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In response, Anthony Lewis told the ''New York Sun'' that the conference was "about a nonexistent phenomenon," noting that Jewish criticism of Israeli policies was not necessarily defamatory. Haaretz's editor-in-chief, David Landau, refused to comment on the conference, citing that "it was "a matter of policy and principle" not to respond to CAMERA, which Landau described as "McCarthyite." ''Tikkun'' editor Lerner also rejected the notion that he was anti-Israel.<ref>Elliot Resnick. [http://www.jewishpress.com/print.do/25532/Conference_Focuses_On_Israel's_Jewish_Defamers.html Conference Focuses On Israel's Jewish Defamers.] ''Jewish Press'', October 24, 2007.</ref><ref>Gabrielle Birkner. [http://www.nysun.com/article/64887 Conference Focuses On Israel's Jewish Defamers.] ''The New York Sun''. October 19, 2007.</ref><ref>Ben Harris. [http://www.jewishreview.org/node/6914 Media watchdog blasts ‘Israel’s Jewish defamers’;Michael Lerner, Ha’aretz editor reject charges.] ''The Jewish Review'', Vol 50, No. 8, October 2007.</ref>
In response, Anthony Lewis told the ''New York Sun'' that the conference was "about a nonexistent phenomenon," noting that Jewish criticism of Israeli policies was not necessarily defamatory. Haaretz's editor-in-chief, David Landau, refused to comment on the conference, citing that "it was "a matter of policy and principle" not to respond to CAMERA, which Landau described as "McCarthyite." ''Tikkun'' editor Lerner also rejected the notion that he was anti-Israel.<ref>Elliot Resnick. [http://www.jewishpress.com/print.do/25532/Conference_Focuses_On_Israel's_Jewish_Defamers.html Conference Focuses On Israel's Jewish Defamers.] ''Jewish Press'', October 24, 2007.</ref><ref>Gabrielle Birkner. [http://www.nysun.com/article/64887 Conference Focuses On Israel's Jewish Defamers.] ''The New York Sun''. October 19, 2007.</ref><ref>Ben Harris. [http://www.jewishreview.org/node/6914 Media watchdog blasts ‘Israel’s Jewish defamers’;Michael Lerner, Ha’aretz editor reject charges.] ''The Jewish Review'', Vol 50, No. 8, October 2007.</ref>


===Moshe Ya’alon quotation===


Critics<ref>{{Cite news
| issn = 0362-4331
| last = Khalidi
| first = Rashid
| title = What You Don’t Know About Gaza
| work = The New York Times
| accessdate = 2009-01-18
| date = 2009-01-08
| url = http://www.nytimes.com/2009/01/08/opinion/08khalidi.html?_r=1&ref=opinion
}}</ref> of Israel's policies, most particularly Columbia University professor Rashid Khalidi, have quoted [[Moshe Ya'alon]], when he was [[Israeli Chief of Staff]] during the [[Second Intifada]], as saying, "The Palestinians must be made to understand in the deepest recesses of their consciousness that they are a defeated people".

CAMERA said that they had misquoted an interview that Ya'alon gave to the Israeli newspaper [[Ha'aretz]] on August 30, 2002, .<ref>{{Cite news
| last = Shavit
| first = Ari
| title = The enemy within
| work = Haaretz
| accessdate = 2009-01-18
| date = 2002-09-29
| url = http://www.haaretz.com/hasen/pages/ShArt.jhtml?itemNo=202714
}}</ref> CAMERA argued that Ya'alon actually said that the Palestinian Arabs must understand that terrorism would not make Israelis into a defeated people.<ref>January 8, 2009, Rikki Hollander and Alex Safian, PhD, Rashid Khalidi Uses Bogus Quote in New York Times Op-Ed http://www.camera.org/index.asp?x_context=2&x_outlet=35&x_article=1587]</ref><ref>What Did Moshe Yaalon Really Say? by Jason Maoz, Commentary Magazine, January 9, 2009 [http://www.commentarymagazine.com/blogs/index.php/maoz/49921]</ref> Under pressure from CAMERA and others, the New York Times of Jan. 30, 2009, in an "editor's note," acknowledges that Rashid Khalidi could not provide a source for his version of the alleged statement by Ya'alon.


