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He is a Fellow of [[Trinity College, Cambridge]] and was installed as the [[List of Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge|Master of Trinity]] on 2 October 2012.<ref>[http://www.takedasf.com/corporate/winter.htm http://www.takedasf.com/corporate/winter.htm]{{dead link|date=April 2013}}</ref> He was previously Deputy Director of the [[Laboratory of Molecular Biology]], [[Medical Research Council (UK)|Medical Research Council]], and Head of the Division of Protein and Nucleic Acids Chemistry.<ref>[http://www.f-star.com/scientific_advisors/3/sir-gregory-winter-chairman http://www.f-star.com/scientific_advisors/3/sir-gregory-winter-chairman]{{dead link|date=April 2013}}</ref>
He is a Fellow of [[Trinity College, Cambridge]] and was installed as the [[List of Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge|Master of Trinity]] on 2 October 2012.<ref>[http://www.takedasf.com/corporate/winter.htm http://www.takedasf.com/corporate/winter.htm]{{dead link|date=April 2013}}</ref> He was previously Deputy Director of the [[Laboratory of Molecular Biology]], [[Medical Research Council (UK)|Medical Research Council]], and Head of the Division of Protein and Nucleic Acids Chemistry.<ref>[http://www.f-star.com/scientific_advisors/3/sir-gregory-winter-chairman http://www.f-star.com/scientific_advisors/3/sir-gregory-winter-chairman] {{wayback|url=http://www.f-star.com/scientific_advisors/3/sir-gregory-winter-chairman |date=20120129160435 }}</ref>


==Education==
==Education==
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He is on the Scientific Advisory Board of ''Covagen''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.covagen.com/index.php?id=113 |title=Covagen AG &#124; September 2011: Sir Gregory Winter joins Covagen's Scientific Advisory Board |publisher=Covagen.com |date=2011-09-20 |accessdate=2013-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.covagen.com/index.php?id=114 |title=Covagen AG &#124; Scientific Advisory Board |publisher=Covagen.com |date= |accessdate=2013-04-05}}</ref>
He is on the Scientific Advisory Board of ''Covagen''.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.covagen.com/index.php?id=113 |title=Covagen AG &#124; September 2011: Sir Gregory Winter joins Covagen's Scientific Advisory Board |publisher=Covagen.com |date=2011-09-20 |accessdate=2013-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.covagen.com/index.php?id=114 |title=Covagen AG &#124; Scientific Advisory Board |publisher=Covagen.com |date= |accessdate=2013-04-05}}</ref>


In 1989, Winter was a founder of [[Cambridge Antibody Technology]], one of the early commercial biotech companies involved in antibody engineering. One of the most successful antibody drugs developed was HUMIRA ([[adalimumab]]), which was discovered by Cambridge Antibody Technology as D2E7, and developed and marketed by [[Abbott Laboratories]]. HUMIRA, an antibody to [[TNF alpha]], was the world's first fully human antibody,<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/nbt0407-380| pmid = 17420735| title = Billion dollar babies—biotech drugs as blockbusters| journal = Nature Biotechnology| volume = 25| issue = 4| pages = 380–2| year = 2007| last1 = Lawrence | first1 = S. }}</ref> which achieved annual sales exceeding $1bn<ref>http://telegraph.uk-wire.com/cgi-bin/articles/200601251501444434X.html</ref>- see [[Pharmaceutical drug#Other/related topics]]. Cambridge Antibody Technology was acquired by [[Astrazeneca]] in 2006 for £702m.<ref>[http://www.astrazeneca.com/media/latest-press-releases/2006/5266?itemId=3891617 http://www.astrazeneca.com/media/latest-press-releases/2006/5266?itemId=3891617]{{dead link|date=April 2013}}</ref>
In 1989, Winter was a founder of [[Cambridge Antibody Technology]], one of the early commercial biotech companies involved in antibody engineering. One of the most successful antibody drugs developed was HUMIRA ([[adalimumab]]), which was discovered by Cambridge Antibody Technology as D2E7, and developed and marketed by [[Abbott Laboratories]]. HUMIRA, an antibody to [[TNF alpha]], was the world's first fully human antibody,<ref>{{Cite journal | doi = 10.1038/nbt0407-380| pmid = 17420735| title = Billion dollar babies—biotech drugs as blockbusters| journal = Nature Biotechnology| volume = 25| issue = 4| pages = 380–2| year = 2007| last1 = Lawrence | first1 = S. }}</ref> which achieved annual sales exceeding $1bn<ref>http://telegraph.uk-wire.com/cgi-bin/articles/200601251501444434X.html</ref>- see [[Pharmaceutical drug#Other/related topics]]. Cambridge Antibody Technology was acquired by [[Astrazeneca]] in 2006 for £702m.<ref>[http://www.astrazeneca.com/media/latest-press-releases/2006/5266?itemId=3891617 http://www.astrazeneca.com/media/latest-press-releases/2006/5266?itemId=3891617] {{wayback|url=http://www.astrazeneca.com/media/latest-press-releases/2006/5266?itemId=3891617 |date=20100102190027 }}</ref>


