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{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
|Ship image=[[File:Akademik Shokalskiy (Schiff).JPG|300px|alt=M/V Akademik Shokalskiy]]
|Ship image=[[File:Akademik Shokalskiy (Schiff).JPG|300px|alt=M/V Akademik Shokalskiy]]
|Ship caption=The ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' moored in [[Ushuaia]]
|Ship caption=''Akademik Shokalskiy'' moored in [[Ushuaia]]
}}
}}
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
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|Ship name=''Akademik Shokalskiy''
|Ship name=''Akademik Shokalskiy''
|Ship owner=[[Russian Federation]] (Far Eastern Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Vladivostok)<ref name="RS">{{csr|register=RS|id=810141|shipname=Akademik Shokalskiy|accessdate=2014-01-11}}</ref><ref name=IBT>{{cite news|last=Sreeja|first=VN|title=3 Rescue Ships To Reach MV Akademik Shokalskiy|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/3-rescue-ships-reach-mv-akademik-shokalskiy-russian-tourist-research-ship-trapped-antarctic-ice|accessdate=29 December 2013|newspaper=International Business Times (US Ed)|date=26 December 2013}}</ref>
|Ship owner=[[Russian Federation]] (Far Eastern Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Vladivostok)<ref name="RS">{{csr|register=RS|id=810141|shipname=Akademik Shokalskiy|accessdate=2014-01-11}}</ref><ref name=IBT>{{cite news|last=Sreeja|first=VN|title=3 Rescue Ships To Reach MV Akademik Shokalskiy|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/3-rescue-ships-reach-mv-akademik-shokalskiy-russian-tourist-research-ship-trapped-antarctic-ice|accessdate=29 December 2013|newspaper=International Business Times (US Ed)|date=26 December 2013}}</ref>
|Ship operator=2011-2012: Aurora Expeditions, Sydney, Australia<ref>{{cite web|title=Aurora Expeditions launches their brand new Russian Coast 2011 voyages|url=http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/news/aurora-expeditions-launches-their-brand-new-russian-coast-2011-voyages|publisher=Aurora Expeditions|accessdate=30 December 2013|date=13 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Aurora Expeditions reaches Commonwealth Bay|url=http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/news/aurora-expeditions-reaches-commonwealth-bay-100-years-after-sir-douglas-maw|publisher=Aurora Expeditions|accessdate=30 December 2013|date=January 2012}}</ref> {{br}}2013-2014: Australasian Antarctic Expedition<ref name=NCA>{{cite news|title=Chopper rescue for Russian ship MV Akademik Shokalskiy|url=http://www.news.com.au/national/aurora-australis-is-forced-to-abandon-bit-to-rescue-stricken-russian-ship-mv-akademik-shokalskiy-from-ice/story-fncynjr2-1226791671102|accessdate=30 December 2013|newspaper=news.com.au|date=31 December 2013 <!--(AUS)-->}}</ref>
|Ship operator=2011-2012: Aurora Expeditions, Sydney, Australia<ref>{{cite web|title=Aurora Expeditions launches their brand new Russian Coast 2011 voyages|url=http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/news/aurora-expeditions-launches-their-brand-new-russian-coast-2011-voyages|publisher=Aurora Expeditions|accessdate=30 December 2013|date=13 August 2010}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Aurora Expeditions reaches Commonwealth Bay|url=http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/news/aurora-expeditions-reaches-commonwealth-bay-100-years-after-sir-douglas-maw|publisher=Aurora Expeditions|accessdate=30 December 2013|date=January 2012}}</ref> {{br}}2013-2014: Australasian Antarctic Expedition<ref name=NCA>{{cite news|title=Chopper rescue for Russian ship MV Akademik Shokalskiy|url=http://www.news.com.au/national/aurora-australis-is-forced-to-abandon-bit-to-rescue-stricken-russian-ship-mv-akademik-shokalskiy-from-ice/story-fncynjr2-1226791671102|accessdate=30 December 2013|newspaper=news.com.au|date=31 December 2013 <!--(AUS)-->}}</ref>
