Rauf Orbay

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Rauf Orbay

Hüseyin Rauf Orbay (1881–16 July 1964) was a Turkish naval officer and statesman, born in Constantinople.

His father's family was Abkhaz and his mother side was from Crete.

As an officer in the Ottoman Navy, he achieved fame for his actions as the captain of the cruiser Hamidiye during the First Balkan War. On October 31, 1918, he signed Armistice of Mudros as the Minister of Navy, which ended the Ottoman Empire's participation in World War I. When the Turkish War of Independence began, he resigned from his position and went to Ankara to collaborate with Kemal Atatürk. He was elected as a member of the representative committee in the Congress of Erzurum on 23 July, 1919. He joined the Congress of Sivas as a delegate for Sivas on September 4, 1919 and was elected deputy chairman.

When the War of Independence ended he became the first Prime Minister of the new Republic of Turkey on 11 August 1922. In 1924 he was one of the founders of the Terakkiperver Cumhuriyet Fırkasi (Progressive Republican Party), in opposition to Atatürk's Republican People's Party. When this party was closed in 1925, he went to exile in Europe for 10 years. Later, he was cleared of all accusations and became a member of the Turkish parliament.

During World War II he was the Turkish ambassador in London. He always firmly believed in the Republic of Turkey and always stressed that Kemal Atatürk was the only person who could have organised and lead the transformation of the crumbling Ottoman Empire into modern Turkey.

Autobiography

• Cehennem Değirmeni ("Windmill of Hell"), Emre Publishing, September 1993

References

• Rauf Orbay, Siyasi Hatiralar, Örgün Yayinevi, Istanbul, 2003
• Kafkas Foundation Template:Tr icon