Summer capital: Difference between revisions
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===China=== |
===China=== |
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Shangdu ([[Xanadu, China|Xanadu]]) was an "Upper Capital" during Kublai Khan's reign in the 13th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinatravelz.com/china/Inner-Mongolia/Xilinhot/yuanshangdu/index.asp |title=Shangdu (Upper Capital) the capital of the Yuan Dynasty |publisher=Chinatravelz.com |date= |accessdate=2013-01-03 |
Shangdu ([[Xanadu, China|Xanadu]]) was an "Upper Capital" during Kublai Khan's reign in the 13th century.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.chinatravelz.com/china/Inner-Mongolia/Xilinhot/yuanshangdu/index.asp |title=Shangdu (Upper Capital) the capital of the Yuan Dynasty |publisher=Chinatravelz.com |date= |accessdate=2013-01-03 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/20121104183734/http://www.chinatravelz.com:80/china/Inner-Mongolia/Xilinhot/yuanshangdu/index.asp |archivedate=November 4, 2012 }}</ref> |
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===Lithuania=== |
===Lithuania=== |
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Revision as of 05:42, 12 January 2016
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (January 2013) |
A summer capital is a city used as an administrative capital during extended periods of particularly hot summer weather. The term is mostly of relevance in a historical context as political systems with ruling classes that would migrate to a summer capital, making them less prevalent in modern times.[citation needed] The ubiquity of air-conditioning systems also reduces the imperative to periodically relocate to summer capitals.
Summer capitals around the world
China
Shangdu (Xanadu) was an "Upper Capital" during Kublai Khan's reign in the 13th century.[1]
Lithuania
Palanga is usually named as the summer capital of Lithuania.[citation needed]
Estonia
Pärnu is the fifth largest town of Estonia (third among ethnic Estonians) and is a popular summer resort.[citation needed] Although the town is left in the background for most of the year, much of Estonian life centers around Pärnu during vacation season. Since 1996 Pärnu has been known as Estonia's Summer capital.
India
In India, the government of the British Raj was annually transferred to Shimla during the summer months. This practice was stopped due to the difficulty of transporting officialdom, and the negative perceptions of the public about politicians and public servants making such a move. Srinagar is the summer capital of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.
Philippines
The hill station of Baguio in the northern mountains of Luzon was selected as the summer capital of the Philippines during the American Occupation in the early 20th century. Its cool climate was a preferred alternative to the sweltering, humid summers in the de facto capital, Manila. While the present sovereign government has long stopped transferring there en masse, the Supreme Court of the Philippines still maintains its "Summer Sessions" in the city, and it remains a popular holiday spot especially around Christmas season, when temperatures are considerably lower than in the rest of the archipelago.[citation needed]
Russia
Following Russia's loss of the traditionally popular resorts of the Crimean Peninsula (transferred away from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR in 1954 by Nikita Khrushchev), Sochi emerged as the unofficial summer capital of the country.[2] Additionally, Sochi has also served as the location for the signing of many treaties, especially those between the Georgian, separatist Abkhazian, and separatist South Ossetian governing authorities.
Saudi Arabia
The Saudi royal family relocates to the mountainous city of Taif, near Mecca, which is far cooler in the summer months than the official capital of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh.
Spain
The location of San Sebastián in the cooler, northern part of Spain close to the French border ideally placed it as a summer capital alternative to Madrid.[citation needed]
See also
Notes
- ^ "Shangdu (Upper Capital) the capital of the Yuan Dynasty". Chinatravelz.com. Archived from the original on November 4, 2012. Retrieved 2013-01-03.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ "Sochi Olympics a 'monstrous scam' - Russian opposition". BBC News. Retrieved 30 May 2013.