|Ship registry=1982–1992: [[Vladivostok]] [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|20px]] {{br}} 1992–2013: [[Vladivostok]] [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|20px]]
|Ship registry=1982–1992: [[Vladivostok]] [[File:Flag of the Soviet Union.svg|20px]] {{br}} 1992–2013: [[Vladivostok]] [[File:Flag of Russia.svg|20px]]
|Ship route=
|Ship route=
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|Hide header=
|Hide header=
|Header caption=
|Header caption=
|Ship class=[[Akademik Shuleykin class oceanographic research vessel|''Akademik Shuleykin''-class]] research vessel,<ref name=Oceans87/> now ''[[Polar Pioneer]]''-class [[cruise ship]]<ref name="RS" />
|Ship class=[[Akademik Shuleykin-class oceanographic research vessel|''Akademik Shuleykin''-class]] research vessel,<ref name=Oceans87/> now ''[[Polar Pioneer]]''-class [[cruise ship]]<ref name="RS" />
|Ship type=
|Ship type=
|Ship tonnage={{GT|1,764}}{{br}}{{NetT|529}}{{br}}{{DWT|620}}<ref name="RS" />
|Ship tonnage={{GT|1,764}}{{br}}{{NetT|529}}{{br}}{{DWT|620}}<ref name="RS" />
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|Ship sail plan=
|Ship sail plan=
|Ship power=Two 6ChRN 36/45 [[diesel engine]]s (2{{nbsp}}&times;{{nbsp}}1,147{{nbsp}}kW)<ref name="RS" />
|Ship power=Two 6ChRN 36/45 [[diesel engine]]s (2{{nbsp}}&times;{{nbsp}}1,147{{nbsp}}kW)<ref name="RS" />
|Ship propulsion=Single shaft; [[controllable-pitch propeller]]<ref name="RS" />
|Ship propulsion=Single shaft; [[controllable-pitch propeller]]<ref name="RS" />
|Ship speed={{convert|14|kn}}<ref name="RS" />
|Ship speed={{convert|14|kn}}<ref name="RS" />
|Ship capacity=54 passengers<ref name=Aurora>{{cite web|url=http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/ships/akademik-shokalskiy|title=''Akademik Shokalskiy''|year=2011|publisher=Aurora Expeditions|accessdate=25 April 2011}}</ref>
|Ship capacity=54 passengers<ref name=Aurora>{{cite web|url=http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/ships/akademik-shokalskiy|title=''Akademik Shokalskiy''|year=2011|publisher=Aurora Expeditions|accessdate=25 April 2011}}</ref>
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⚫
'''MV ''Akademik Shokalskiy''''' ({{lang-ru|Академик Шокальский}}) is an [[Akademik Shuleykin-class oceanographic research vessel|''Akademik Shuleykin''-class]] [[Ice class|ice-strengthened]] ship, built in [[Finland]] in 1982 and originally used for [[oceanography|oceanographic]] research.<ref name=ODT>{{cite news|first=Doug|last=Wright|title=Ex-navy vessel in new role|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/news/business/138296/ex-navy-vessel-new-role|newspaper=Otago Daily Times|date=29 November 2010|accessdate=25 April 2011}}</ref> In 1998 she was fully refurbished to serve as a [[research ship]] for Arctic and Antarctic work; she is used also for expedition cruising.<ref name=Aurora/> She is named after the [[Russia]]n oceanographer [[Yuly Shokalsky]].<ref name=Introducing>{{cite news|title=Introducing ''Akademik Shokalskiy''|newspaper=The Expeditioner|date=August 2010|publisher=Aurora Expeditions|url=http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/files/uploads/expeditioner/expeditioner_aug2010.pdf|format=PDF|page=2|accessdate=25 April 2011}}</ref>


⚫
For two weeks from 25 December 2013 ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' was trapped in thick ice in [[Commonwealth Bay]], Antarctica, while operating an expedition for the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014. The scientists and passengers were evacuated on 2 January.