===2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict===
===2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict===

Revision as of 06:46, 2 February 2009

Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America
File:Cameralogo.jpg
Type of site
"Seeks to correct media misrepresentations of Israel"[1]
Available inEnglish
OwnerAndrea Levin
Created byWinifred Meiselman
URLhttp://www.camera.org/
CommercialNo

The Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America (CAMERA) is a Boston-based, non-profit, pro-Israel[2] media watchdog group[3] which was founded in 1982 to respond to alleged anti-Israel bias in The Washington Post.[4]

CAMERA has been noted for its pro-Israel media monitoring and advocacy.[5][6][7][8] CAMERA releases reports to counter what it calls "frequently inaccurate and skewed characterizations of Israel and of events in the Middle East" that it believes may fuel anti-Israel and anti-Jewish prejudice.[3] The group mobilizes protests against what it describes as unfair media coverage by issuing full-page ads in newspapers,[9] organizing demonstrations,[10] and encouraging sponsors to withhold funds.[10] Critics suggest the group is "Orwellian-named"[11] and that "like others engaged in the narrative wars, it does not understand the difference between advocacy and accuracy".[12]

In May 2008, five Wikipedia editors involved in a secret CAMERA campaign to edit Wikipedia were sanctioned by Wikipedia administrators, who wrote that the project's open nature "is fundamentally incompatible with the creation of a private group to surreptitiously coordinate editing by ideologically like-minded individuals".[13]

History

CAMERA created chapters in major cities, including New York, Chicago, Fort Lauderdale, Los Angeles, Miami, San Francisco, Philadelphia, and in 1988 a Boston chapter and office, founded and led by Andrea Levin; Charles Jacobs became deputy director of the Boston chapter.

In 1986, Florida International University political science professor Cheryl A. Rubenberg noted CAMERA was “Another pro-Israeli organization that was formed after 1982 to monitor the media...”[14] She further stated that CAMERA was one of several ‘new groups’ which constituted the “Israeli lobby” at the time.[15] Writing in The Nation in 1987, journalist Robert I. Friedman similarly described CAMERA as having been formed in the wake of Israel's 1982 invasion of Lebanon "to keep the U.S. press in line," noting that the organization's activities at the time included publishing a newsletter and placing advertisements in The Christian Science Monitor and The New Republic in support of Israel's West Bank settlement policies.[16]

In 1988, Edward Said, a political activist and University Professor of English and Comparative Literature at Columbia University, argued that not even the Israeli Government has ventured the arguments of CAMERA, and that "surely, the Israeli lobby can find better propaganda methods than this!"[17]

In 1991, Levin succeeded Winifred Meiselman as executive director of CAMERA. According to the organization's website, CAMERA’s membership grew from 1,000 in 1991 to 55,000 in 2007, with offices in Washington, DC, New York, Chicago, and Israel in addition to the Boston headquarters"[18] The director of the Washington office of CAMERA is Eric Rozenman.[19]

Structure, staff, and activities

On its official website, CAMERA describes itself as "a media-monitoring, research and membership organization devoted to promoting accurate and balanced coverage of Israel and the Middle East" which "fosters rigorous reporting, while educating news consumers about Middle East issues and the role of the media." CAMERA further describes itself as a "non-partisan organization" which "takes no position with regard to American or Israeli political issues or with regard to ultimate solutions to the Arab-Israeli conflict."[20] CAMERA complained in 2008 that the Conference of Major Jewish Organizations did not consult it before disinviting Republican vice presidential candidate Sarah Palin to an anti-Ahmadinejad rally.[21][22] CAMERA has also criticized the Israeli non-governmental organization B'Tselem for some of its reporting on Israel.[23]

CAMERA staff members monitor media coverage of the Middle East, and directly contact media organizations and reporters to "refute" information the organization perceives as "distorted or inaccurate."[24] The organization also publishes monographs about topics relating to the Arab-Israeli conflict.[25]

CAMERA is a member of the Israel Campus Roundtable, which includes the American Israel Public Affairs Committee (AIPAC), Anti-Defamation League, The David Project Center for Jewish Leadership, and other pro-Israel organizations. As a member of this Campus Roundtable, CAMERA operates on college campuses to combat what it perceives as "propagandistic assaults on Israel . . . creating harmful misperceptions of Israel" and "publishes a student-focused magazine, CAMERA on Campus, containing specialized information useful in countering misinformation."[26] For undergraduates willing to write op-eds and organize pro-Israel events on campus, CAMERA has offered student representative positions which include compensation and training in Israel.[27]