In 2000, Winter founded a company called [http://www.domantis.com Domantis] to pioneer the use of domain antibodies, which use only the active portion of a full-sized antibody. Domantis was acquired by the pharmaceutical [[GlaxoSmithKline]] in December 2006 for £230 million.<ref>[http://www.mrc.ac.uk/Newspublications/News/MRC003436 GSK is to buy Domantis - a company based on discoveries by MRC scientists] MRC Website</ref>
In 2000, Winter founded a company called [http://www.domantis.com Domantis] to pioneer the use of domain antibodies, which use only the active portion of a full-sized antibody. Domantis was acquired by the pharmaceutical [[GlaxoSmithKline]] in December 2006 for £230 million.<ref>[http://www.mrc.ac.uk/Newspublications/News/MRC003436 GSK is to buy Domantis - a company based on discoveries by MRC scientists] MRC Website</ref>
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==Awards and honours==
==Awards and honours==
Winter was elected a [[List of Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1990|Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1990]]<ref name=frs>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117013423/https://royalsociety.org/people/gregory-winter-12548/|archivedate=2015-11-17|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/gregory-winter-12548/|publisher=[[Royal Society]]|location=London|title=Sir Gregory Winter CBE FMedSci FRS}}</ref> and awarded the [[Royal Medal]] by the society in 2011 "for his pioneering work in protein engineering and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, and his contributions as an inventor and entrepreneur".<ref>{{cite web|url = http://royalsociety.org/news/RS-announces-2011-Copley/| title = Royal Society announces 2011 Copley Medal recipient| publisher = Royal Society|accessdate = 2012-02-23}}</ref> He was given the [[Scheele Award]] in 1994. In 1995, Winter won several international awards including the [[King Faisal International Prize]] for Medicine (Molecular Immunology) and in 1999, the Cancer Research Institute [[William B. Coley Award]]. Winter was formerly the Joint Head of the Division of Protein and [[Nucleic acid|Nucleic Acid]] Chemistry-Biotechnology, and is Deputy Director,<ref>[http://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/admin.html LMB Structure]{{dead link|date=April 2013}}</ref> at the [[Laboratory of Molecular Biology]], Cambridge, an institution funded by the UK [[Medical research|Medical Research]] Council. He was also Deputy Director of the MRC’s [[Centre for Protein Engineering]] until its absorption into the Laboratory of Molecular Biology. He is a member of the Advisory Council for the [[Campaign for Science and Engineering]].<ref name="CaSE Advisory Council">{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencecampaign.org.uk/about/who/advisory.htm|title=Advisory Council of the Campaign for Science and Engineering|accessdate=2011-02-11}}</ref> Winter was appointed [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire|CBE]] in 1997 and [[Knight Bachelor]] in 2004. He is currently [[List of Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge|Master]] of [[Trinity College, Cambridge|Trinity]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.number10.gov.uk/news/master-of-trinity/ |title=Sir Gregory Winter CBE FRS appointed Master of Trinity College, Cambridge University |publisher=Number10.gov.uk |date=2011-12-16 |accessdate=2013-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.admin.cam.ac.uk/news/2011/12/16/master-of-trinity-college-cambridge/ |title=Master of Trinity College, Cambridge - News &amp' events - University of Cambridge |publisher=News.admin.cam.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-04-05}}</ref>
Winter was elected a [[List of Fellows of the Royal Society elected in 1990|Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1990]]<ref name=frs>{{cite web|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20151117013423/https://royalsociety.org/people/gregory-winter-12548/|archivedate=2015-11-17|url=https://royalsociety.org/people/gregory-winter-12548/|publisher=[[Royal Society]]|location=London|title=Sir Gregory Winter CBE FMedSci FRS}}</ref> and awarded the [[Royal Medal]] by the society in 2011 "for his pioneering work in protein engineering and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, and his contributions as an inventor and entrepreneur".<ref>{{cite web|url = http://royalsociety.org/news/RS-announces-2011-Copley/| title = Royal Society announces 2011 Copley Medal recipient| publisher = Royal Society|accessdate = 2012-02-23}}</ref> He was given the [[Scheele Award]] in 1994. In 1995, Winter won several international awards including the [[King Faisal International Prize]] for Medicine (Molecular Immunology) and in 1999, the Cancer Research Institute [[William B. Coley Award]]. Winter was formerly the Joint Head of the Division of Protein and [[Nucleic acid|Nucleic Acid]] Chemistry-Biotechnology, and is Deputy Director,<ref>[http://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/admin.html LMB Structure] {{wayback|url=http://www2.mrc-lmb.cam.ac.uk/admin.html |date=20080223202412 }}</ref> at the [[Laboratory of Molecular Biology]], Cambridge, an institution funded by the UK [[Medical research|Medical Research]] Council. He was also Deputy Director of the MRC’s [[Centre for Protein Engineering]] until its absorption into the Laboratory of Molecular Biology. He is a member of the Advisory Council for the [[Campaign for Science and Engineering]].<ref name="CaSE Advisory Council">{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencecampaign.org.uk/about/who/advisory.htm|title=Advisory Council of the Campaign for Science and Engineering|accessdate=2011-02-11}}</ref> Winter was appointed [[Commander of the Order of the British Empire|CBE]] in 1997 and [[Knight Bachelor]] in 2004. He is currently [[List of Masters of Trinity College, Cambridge|Master]] of [[Trinity College, Cambridge|Trinity]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.number10.gov.uk/news/master-of-trinity/ |title=Sir Gregory Winter CBE FRS appointed Master of Trinity College, Cambridge University |publisher=Number10.gov.uk |date=2011-12-16 |accessdate=2013-04-05}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://news.admin.cam.ac.uk/news/2011/12/16/master-of-trinity-college-cambridge/ |title=Master of Trinity College, Cambridge - News &amp' events - University of Cambridge |publisher=News.admin.cam.ac.uk |date= |accessdate=2013-04-05}}</ref>