⚫
'''MV ''Akademik Shokalskiy''''' ({{lang-ru|Академик Шокальский}}) is an [[Akademik Shuleykin class oceanographic research vessel|''Akademik Shuleykin''-class]] [[Ice class|ice-strengthened]] ship, built in [[Finland]] in 1982 and originally used for [[oceanography|oceanographic]] research.<ref name=ODT>{{cite news|first=Doug|last=Wright|title=Ex-navy vessel in new role|url=http://www.odt.co.nz/news/business/138296/ex-navy-vessel-new-role|newspaper=Otago Daily Times|date=29 November 2010|accessdate=25 April 2011}}</ref> In 1998 she was fully refurbished to serve as a [[research ship]] for Arctic and Antarctic work; she is used also for expedition cruising.<ref name=Aurora/> She is named after the [[Russia]]n oceanographer [[Yuly Shokalsky]].<ref name=Introducing>{{cite news|title=Introducing ''Akademik Shokalskiy''|newspaper=The Expeditioner|date=August 2010|publisher=Aurora Expeditions|url=http://www.auroraexpeditions.com.au/files/uploads/expeditioner/expeditioner_aug2010.pdf|format=PDF|page=2|accessdate=25 April 2011}}</ref>

⚫
For two weeks from 25 December 2013 ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' was trapped in thick ice in [[Commonwealth Bay]], Antarctica, while operating an expedition for the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014. The scientists and passengers were evacuated on 2 January.<ref name=AMSA2>{{cite web|title=Antarctic rescue operations complete|url=http://www.amsa.gov.au/media/|publisher=Australian Maritime Safety Authority|accessdate=13 January 2014|date=8 January 2014}}</ref>


== Use as cruise ship ==
== Use as cruise ship ==
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==Icebound in Antarctica==
==Icebound in Antarctica==
In 2013 ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' was chartered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014 to celebrate the centenary of the [[Australasian Antarctic Expedition|previous expedition]] under [[Douglas Mawson]], and to repeat his scientific observations.<ref name="Spirit of Mawson">{{cite web|title=Spirit of Mawson|url=http://www.spiritofmawson.com/|publisher=Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014|accessdate=30 December 2013}}</ref> The expedition had nine scientific goals related to observations, mapping, and measurements of environmental, biological, and marine changes associated with [[climate change]].<ref name="Spirit of Mawson"/> On 8 December 2013 the ship, with 74 people on board&nbsp;— four journalists, 19 scientists, 26 tourists, the expedition leader's wife and two children, and 22 crew members&nbsp;— sailed from [[Bluff, New Zealand|Bluff]] in [[New Zealand]] to [[Antarctica]].<ref name=AMSA>{{cite web|title=Antarctic Rescue|url=http://www.amsa.gov.au/media/media-releases/2013/index.asp|publisher=Australian Maritime Safety Authority|accessdate=13 January 2014|date=30 December 2013}}</ref><ref name=Telegraph>{{cite news|last=Pearlman|first=Jonathan|title=Antarctica ship passengers prepare ice helipad after latest rescue bid fails|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/antarctica/10542223/Antarctica-ship-passengers-prepare-ice-helipad-after-latest-rescue-bid-fails.html|accessdate=30 December 2013|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=30 December 2014|location=London}}</ref> Around 0720h [[Time in Australia|AEDT]] on 25 December 2013, the ship broadcast a distress message after becoming trapped in heavy ice a few miles from the coast of Antarctica, {{convert|100|nmi}} east of the French [[Dumont d'Urville Station|base Dumont D’Urville]] and approximately {{convert|1500|nmi}} south of [[Hobart]].<ref name=AMSA/> Chinese icebreaking research vessel ''[[MV Xue Long|Xuě Lóng]]'', French research vessel [[L'Astrolabe (icebreaker)|''L'Astrolabe'']] and Australian icebreaker ''[[Aurora Australis (icebreaker)|Aurora Australis]]'' were dispatched by the [[Australian Maritime Safety Authority]] to assist with the rescue operation of ''Akademik Shokalskiy''.<ref name=AMSA/>