CAMERA is also a member of the Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations,[28] which describes itself as at the "forefront of mobilizing support for Israel and educating the public in times of war and conflict, and in the pursuit of peace".[29]

Commentary and critiques by CAMERA

See also: National Public Radio § Criticism, Encarta, Munich (film) § Controversies, and The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy § Criticism

Among the organizations and works that have been criticized by CAMERA are:

ABC News anchor Peter Jennings

"We've long considered him anti-Israel", CAMERA's founder Andrea Levin has commented, pointing to an incident in which CAMERA, and eventually also the Columbia Journalism Review, criticized the anchor and his network for balking at correcting their misquote of an Israeli politician.[30]

National Public Radio

CAMERA's report, "A Record of Bias: National Public Radio's Coverage of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: September 26 – November 26, 2000" (2001) asserts that National Public Radio's "coverage of the Arab-Israeli conflict has long been marred by a striking anti-Israel tilt, with severe bias, error and lack of balance commonplace."[31] CAMERA supported a boycott of NPR, and demanded the firing of NPR's foreign editor, Loren Jenkins. CAMERA charged that Jenkins has a long record of partisanship in favor of Palestinian views, and that he has let his personal views tilt NPR's coverage. CAMERA charges that Jenkins has linked Israel to Nazis in his writings, and referred to Israel as a "colonizer."[32][33][34]

NPR's then-Ombudsman, Jeffrey A. Dvorkin, said in a 2002 interview that CAMERA used selective citations and subjective definitions of what it considers pro-Palestinian bias in formulating its findings, and that he felt CAMERA's campaign was "a kind of McCarthyism, frankly, that bashes us and causes people to question our commitment to doing this story fairly. And it exacerbates the legitimate anxieties of many in the Jewish community about the survival of Israel."[35]

Encarta

In an article originally published in the Jerusalem Post and posted on the official website of CAMERA, Andrea Levin, the Executive Director of CAMERA, describes Microsoft's digital multimedia encyclopedia Encarta as "a troubling mix of solid information, bias and error." In particular, Levin points to the articles written by Shaul Cohen of the University of Oregon, which Levin claims "blurs Arab aggression against the Jews from the Mandate period to the present, repeatedly equating the violence by the parties." [36]

Steven Spielberg's film Munich

In her film review of Munich (2005), posted on the official website of CAMERA, Andrea Levin claims that the film (a collaboration of director Steven Spielberg and playwright–screenwriter Tony Kushner) promotes "its thesis of Israeli culpability" and that "Israel's action battling its adversaries is cast as aberrant, bloody and counterproductive." Levin continues: "indeed, it is stunning to watch Munich and realize that its director [Spielberg] brought Schindler's List to the world. Where that was artistry drawn from truth, Munich is cinematic manipulation rooted in lies."[37]

Mearsheimer and Walt

CAMERA published a detailed critique by Alex Safian of Harvard University professor Stephen Walt and University of Chicago professor John Mearsheimer's The Israel Lobby and U.S. Foreign Policy paper. Safian argued that it is "riddled with errors of fact, logic and omission, has inaccurate citations, displays extremely poor judgement regarding sources, and, contrary to basic scholarly standards, ignores previous serious work on the subject. The bottom line: virtually every word and argument is, or ought to be, in 'serious dispute.' In other words, a student who submitted such a paper would flunk."[38]

God's Warriors

CAMERA published a critique of Christiane Amanpour's CNN documentary series God's Warriors, calling it "one of the most grossly distorted programs to appear on mainstream American television", "false in its basic premise", and "a perfect illustration of classical propaganda techniques".[39] Christiane Amanpour has responded that the documentary is not meant to compare religions, but rather to show "that each faith has their committed and fervent believers, and we're showing how each of those are active in the political sphere in today's world."[40]

"Israel's Jewish Defamers"

In October 2007, CAMERA organized a conference entitled "Israel's Jewish Defamers," in which a panel of discussants accused selected Jewish critics of Israel, as well as Israel's leading newspaper, Haaretz, of distortions and falsehoods about Israel. CAMERA director Andrea Levin described the Jewish critics — who included Princeton University’s Richard Falk, writer Norman Finkelstein, New York Review of Books contributor Henry Siegman, former New York Times columnist Anthony Lewis, Trent University professor Michael Neumann, and Tikkun magazine publisher Michael Lerner — of being guilty of "demonstrably false and baseless defaming of Israel, wildly distorted out of context accusations against Israel." Among the panelists were writer Cynthia Ozick and Harvard psychiatrist Kenneth Levin, who likened the Jewish critics to chronically abused children.

