysis of the Sepkoski compendium: no new life cycles, Pages 26-30, Computing in Science & Engineering, Volume 8, Number 4, (July-August, 2006) ISSN 1521-9615
  8. ^ Vaníček P. Approximate Spectral Analysis by Least-squares Fit, Astrophysics and Space Science, Pages 387-391, Volume 4 (1969)
  9. ^ Vaníček P. Further development and properties of the spectral analysis by least-squares fit, Astrophysics and Space Science, Pages 10-33, Volume 12 (1971)
  10. ^ Press; et al. (2007). Numerical Recipes (3rd Edition ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0521880688. {{cite book}}: |edition= has extra text (help); Explicit use of et al. in: |author= (help)
  11. ^ Omerbashich M. Earth-model discrimination method, pp.129, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of New Brunswick, Canada (2003)
  12. ^ UNB Precise Geoid Determination Package, page accessed 02 October 2007
  13. ^ Vaníček, P., Kleusberg, A. The Canadian geoid-Stokesian approach, Pages 86-98, Manuscripta Geodaetica, Volume 12, Number 2 (1987)
  14. ^ Vaníček P., Martinec Z. Compilation of a precise regional geoid, Pages 119-128, Manuscripta Geodaetica, Volume 19 (1994)
  15. ^ Vaníček et al. Compilation of a precise regional geoid, pp.45, Report for Geodetic Survey Division - DSS Contract: #23244-1-4405/01-SS, Ottawa (1995)

Sources

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