In 2013 ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' was chartered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014 to celebrate the centenary of the [[Australasian Antarctic Expedition|previous expedition]] under [[Douglas Mawson]], and to repeat his scientific observations.<ref name="Spirit of Mawson">{{cite web|title=Spirit of Mawson|url=http://www.spiritofmawson.com/|publisher=Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014|accessdate=30 December 2013}}</ref> The expedition had nine scientific goals related to observations, mapping, and measurements of environmental, biological, and marine changes associated with [[climate change]].<ref name="Spirit of Mawson"/> On 8 December 2013 the ship, with 74 people on board&nbsp;— four journalists, 19 scientists, 26 tourists, the expedition leader's wife and two children, and 22 crew members&nbsp;— sailed from [[Bluff, New Zealand|Bluff]] in [[New Zealand]] to [[Antarctica]].<ref name=AMSA>{{cite web|title=Antarctic Rescue|url=http://www.amsa.gov.au/media/media-releases/2013/index.asp|publisher=Australian Maritime Safety Authority|accessdate=13 January 2014|date=30 December 2013}}{{Better source|date=January 2015|reason=This is an archive of press releases, a more specific cite pointing to the actual press release is needed}}</ref><ref name=Telegraph>{{cite news|last=Pearlman|first=Jonathan|title=Antarctica ship passengers prepare ice helipad after latest rescue bid fails|url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/antarctica/10542223/Antarctica-ship-passengers-prepare-ice-helipad-after-latest-rescue-bid-fails.html|accessdate=30 December 2013|newspaper=The Telegraph|date=30 December 2014|location=London}}</ref> Around 07:20 [[Time in Australia|AEDT]] on 25 December 2013, the ship broadcast a distress message after becoming trapped in heavy ice a few miles from the coast of Antarctica, {{convert|100|nmi}} east of the French [[Dumont d'Urville Station|base Dumont D'Urville]] and approximately {{convert|1500|nmi}} south of [[Hobart]].<ref name=AMSA/> Chinese icebreaking research vessel ''[[MV Xue Long|Xuě Lóng]]'', French research vessel [[L'Astrolabe (icebreaker)|''L'Astrolabe'']] and Australian icebreaker ''[[Aurora Australis (icebreaker)|Aurora Australis]]'' were dispatched by the [[Australian Maritime Safety Authority]] to assist with the rescue operation of ''Akademik Shokalskiy''.<ref name=AMSA/>


''Xuě Lóng'', which arrived first, was prevented by thick sea ice from coming closer than about {{convert|6|nmi}} from ''Akademik Shokalskiy''. However it remained in open water nearby as it comes equipped with an on-board helicopter which ultimately was deployed later for the rescue operation.<ref name=CNN-2013-12-28>{{cite web | url=http://us.cnn.com/2013/12/28/world/antarctica-ship-stuck/index.html?hpt=wo_c1 | title=Icebreaker trying to reach trapped ship in Antarctica stalled by ice | publisher=CNN | accessdate=28 December 2013}}</ref> ''L'Astrolabe'' also turned back after encountering heavy ice.<ref name=CNN-2013-12-28/> ''Aurora Australis'', arriving 2 days later, abandoned its attempt about {{convert|10|nmi}} from the stranded ship, as the ice was too thick to be broken and because of the risk of also becoming trapped in the ice.<ref>[http://www.smh.com.au/travel/travel-news/aurora-australis-abandons-attempt-to-save-akademik-shokalskiy-in-antarctica-20131230-302na.html Aurora Australis abandons attempt to save Akademik Shokalskiy in Antarctica - Sydney Morning Herald (retrieved 2013-12-30)]</ref>
''Xuě Lóng'', which arrived first, was prevented by thick sea ice from coming closer than about {{convert|6|nmi}} from ''Akademik Shokalskiy''. However it remained in open water nearby as it carried a helicopter, which ultimately was deployed later for the rescue operation.<ref name=CNN-2013-12-28>{{cite news |url=http://us.cnn.com/2013/12/28/world/antarctica-ship-stuck/index.html?hpt=wo_c1 |title=Chinese icebreaker turns back from Antarctic rescue mission |last1=Martinez |first1=Michael |last2=Yan |first2=Holly |last3=Yan |first3=Cy |date=28 December 2013 |publisher=CNN |accessdate=15 January 2016}}</ref> ''L'Astrolabe'' also turned back after encountering heavy ice.