In response, Anthony Lewis told the New York Sun that the conference was "about a nonexistent phenomenon," noting that Jewish criticism of Israeli policies was not necessarily defamatory. Haaretz's editor-in-chief, David Landau, refused to comment on the conference, citing that "it was "a matter of policy and principle" not to respond to CAMERA, which Landau described as "McCarthyite." Tikkun editor Lerner also rejected the notion that he was anti-Israel.[41][42][43]


2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict

In response to coverage of the 2008–2009 Israel–Gaza conflict, CAMERA criticized the reporting of the Los Angeles Times,[44] CNN,[45], Ha'aretz,[46], NPR,[47] the U.N. Relief and Works Agency,[47] and Norwegian doctors being funded by the Norwegian ministry who appeared on media outlets such as the BBC and CBS.[48] CAMERA said that in its view reporting from the Los Angeles Times "consistently omitted key information about Gaza Strip sites targeted by the Israeli army" and gives the false impression that Israel doesn't aim to prevent civilian deaths.[44] CAMERA criticized Ha'aretz for "confusion and misinformation on the medical issue" in its "outlining what medical supplies Gaza is reportedly lacking and ignoring all incoming medical aid".[46]

Wikipedia campaign

In an April 2008 article, the pro-Palestinian advocacy site[49][50] Electronic Intifada revealed the existence of a Google group set up by CAMERA. The stated purpose of the group was "help[ing] us keep Israel-related entries on Wikipedia from becoming tainted by anti-Israel editors".[13] Electronic Intifada accused CAMERA of "orchestrating a secret, long-term campaign to infiltrate the popular online encyclopedia Wikipedia to rewrite Palestinian history, pass off crude propaganda as fact, and take over Wikipedia administrative structures to ensure these changes go either undetected or unchallenged".[51]

An e-mail by one member of the Google group advised that "One or more of you who want to take this route should stay away from any Israel realted [sic] articles for one month until they [sic] interact in a positive way with 100 wikipedia [sic] editors who would be used later to vote you as an administrator."[52] "There is no need to advertise the fact that we have these group discussions," another e-mail recommended.[13] Excerpts of some of the e-mails were published in the July 2008 issue of Harper's Magazine under the title of ″Candid camera″.[53] In April 2008, CAMERA's "Senior Research Analyst" Gilead Ini would not confirm that the messages were genuine but maintained that there was a CAMERA email campaign which adhered to Wikipedia's rules.[54] In August 2008, Ini argued the excerpts published in Harper's Magazine were unrepresenative and that CAMERA had campaigned "toward encouraging people to learn about and edit the online encyclopedia for accuracy".[55]

A group of Wikipedia administrators strongly believed an editor on Wikipedia to be Gilead Ini and blocked that user account indefinitely.[56][57] In April 2008 Gilead refused to say whether he was behind the Gni account,[54] and in May 2008 he denied that the account belonged to him.[56] Andre Oboler, a Legacy Heritage Fellow at the Israeli non-governmental organization NGO Monitor, alleged that groups such as "Wikipedians for Palestine" have engaged in similar practices.[56] Electronic Intifada co-founder Ali Abunimah insisted that his group would never encourage a similar e-mail campaign.[13]

Gershom Gorenberg, of the liberal magazine The American Prospect, stated "CAMERA is ready to exempt itself from the demands for accuracy that it aims at the media. And like others engaged in the narrative wars, it does not understand the difference between advocacy and accuracy."[12] Gorenberg criticized CAMERA for telling members not to share information about the campaign with media, and he also argued Ini's definition of accuracy "only means not printing anything embarrassing to his own side".[12] David Shamah, of the Israeli daily The Jerusalem Post, stated "the vast anti-Israel lobby that haters of our country have managed to pull together" hate it when groups like CAMERA mess up "their anti-Israel propaganda with (gasp!) facts".[58]

