Jump to content

Typhoon Melor: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
No edit summary
Line 12: Line 12:
| 1-min winds = 125
| 1-min winds = 125
| pressure = 935
| pressure = 935
| fatalities = 35 deaths, 6 missing (as of December 20, 2015)<ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/12/20/15/nona-leaves-35-dead-p2-b-damage-ndrrmc}}</ref>
| fatalities = 23 deaths, 3 missing
| damagespre = At least
| damagespre = At least
| damages = 19.7
| damages = 19.7

Revision as of 07:44, 20 December 2015

This article is about the 2015 typhoon. For other storms of the same name, see Typhoon Melor.
Typhoon Melor (Nona)
Very strong typhoon (JMA scale)
Category 4 typhoon (SSHWS)
Typhoon Melor near Samar on December 14
FormedDecember 9, 2015 (2015-12-09)
DissipatedDecember 17, 2015 (2015-12-17)
Highest winds10-minute sustained: 175 km/h (110 mph)
1-minute sustained: 230 km/h (145 mph)
Lowest pressure935 hPa (mbar); 27.61 inHg
Fatalities35 deaths, 6 missing (as of December 20, 2015)[1]
DamageAt least $19.7 million (USD)
Areas affectedCaroline Islands, Philippines
Part of the 2015 Pacific typhoon season

Typhoon Melor, known in the Philippines as Typhoon Nona, was a powerful tropical cyclone that struck the Philippines in December 2015. The twenty-seventh named storm and the eighteenth typhoon of the annual typhoon season, Melor caused at least 23 deaths and US$19.7 million in damage.

Meteorological history

Map plotting the storm's track and intensity, according to the Saffir–Simpson scale
Map key
Saffir–Simpson scale
  Tropical depression (≤38 mph, ≤62 km/h)
  Tropical storm (39–73 mph, 63–118 km/h)
  Category 1 (74–95 mph, 119–153 km/h)
  Category 2 (96–110 mph, 154–177 km/h)
  Category 3 (111–129 mph, 178–208 km/h)
  Category 4 (130–156 mph, 209–251 km/h)
  Category 5 (≥157 mph, ≥252 km/h)
  Unknown
Storm type
triangle Extratropical cyclone, remnant low, tropical disturbance, or monsoon depression

On December 7, a tropical disturbance formed about 120 km (75 mi) south of Chuuk in the afternoon.[2] The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) started to mention it as a low-pressure area early on December 8 and then upgraded it to a tropical depression one day later.[3][4] The system continued consolidating slowly until deep convection built over an area of the reverse-oriented trough on December 10;[5] moreover, the JMA started to issue tropical cyclone warnings to the system on the same day, expecting a tropical storm within 24 hours.[6] Based on a developing low-level circulation center (LLCC) obscured by the mid-level deep convection in an area of strong westward upper-level diffluence and moderate easterly vertical wind shear, the Joint Typhoon Warning Center (JTWC) issued a Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert (TCFA) to the system early on December 11.[7] The JMA, however, upgraded the tropical depression to a tropical storm immediately after that TCFA and named it Melor, when the storm was only about 50 km (31 mi) south of Yap.[8] In the afternoon, the JTWC upgraded it to a tropical depression and designated it as 28W, just six hours before the center even upgraded Melor to a tropical storm that was tracking west-northwestward along the southern periphery of a deep-layered subtropical ridge.[9]

Typhoon Melor near Mindoro on December 15

The PAGASA was about to name the tropical storm as Nonoy, yet it was named Nona after entering the Philippine Area of Responsibility on December 12, owing to political reasons.[10] When Melor was forming an eye in the afternoon, the JMA upgraded it to a severe tropical storm.[11][12] Thanks to low vertical wind shear, warm sea surface temperature above 28ºC and robust poleward outflow enhanced by a very powerful Aleutian low, Melor intensified into a typhoon early on December 13, as tightly curved spiral banding was wrapping into a tiny but clear eye.[13][14] The JTWC upgraded Melor to a SSHWS Category 4-equivalent typhoon at 12:00 UT. Although the eye appeared to be cloud-filled temporarily, the eyewall consolidated more.[15][16] Melor made landfall over Batag Island of Laoang, Northern Samar of the Philippines at 11:00 PST (03:00 UTC) on December 14. The JMA reported a peak intensity of ten-minute maximum sustained winds at 175 km/h (110 mph) and a central pressure of 935 hPa (27.61 inHg). The typhoon formed a well-defined eye and then maintained it for several hours while crossing the northern coast of Samar.[17][18] Later, it made its second landfall over Bulusan, Sorsogon at 16:00 PST (08:00 UTC) and third landfall over Burias Island at 21:45 PST (13:45 UTC), resulting a cloud-filled eye again.[19]

Preparations

Highest PSWS raised by PAGASA across the Philippines in relation to Typhoon Melor

In preparation for the typhoon, 700,000 residents in several provinces are evacuated.[20][21] On Albay, work on all government and private offices was suspended, except for disaster response. Classes are also suspended on most of Bicol and parts of Eastern Visayas. A no-sail zone was implemented on areas where the typhoon will pass. Many flights are cancelled on December 14, following the approaching typhoon. [22][23]