==References==
==References==

Revision as of 05:34, 11 January 2016

For the American journalist, see Greg Winter (journalist).
Sir Greg Winter
Born
Gregory Paul Winter

(1951-04-14) 14 April 1951 (age 73)[3]
Alma materTrinity College, Cambridge
Known for
Awards
Scientific career
FieldsBiochemistry
Institutions
ThesisThe amino acid sequence of tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase from Bacillus stearothermophilus (1977)
Doctoral advisor
Websitewww.trin.cam.ac.uk/master-trinity

Sir Gregory Paul Winter CBE FRS FMedSci (born 14 April 1951) is a British biochemist, a pioneer of therapeutic monoclonal antibodies. He invented techniques to both humanise (1986) and, later, to fully humanise using phage display, antibodies for therapeutic uses.[4] Previously, antibodies had been derived from mice, which made them difficult to use in human therapeutics because the human immune system had anti-mouse reactions to them.[3][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]

He is a Fellow of Trinity College, Cambridge and was installed as the Master of Trinity on 2 October 2012.[16] He was previously Deputy Director of the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Medical Research Council, and Head of the Division of Protein and Nucleic Acids Chemistry.[17]

Education

Winter was educated at the Royal Grammar School, Newcastle.[3] He went on to study Natural Sciences at the University of Cambridge graduating from Trinity College, Cambridge in 1973. He was awarded a PhD for research on the amino acid sequence of tryptophanyl tRNA synthetase from the bacterium Bacillus stearothermophilus in 1977.