Five editors involved in the campaign were sanctioned by Wikipedia administrators, who wrote that the project's open nature "is fundamentally incompatible with the creation of a private group to surreptitiously coordinate editing".[59][60]

Criticisms

In a 2003 profile of the organization in the Boston Globe, Mark Jurkowitz observed: "To its supporters, CAMERA is figuratively - and perhaps literally - doing God's work, battling insidious anti-Israeli bias in the media. But its detractors see CAMERA as a myopic and vindictive special interest group trying to muscle its views into media coverage."[61]

The group has been criticized as not seeking accuracy in reporting but rather engaging in censorship and fighting for a pro-Israeli bias:

  • Journalist and author Robert I. Friedman wrote in 1987 that "CAMERA, the A.D.L., AIPAC and the rest of the lobby don't want fairness, but bias in their favor. And they are prepared to use McCarthyite tactics, as well as the power and money of pro-Israel PACs, to get whatever Israel wants."[63]
  • Writing about criticisms from CAMERA he and his colleagues have received, Jerusalem-based journalist Gershom Gorenberg wrote " It is not the press's job to provide PR for any government. Until CAMERA gets this straight, self-respecting journalists will regard an occasional snarl from the watchdog as proof that they're doing their job."[64]
  • Writing about attempts by CAMERA to get a local Pasadena, California church to cancel an appearance by Palestinian activist Reverend Naim Ateek, Rob Eshman, Editor-in-Chief of The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles, wrote "I'm always leery when Jewish groups ride in from out of town to try to save us from the bad guys. We have plenty of sharp-eyed Jewish defense groups locally who can tussle on our behalf. It's just a bit condescending to think we rubes, out in America's second-largest Jewish city, don't know how and when to fight. Or whom."[65] Eshman later clarified that his criticism was directed specifically at CAMERA's handling of the Ateek visit, and not toward the organization in general. "I think CAMERA, which in so many cases I find useful and correct, is in this case making things worse," he wrote.[66]
  • In 2005, Donald Wagner, Executive Director of the Center for Middle Eastern Studies and Associate Professor of Religion and Middle Eastern Studies at Northpark University,[67] argued that "for propaganda purposes Israel and its friends at CAMERA claimed "there were no new settlements" while "not only did the settler population double, so too did new settlement construction in the 108 new 'settlement outposts' established between the end of 1992 and 2000".[68]

Notes

  1. ^ Near East Collection at Yale University: Research Guide to Middle East Politics
  2. ^
    • see, e.g., "Rally in Philadelphia will support America and Israel. Press release. Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America (Greater Philadelphia District). January 18, 1991.

      A coalition of local groups will hold a rally at the Liberty Bell on Sunday, Jan. 20, in support of American and Israeli military policies in the Persian Gulf crisis. "We'll be coming out on Sunday to say 'God bless America and Israel," said Bertram Korn Jr., executive director of the Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America, one of the sponsors of the rally. "The criminal Iraqi war machine must be permanently disarmed," he added.

    • Zara Myers. The Name of the Game? Advocacy for Israel. Jewish Exponent. Philadelphia: Nov 25, 2004.

      To encourage effective advocacy on behalf of Israel, the Center for Israel and Overseas of the Jewish Federation of Greater Philadelphia will host a daylong program -- its inaugural advocacy event -- on Sunday, Dec. 5, from 10 a.m. to 3 p.m., at Hillel at the University of Pennsylvania, Steinhardt Hall, 215 S. 39th St. in Philadelphia. In the morning will be a panel featuring representatives from the Jewish Council for Public Affairs, the Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America and the American Israel Public Affairs Committee, all of which will discuss "Methodologies on How to Advocate for Israel...Dr. John Cohn, a local physician named Camera's "No. 1 Letter-Writer" in 2004, will serve as moderator of the panel.

    • CAMERA Articles For Students. Apply NOW to Be A CAMERA Student Representative—EARN A FREE TRIP TO ISRAEL AND $1000! Posted on CAMERA website, September 25, 2007.

      CAMERA is looking for fifteen passionately committed undergraduate students with excellent communication skills who can organize pro-Israel events on campus. Students earn $1000 and a free exclusive trip to Israel in June by becoming a CAMERA Fellows Representative.

    • Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. CAMERA: Fighting Distorted Media Coverage of Israel and the Middle East: An Interview with Andrea Levin. Posted on JCPA website, June 1, 2005.

      Their work undoubtedly has impact, but the non-Israel-related groups do not have the same activist focus. They produce studies and polls. It is for this reason that I think pro-Israeli media watching has an importance beyond the cause of Israel. Efforts that induce better adherence to ethical journalism in one subject area are positive generally in helping to strengthen American democracy, especially, again, as there are no enforceable codes of professional conduct in the media. – CAMERA Executive Director Andrea Levin.

    • The New York Times. MIDEAST TURMOIL: THE NEWS OUTLETS; Some U.S. Backers of Israel Boycott Dailies Over Mideast Coverage That They Deplore. Posted on NYTimes website, May 23, 2002.

      While the the pro-Israeli Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America, or Camera, studies newpapers for evidence of bias, Palestine Media Watch has been monitoring the coverage of newspapers like The Philadelphia Inquirer, The New York Times and The Atlanta Journal-Constitution.

  3. ^ a b CAMERA: About CAMERA
  4. ^ "A brief history of CAMERA" on CAMERA's official web site. Accessed August 14, 2007
  5. ^ Manfred Gerstenfeld and Ben Green. Watching the Pro-Israeli Media Watchers. Jewish Political Studies Review. 16:3-4 (Fall 2004).
  6. ^ Murdoch, Son Differ Sharply Over Israel
  7. ^ Lando, Michal (2007-11-04). "Israel critique on campus". Jerusalem: Jerusalem Post.
  8. ^ Rob Eshman (2008-01-25). "Butt out". Los Angeles: Jewish Journal.
  9. ^ U.S. newspapers catching flak for Mideast war coverage: Media caught in the cross fire as both sides complain of bias

    He said the network has been targeted by the Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting in America, which ran a full-page New York Times ad calling NPR's coverage "false" and "skewed" against Israel. The advertisement also urged NPR's financial backers to stop supporting the network.
  10. ^ a b Guardian Unlimited: The readers' editor on ... a ruling in favour of freedom of expression

    It has, for instance, been involved in a long-running battle with NPR, National Public Radio, in Washington, over its Middle East coverage, organising demonstrations outside NPR stations across the US and seeking to persuade NPR's supporters to withhold funds.
  11. ^ The American Prospect: J Street on the Map
  12. ^ a b c Gorenberg, Gershom. The Mideast Editing Wars. The American Prospect, May 1, 2008.
  13. ^ a b c d Beam, Alex (2008-05-03). "War of the virtual Wiki-worlds". The Boston Globe. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 2008-05-04. In what was probably not a very smart idea, Gilead Ini, a senior research analyst for CAMERA, put out an e-mail call for 10 volunteers "to help us keep Israel-related entries on Wikipedia from becoming tainted by anti-Israel editors." [...] More than 50 sympathizers answered the call, and Ini put his campaign into motion.
    In follow-up e-mails to his recruits, Ini emphasized the secrecy of the campaign: "There is no need to advertise the fact that we have these group discussions," he wrote. "Anti-Israel editors will seize on anything to try to discredit people who attempt to challenge their problematic assertions, and will be all too happy to pretend, and announce, that a 'Zionist' cabal . . . is trying to hijack Wikipedia."
    [...] Someone leaked four weeks' worth of communications from within Ini's organization, and the quotes weren't pretty. Describing the Wiki-campaign, a member of Ini's corps writes: "We will go to war after we have built an army, equiped [sic] it, trained." There is also some back-and-forth about the need to become Wikipedia administrators, to better influence the encyclopedia's articles.
  14. ^ Cheryl A. Rubenberg: Israel and the American National Interest: A Critical Examination, University of Illinois Press, 1986. ISBN 0-252-06074-1, p.339

    Another pro-Israeli organization that was formed after 1982 to monitor the media is the Committee for Accuracy in Middle East Reporting (CAMERA).

  15. ^ Rubenberg, p.353-54,

    The term “Israeli lobby” loosely refers to the approximately thirty-eight major Jewish groups that concern themselves with Israel and with influencing US Middle East policy to serve the interests of the Jewish state. (Since the 1982 war in Lebanon, there has been a proliferation of new groups, in addition to the thirty-eight, such as ASFI, CAMERA, and others.)