<ref name=CNN-2013-12-28/> ''Aurora Australis'', arriving two days later, abandoned its attempt about {{convert|10|nmi}}{{citation needed|date=January 2016|reason=Distance not in cited source}} from the stranded ship, as the ice was too thick to be broken and because of the risk of also becoming trapped in the ice.<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.traveller.com.au/aurora-australis-abandons-attempt-to-save-akademik-shokalskiy-in-antarctica-302na |title=Aurora Australis abandons attempt to save Akademik Shokalskiy in Antarctica |last=Phillips |first=Nicky |work=Traveller |publisher=Fairfax Media |date=30 December 2013 |accessdate=15 January 2016}}</ref>


On 2 January 2014, the ''Akademik Shokalskiy''{{'}}s passengers were evacuated to ''Aurora Australis'' by ''Xuě Lóng''{{'}}s helicopter, which transferred them between temporary ice helipads alongside each vessel, the boat transfer having been cancelled due to excess ice around ''Xuě Lóng''. Left aboard ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' were 22 crew members to attempt to free the boat when winds clear the ice, or when a Russian heavy icebreaker arrives to clear a path. They have enough food and supplies to last through the season, following the offloading of their passengers. The rescued people are expected back at Hobart [[Tasmania]], Australia, in mid-January, after ''Aurora Australis'' completes her scheduled supply mission to [[Casey Station]] which was interrupted by the rescue mission.<ref>{{cite news|last=Phillips|first=Nicky|title=Akademik Shokalskiy rescue: tears of joy as passengers come in from the cold|url=http://www.smh.com.au/travel/akademik-shokalskiy-rescue-tears-of-joy-as-passengers-come-in-from-the-cold-20140102-307y6.html|accessdate=5 January 2014|newspaper=Sydney Morning Herald|date=2 January 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=none|work= American Morning |date= 2014-01-02 <!--@ circa 9h20 EST--> |publisher= CNN TV }}</ref>
On 2 January 2014, ''Akademik Shokalskiy''{{'}}s 52 passengers were evacuated to ''Aurora Australis'' by ''Xuě Lóng''{{'}}s helicopter, which transferred them between temporary ice helipads alongside each vessel.<ref name=Phillips2>{{cite news |url=http://www.traveller.com.au/akademik-shokalskiy-rescue-tears-of-joy-as-passengers-come-in-from-the-cold-307y6 |title=Akademik Shokalskiy rescue: tears of joy as passengers come in from the cold |last=Phillips |first=Nicky |work=Traveller |publisher=Fairfax Media |date=3 January 2014 |accessdate=15 January 2016}}</ref> The original plan was to helicopter the passengers to ''Xuě Lóng'', then transfer them to ''Aurora Australis'' by boat, but the Chinese icebreaker had become trapped by ice.<ref name=Phillips2/> After the rescue, ''Aurora Australis'' continued on her original mission to resupply [[Casey Station]], before returning to Hobart on 22 January.<ref>{{cite news |author=Australian Associated Press |date=16 January 2016 |url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/01/15/australian-icebreaker-heading-home |title=Australian icebreaker heading home |publisher=SBS |accessdate=15 January 2016}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |author=Australian Associated Press |url=http://www.sbs.com.au/news/article/2014/01/22/antarctic-cruise-routes-face-scrutiny?cid=cxenseab_a |title=Antarctic cruise routes face scrutiny |publisher=SBS |date=22 January 2014 |accessdate=15 January 2016}}</ref> The 22 ''Akadamik Shokalskiy'' crew were required by their employment contracts to stay aboard until the ship could be freed.<ref>{{cite web |last=Dell'Amore |first=Christine |url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2014/01/140102-antarctica-ship-trapped-ice-rescue-akademik-shokalskiy-world-science/ |title=Antarctic Ship Rescue: 5 Lessons From the Trapped-Vessel Drama |date=4 January 2014 |work=National Geographic |accessdate=15 January 2016}}</ref>