Career

Following his PhD, Winter completed postdoctoral research at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Cambridge.[18]

Winter founded Cambridge Antibody Technology in 1989, and Bicycle Therapeutics.[19][20] He is on the Scientific Advisory Board of Covagen.[21][22]

In 1989, Winter was a founder of Cambridge Antibody Technology, one of the early commercial biotech companies involved in antibody engineering. One of the most successful antibody drugs developed was HUMIRA (adalimumab), which was discovered by Cambridge Antibody Technology as D2E7, and developed and marketed by Abbott Laboratories. HUMIRA, an antibody to TNF alpha, was the world's first fully human antibody,[23] which achieved annual sales exceeding $1bn[24]- see Pharmaceutical drug#Other/related topics. Cambridge Antibody Technology was acquired by Astrazeneca in 2006 for £702m.[25]

In 2000, Winter founded a company called Domantis to pioneer the use of domain antibodies, which use only the active portion of a full-sized antibody. Domantis was acquired by the pharmaceutical GlaxoSmithKline in December 2006 for £230 million.[26]

Winter subsequently founded another company, Bicycle Therapeutics Limited as a start up company which is developing very small protein mimics based on a covalently bonded hydrophobic core.[27]

Awards and honours

Winter was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society (FRS) in 1990[1] and awarded the Royal Medal by the society in 2011 "for his pioneering work in protein engineering and therapeutic monoclonal antibodies, and his contributions as an inventor and entrepreneur".[28] He was given the Scheele Award in 1994. In 1995, Winter won several international awards including the King Faisal International Prize for Medicine (Molecular Immunology) and in 1999, the Cancer Research Institute William B. Coley Award. Winter was formerly the Joint Head of the Division of Protein and Nucleic Acid Chemistry-Biotechnology, and is Deputy Director,[29] at the Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, an institution funded by the UK Medical Research Council. He was also Deputy Director of the MRC’s Centre for Protein Engineering until its absorption into the Laboratory of Molecular Biology. He is a member of the Advisory Council for the Campaign for Science and Engineering.[30] Winter was appointed CBE in 1997 and Knight Bachelor in 2004. He is currently Master of Trinity.[31][32]

