2016 Lithuanian parliamentary election: Difference between revisions
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Revision as of 09:31, 2 December 2015
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Parliamentary election will be held in Lithuania on 9 October 2016,[1] with a second round within 15 days. All 141 seats in the Seimas are up for election: 71 in single-seat constituencies in a majority vote; the remaining 70 in a nation-wide constituency based on proportional representation.
The Lithuanian Social Democratic Party is the largest party in the Seimas before the election, following its victory in the election in 2012. The Social Democrats form a government coalition with Labour Party, Order and Justice.
Electoral system
The Seimas has 141 members, elected to a four-year term in parallel voting, with 71 members elected in single-seat constituencies and 70 members elected by proportional representation.[2] The voting in the elections is open to all citizens of Lithuania who are at least 18 years old.
Parliament members in the 71 single-seat constituencies are elected in a majority vote, with a run-off held within 15 days, if necessary. The remaining 70 seats are allocated to the participating political parties using the largest remainder method. Parties normally need to receive at least 5% (7% for multi-party electoral lists) of the votes to be eligible for a seat. Candidates take the seats allocated to their parties based on the preference lists submitted before the election and adjusted by preference votes given by the voters.[2]
To be eligible for election, candidates must be at least 25 years old on the election day, not under allegiance to a foreign state and permanently reside in Lithuania. Persons serving or due to serve a sentence imposed by the court 65 days before the election are not eligible. Also, judges, citizens performing military service, and servicemen of professional military service and officials of statutory institutions and establishments may not stand for election.[2] In addition, a person who has been removed from office through impeachment may not be elected.[3]
Changes before the election
The 71 single-seat constituencies in Lithuania were drawn soon after the independence, based on the principle that the number of voters in each constituency should be between 90 and 110 percent of the average number of voters per constituency. As the demographic situation changed, the law was adjusted to allow a deviation in the range from 80 and 120 percent, in order to avoid major changes to constituency boundaries.
In October 2015, the Constitutional Court of Lithuania decided that the existing system, which allows the largest constituency to be as much as 50% larger than the smallest one, is unconstitutional, since it does not give sufficiently equal weight to all votes. The court stated that the constituencies should be redrawn in such a way that the number of voters in each constituency is between 90 and 110 percent of the average.[4]
The decision of the Constitutional Court will be implemented before the election in 2016. No other changes to the electoral system for this election are planed.[5]
References
- ^ "Numatomi rinkimai" [Upcoming elections] (in Lithuanian). Central Elections Commission. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
- ^ a b c "Law on Elections to the Seimas". Seimas of the Republic of Lithuania. 14 May 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ^ "Konstitucinis Teismas R. Paksui vilties nesuteikė" [The constitutional court did not give R. Paksas hope]. Delfi.lt (in Lithuanian). 20 March 2014. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
- ^ "Rinkėjų paskirstymas po apygardas prieštarauja Konstitucijai" [Distribution of voters across constituencies is unconstitutional]. Delfi.lt (in Lithuanian). 20 October 2015. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
- ^ "Artėjantys Seimo rinkimai apsieis be drastiškų korekcijų" [Upcoming elections to the Seimas will do without drastic changes]. Delfi.lt (in Lithuanian). 28 October 2015. Retrieved 2 December 2015.