  16. ^ Robert I. Friedman. The lobby: Jewish political power and American foreign policy. The Nation 244.(June 6, 1987).
  17. ^ New York Times: How Great Were the Injustices of Arabs to Jews; 'Pacification' of Gaza
  18. ^ "A brief history of CAMERA" on CAMERA's official web site. Accessed October 23, 2006.
  19. ^ CAMERA at Jewish Information and Referral Service.
  20. ^ See "About CAMERA" and "Our Mission" as featured on the official website.
  21. ^ Israel National News: Anti-Palin Jews Shunned Anti-Iran Rally
  22. ^ Forward: Sparks Fly Over Decision To Exclude Palin
  23. ^ Israel National News: B'Tselem Tries to Steer United States to the Left
  24. ^ See "About CAMERA"
  25. ^ CAMERA website, CAMERA Publications: Monographs
  26. ^ See "CAMERA on College Campuses":

    Increasingly, campuses have been the scene of propagandistic assaults on Israel. Distorted literature, extreme speakers and false, inflammatory images are all too common, creating harmful misperceptions of Israel. This hostile environment can be intimidating to students seeking fair and objective information on Middle East issues.

    CAMERA publishes a student-focused magazine, CAMERA on Campus, containing specialized information useful in countering misinformation. CAMERA also provides one-on-one assistance to students who encounter Middle East distortions in campus publications, flyers, rallies and classroom teaching.

    The managing editors of CAMERA On Campus is Deborah Passner.
  27. ^ CAMERA: Apply NOW for CAMERA Student Rep Positions: Earn $1000 and FREE TRIP TO ISRAEL!
  28. ^ The Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations: Member organizations
  29. ^ The Conference of Presidents of Major American Jewish Organizations: About the Conference
  30. ^ History News Network
  31. ^ CAMERA March 27, 2001, accessed July 21, 2006.
  32. ^ Press Release. CAMERA Calls on NPR to Fire Foreign Editor Loren Jenkins. May 3, 2002.
  33. ^ Pro-Israel Lobbyists Seek to Influence Coverage of Mideast. Agence France-Presse, May 25, 2002
  34. ^ Andrea Levin. Just Say No to NPR. The Jerusalem Post, September 27, 2002.
  35. ^ Camille T. Taiara. All bias considered: Bizarre attack on NPR as "anti-Israel" shows how fringe groups are pushing Mideast debate. San Francisco Bay Guardian. May 28, 2003. See also Jeffrey A. Dvorkin, "NPR's Middle East 'Problem,'", NPR: Archive of Ombudsman Columns February 22, 2002, accessed July 21, 2006. [In June 2006 Dvorkin left the position of NPR Ombudsman to become the executive director of the Committee of Concerned Journalists (CCJ), an organization founded by Bill Kovach as part of the Project for Excellence in Journalism (CEJ), effective July 1, 2006; see Dvorkin's last column as NPR Ombudsman, "Dear Listeners: Thanks and Farewell," and CEJ/CCJ press release, June 19, 2006.]
  36. ^ "Microsoft's Encarta Muddles the Middle East," Jerusalem Post February 12, 2004, CAMERA May 26, 2006.
  37. ^ "File Review of Munich: Spielberg and Kushner Smear Israel," CAMERA December 21, 2005, accessed May 18, 2006.
  38. ^ Alex Safian, "Study Decrying 'Israel Lobby' Marred by Numerous Errors" ("Updated April 6: Rebutting charges of expulsion and massacre"), CAMERA March 20, 2006, accessed March 24, 2006. Cf. "Reply to the Mearsheimer-Walt 'Working Paper'" by Alan Dershowitz of the Harvard Law School, in his essay "Debunking the Newest–and Oldest–Jewish Conspiracy," April 5, 2006, online posting, FrontPage Magazine, n.d., accessed July 29, 2006 (pdf file); in posting an excerpt from Dershowitz's "reply" in "Dershowitz Responds to Walt and Mearsheimer Paper", CAMERA observes that Dershowitz cites "CAMERA's detailed refutation of Walt and Mearsheimer's claims" (hyperlinking to Safian). See also Glenn Frankel, "A Beautiful Friendship? In Search of the Truth about the Israel Lobby's Influence on Washington," The Washington Post July 16, 2006: W13.
  39. ^ God's Jewish Warriors -- CNN's Abomination by CAMERA
  40. ^ I-Reporters quiz CNN's Amanpour
  41. ^ Elliot Resnick. Conference Focuses On Israel's Jewish Defamers. Jewish Press, October 24, 2007.
  42. ^ Gabrielle Birkner. Conference Focuses On Israel's Jewish Defamers. The New York Sun. October 19, 2007.
  43. ^ Ben Harris. Media watchdog blasts ‘Israel’s Jewish defamers’;Michael Lerner, Ha’aretz editor reject charges. The Jewish Review, Vol 50, No. 8, October 2007.
  44. ^ a b CAMERA: At LA Times, Obscured Targets
  45. ^ CAMERA: Who Broke the Ceasefire? CNN's "Fact Check" Falls Short
  46. ^ a b CAMERA: Pulse on Gaza's Medical Situation
  47. ^ a b CAMERA: Palestinian Spokesmen Rely on Time-Tested Tactic
  48. ^ CAMERA: Norwegian Doctors in Gaza: Objective Observers or Partisan Propagandists?
  49. ^ Halper, Jeff (spring 2006). "A Strategy within a Non-Strategy: Sumud, Resistance, Attrition, and Advocacy". Journal of Palestine Studies. 35 (139): 45. doi:10.1525/jps.2006.35.3.45. Bright spots of Palestinian advocacy such as the Electronic Intifada {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)CS1 maint: date and year (link)
  50. ^ George S. Hishmeh, Activists under cyber-attack in internet propaganda war, The Daily Star (Lebanon), Monday, November 11, 2002.