References

  1. ^ a b "Sir Gregory Winter CBE FMedSci FRS". London: Royal Society. Archived from the original on 2015-11-17.
  2. ^ "Greg Winter, PhD". academictree.org. Archived from the original on 2015-12-30.
  3. ^ a b c WINTER. "WINTER, Sir Gregory (Paul)". Who's Who. Vol. 2016 (online Oxford University Press ed.). A & C Black. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Unknown parameter |othernames= ignored (help) (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) (subscription required)
  4. ^ McCafferty, J.; Griffiths, A.; Winter, G.; Chiswell, D. (1990). "Phage antibodies: filamentous phage displaying antibody variable domains". Nature. 348 (6301): 552–554. Bibcode:1990Natur.348..552M. doi:10.1038/348552a0. PMID 2247164.
  5. ^ Anon (2011). "The inventor of humanized monoclonal antibodies and cofounder of Cambridge Antibody Technology, Greg Winter, muses on the future of antibody therapeutics and UK life science innovation". Nature Biotechnology. 29 (3): 190. doi:10.1038/nbt.1815. PMID 21390009.
  6. ^ Winter, G.; Fields, S.; Brownlee, G. G. (1981). "Nucleotide sequence of the haemagglutinin gene of a human influenza virus H1 subtype". Nature. 292 (5818): 72. doi:10.1038/292072a0. PMID 7278968.
  7. ^ Fields, S.; Winter, G.; Brownlee, G. G. (1981). "Structure of the neuraminidase gene in human influenza virus A/PR/8/34". Nature. 290 (5803): 213. doi:10.1038/290213a0. PMID 7010182.
  8. ^ Riechmann, L.; Clark, M.; Waldmann, H.; Winter, G. (1988). "Reshaping human antibodies for therapy". Nature. 332 (6162): 323–7. doi:10.1038/332323a0. PMID 3127726.
  9. ^ Marks, J. D.; Hoogenboom, H. R.; Bonnert, T. P.; McCafferty, J.; Griffiths, A. D.; Winter, G. (1991). "By-passing immunization". Journal of Molecular Biology. 222 (3): 581–97. doi:10.1016/0022-2836(91)90498-U. PMID 1748994.
  10. ^ The Scientific Founders of Bicycle Therapeutics Ltd. – Christian Heinis and Sir Greg Winter, FRS.
  11. ^ www.trin.cam.ac.uk
  12. ^ Gregory Winter's publications indexed by the Scopus bibliographic database. (subscription required)
  13. ^ Winter, G; Griffiths, A. D.; Hawkins, R. E.; Hoogenboom, H. R. (1994). "Making antibodies by phage display technology". Annual Review of Immunology. 12: 433–55. doi:10.1146/annurev.iy.12.040194.002245. PMID 8011287.
  14. ^ Griffiths, A. D.; Williams, S. C.; Hartley, O; Tomlinson, I. M.; Waterhouse, P; Crosby, W. L.; Kontermann, R. E.; Jones, P. T.; Low, N. M.; Allison, T. J. (1994). "Isolation of high affinity human antibodies directly from large synthetic repertoires". The EMBO journal. 13 (14): 3245–60. PMC 395221. PMID 8045255.
  15. ^ Hoogenboom, H. R.; Griffiths, A. D.; Johnson, K. S.; Chiswell, D. J.; Hudson, P; Winter, G (1991). "Multi-subunit proteins on the surface of filamentous phage: Methodologies for displaying antibody (Fab) heavy and light chains". Nucleic acids research. 19 (15): 4133–7. doi:10.1093/nar/19.15.4133. PMC 328552. PMID 1908075.
  16. ^ http://www.takedasf.com/corporate/winter.htm[dead link‍]
  17. ^ http://www.f-star.com/scientific_advisors/3/sir-gregory-winter-chairman Archived 2012-01-29 at the Wayback Machine
  18. ^ "Scientific Advisory Board". Heptares. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
  19. ^ Gregory Winter CBE, FRS, FMedSci, HonFRCP (2001-05-08). "Gregory Winter: Executive Profile & Biography - Businessweek". Investing.businessweek.com. Retrieved 2013-04-05.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  20. ^ "www.bicycletherapeutics.com". www.bicycletherapeutics.com. 2012-12-10. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
  21. ^ "Covagen AG | September 2011: Sir Gregory Winter joins Covagen's Scientific Advisory Board". Covagen.com. 2011-09-20. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
  22. ^ "Covagen AG | Scientific Advisory Board". Covagen.com. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
  23. ^ Lawrence, S. (2007). "Billion dollar babies—biotech drugs as blockbusters". Nature Biotechnology. 25 (4): 380–2. doi:10.1038/nbt0407-380. PMID 17420735.
  24. ^ http://telegraph.uk-wire.com/cgi-bin/articles/200601251501444434X.html
  25. ^ http://www.astrazeneca.com/media/latest-press-releases/2006/5266?itemId=3891617 Archived 2010-01-02 at the Wayback Machine
  26. ^ GSK is to buy Domantis - a company based on discoveries by MRC scientists MRC Website
  27. ^ Heinis, C., Rutherford, T., Freund, S., & Winter, G. (2009). Phage-encoded combinatorial chemical libraries based on bicyclic peptides. Nat Chem Biol, 5(7), 502–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nchembio.184
  28. ^ "Royal Society announces 2011 Copley Medal recipient". Royal Society. Retrieved 2012-02-23.
  29. ^ LMB Structure Archived 2008-02-23 at the Wayback Machine
  30. ^ "Advisory Council of the Campaign for Science and Engineering". Retrieved 2011-02-11.
  31. ^ "Sir Gregory Winter CBE FRS appointed Master of Trinity College, Cambridge University". Number10.gov.uk. 2011-12-16. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
  32. ^ "Master of Trinity College, Cambridge - News &amp' events - University of Cambridge". News.admin.cam.ac.uk. Retrieved 2013-04-05.
Academic offices
Preceded by Master of Trinity College, University of Cambridge
2012–present 		Incumbent

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