Impact

On December 14, Typhoon Melor first made its first landfall on Batag Island on Northern Samar. On the same day, it made its second landfall in Sorsogon.[24]

Typhoon Melor caused most devastation in Mindoro and Romblon. Oriental Mindoro is placed under state of calamity due to the devastation caused by the typhoon. [25] Pinamalayan in Oriental Mindoro is worst hit, with 15,000 homes, 24,000 families (108,000 people) on evacuation centers, and ₱325,025,710.96 property damages, including agriculture and infrastructure. [26]

Seventeen people are killed during the typhoon, and damages cost P935,192,943.51, almost costing one billion pesos. On Metro Manila, floods affected traffic and commuters. Water level on dams are also raise, especially on Angat Dam. Damages on agriculture cost ₱51 million, and 156,000 houses are heavily damaged. Several roads are also closed due to the typhoon. State of calamity is declared on the whole country under Presidential Decree (P.D.) 1186 to speed up rescue, recovery, relief and rehabilitation operations following the devastation by the typhoon. [27]

Several areas in Central Luzon, mostly in Nueva Ecija, Bulacan, Pampanga, Tarlac, Isabela, and Aurora, are flooded by rain brought by Typhoon Melor.[28][29] Dams are also filled by water, almost reaching their spilling levels.[28]

See also

References

  1. ^ http://news.abs-cbn.com/nation/12/20/15/nona-leaves-35-dead-p2-b-damage-ndrrmc. {{cite web}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  2. ^ "Index of /tcdat/tc15/WPAC/28W.MELOR/ir/ahi/1km". US Naval Research Laboratory, Marine Meteorology. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  3. ^ "Marine Weather Warning for GMDSS Metarea XI 2015-12-08T00:00:00Z". WIS Portal – GISC Tokyo. Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  4. ^ "Marine Weather Warning for GMDSS Metarea XI 2015-12-09T00:00:00Z". WIS Portal – GISC Tokyo. Japan Meteorological Agency. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  5. ^ "Significant Tropical Weather Advisory for the Western and South Pacific Oceans 100600Z-110600Z Dec 2015". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on December 10, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  6. ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 101200". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on December 10, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  7. ^ "Tropical Cyclone Formation Alert". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on December 11, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  8. ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 110600". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on December 11, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  9. ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 28W (Melor) Warning Nr 02". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on December 11, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  10. ^ "Tropical storm enters PAR, named 'Nona' instead of 'Nonoy'". Sun Star. Manila, Philippines. December 12, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  11. ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Tropical Storm 28W (Melor) Warning Nr 06". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on December 12, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  12. ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 121500". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on December 12, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  13. ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 28W (Melor) Warning Nr 07". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on December 13, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  14. ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 130000". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on December 13, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  15. ^ "Typhoon 28W (Melor) Warning Nr 009". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on December 13, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  16. ^ "Prognostic Reasoning for Typhoon 28W (Melor) Warning Nr 10". Joint Typhoon Warning Center. Archived from the original on December 13, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  17. ^ "RSMC Tropical Cyclone Advisory 140000". Japan Meteorological Agency. Archived from the original on December 14, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  18. ^ "Himawari-8 Animation Library". National Institute of Information and Communications Technology. Retrieved December 18, 2015. Target area animation 2015.12.14
  19. ^ "SitRep No.12 re Preparedness Measures and Effects of Typhoon NONA (I.N. MELOR)" (PDF). National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council. December 18, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  20. ^ "Philippines evacuate 700,000 due to Typhoon Nona". Rappler. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  21. ^ Marasigan, Fernan; Garcia, Rhaydz B.; Vergara, Benjie L.; Cueto, Francis Earl A.; Hilario, Ritchie A. (December 14, 2015). "700000 flee 'Nona'". manilatimes.net. AFP and others. The Manila Times. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  22. ^ "Cancelled flights due to Typhoon Nona". Rappler.com. Rappler. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  23. ^ Lopa, Richie (December 14, 2015). "CANCELLED FLIGHTS : Typhoon Nona causes flight cancellations to Bicol, Eastern Luzon". Interakson.com. News5. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  24. ^ "Typhoon Nona makes second landfall in Sorsogon". Rappler.com. Rappler. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  25. ^ Virona, Madonna (December 16, 2015). "Oriental Mindoro under state of calamity". Inquirer.net. Inquirer Southern Luzon. Philippine Daily Inquirer. Retrieved December 19, 2015.
  26. ^ "Typhoon Nona turns Pinamalayan town in Oriental Mindoro into wasteland". GMA News Online. GMA News. December 18, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  27. ^ Alvarez, Kathrina Charmaine (December 18, 2015). "PNoy declares state of national calamity due to Nona". GMA News Online. GMA News. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  28. ^ a b "Floods swamp Luzon; dams full". newsinfo.inquirer.net. Philippine Daily Inquirer. December 18, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
  29. ^ "57 villages in Central Luzon still under floodwaters due to Nona". Manilatimes.net. The Manila Times. December 17, 2015. Retrieved December 18, 2015.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Typhoon Melor (2015).
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Typhoon_Melor&oldid=696008738"