    NB: Given the headline, and context it is clear this is one of the advocacy sites referred to, it is from the press and this online copy is from the blog of the one of the people running Electronic Intifada. "Nigel Parry, co-founder of Electronic Intifada, one of the widely read online publications that has been subjected to these attacks..."
  51. ^ "Pro-Israel group's plan to re-write history on Wikipedia." [1]. Electronic Initifada. April 21, 2008.
  52. ^ "Pro-Israel group's plan to re-write history on Wikipedia." [2]. Electronic Initifada. April 21, 2008.
  53. ^ "Candid camera". Harper's Magazine. 2008-07. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  54. ^ a b Metz, Cade (2008-04-29). "US Department of Justice banned from Wikipedia". The Register. Retrieved 2008-05-09.
  55. ^ CAMERA: CAMERA Letter in Harper's Magazine About Wikipedia Issues
  56. ^ a b c The Jewish Week: "Latest Front In Mideast Wars: Wikipedia"
  57. ^ Wikilobby campaign discussion on Wikipedia
  58. ^ Shamah, David. "Digital World: Internet Independence Day", The Jerusalem Post, May 6, 2008
  59. ^ McElroy, Damien (2008-05-08). "Israeli battles rage on Wikipedia". The Daily Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group Limited. Retrieved 2008-05-08.
  60. ^ Monica G. Prieto, "¿Se puede reescribir la historia? (Is it possible to re-write history?)", El Mundo, April 23, 2008, accessed 2008-04-29
  61. ^ Mark Jurkowitz, "Blaming the Messenger: When the Pro-Israeli Group CAMERA Sees News from the Middle East That It Deems Unfair Or Wrong, It Targets the Media-And Doesn't Let Go," Boston Globe Magazine February 9, 2003: 10, History News Network (George Mason University) April 24, 2006.
  62. ^ Mitchell Kaidy, "CAMERA and FLAME: Pressuring U.S. Media," Washington Report on Middle East Affairs July/Aug. 1993: 29, WRMEA Archive of Back Issues April 10, 2006; cf. CAMERA on Washington Report on Middle East Affairs, accessed August 13, 2006.
  63. ^ Robert I. Friedman. The lobby: Jewish political power and American foreign policy. The Nation 244.(June 6, 1987).
  64. ^ Gershom Gorenberg. Uncandid CAMERA. Moment Magazine. Washington: Oct/Nov 2007. Vol. 32, Iss. 5; pg. 14
  65. ^ Rob Eshman. Butt Out. The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles January 25, 2008.
  66. ^ Rob Eshman. Response to CAMERA letter. The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles, February 1, 2008.
  67. ^ Hope for the Holy Land Conference: The Presenters
  68. ^ Sojourners: Trouble spots

See also

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External links

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