On 4 January 2014, the American heavy icebreaker ''[[USCGC Polar Star (WAGB-10)|Polar Star]]'' was dispatched from [[Sydney]], Australia to assist ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' and ''Xuě Lóng'' at the request of Australian authorities.<ref>{{cite news|work= Yahoo News |date= 2014-01-05 <!--circa 3h45 UTC --> |title= US icebreaker heads to Antarctic to help stuck ships |url= http://news.yahoo.com/us-icebreaker-heads-antarctic-help-stuck-ships-210419227.html}}</ref> However, on 8 January the Australian Maritime Safety Authority confirmed that both vessels had broken free and were proceeding to open water, and later the same day ''Polar Star'' was released to scheduled duties.<ref name=AMSA2/> On 14 January ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' returned to the port of Bluff.<ref>{{cite news|title=Akademik Shokalskiy arrives in Bluff|url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/southland-times/news/9607412/Akademik-Shokalskiy-arrives-in-Bluff|accessdate=13 January 2014|newspaper=The Southland Times|date=14 January 2014}}</ref>
On 4 January 2014, the American heavy icebreaker ''[[USCGC Polar Star (WAGB-10)|Polar Star]]'' was dispatched from Sydney, Australia to assist ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' and ''Xuě Lóng'' at the request of Australian authorities.<ref>{{cite news |work=Yahoo News |date=4 January 2014 |title=US icebreaker heads to Antarctic to help stuck ships |url=http://news.yahoo.com/us-icebreaker-heads-antarctic-help-stuck-ships-210419227.html |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140108051226/http://news.yahoo.com/us-icebreaker-heads-antarctic-help-stuck-ships-210419227.html |archivedate=8 January 2014 |accessdate=15 January 2016}}</ref> However, on 8 January the Australian Maritime Safety Authority confirmed that both vessels had broken free and were proceeding to open water, and later the same day ''Polar Star'' was released to scheduled duties.<ref name=AMSA2>{{cite web|title=Antarctic rescue operations complete|url=http://www.amsa.gov.au/media/documents/080114_Rescueoperationscomplete.pdf|publisher=Australian Maritime Safety Authority|accessdate=15 January 2016|date=8 January 2014}}</ref> On 14 January ''Akademik Shokalskiy'' returned to the port of Bluff.<ref>{{cite news |title=Akademik Shokalskiy arrives in Bluff |url=http://www.stuff.co.nz/southland-times/news/9607412/Akademik-Shokalskiy-arrives-in-Bluff |accessdate=15 January 2016 |newspaper=The Southland Times |date=14 January 2014}}</ref>


Environmental writer [[Andrew Revkin]] criticized the scientists on board ''Akademik Shokalskiy'', stating that "important and costly field research in Antarctica has been seriously disrupted" by an "unessential" mission.<ref>{{cite news|last=Revkin|first=Andrew|title=Rescue Efforts for Trapped Antarctic Voyage Disrupt Serious Science|url=http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/12/31/rescue-effort-for-trapped-antarctic-voyage-disrupts-serious-science/|accessdate=5 January 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=31 December 2013}}</ref> He also commended an article by Professor Michael Robinson of [[University of Hartford]], which noted that the expedition aimed to use Mawson's observations as a baseline for their own scientific findings "that will illuminate Antarctica's future, not its past. As such, the voyage will prove to be well worth the time and effort."<ref>{{cite news|last=Robinson|first=Michael|title=Ship Stuck in Antarctica Raises Questions About Worth of Reenacting Expeditions|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/12/131230-antarctica-ship-ice-rescue-expedition-reenactment-opinions-mawson/?now=2013-12-30-00:01|accessdate=5 January 2014|newspaper=[[National Geographic (magazine)|National Geographic Daily News]]|date=30 December 2013}}</ref>
Environmental writer [[Andrew Revkin]] criticized the scientists on board ''Akademik Shokalskiy'', stating that "important and costly field research in Antarctica has been seriously disrupted" by an "unessential" mission.<ref>{{cite news|last=Revkin|first=Andrew|title=Rescue Efforts for Trapped Antarctic Voyage Disrupt Serious Science|url=http://dotearth.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/12/31/rescue-effort-for-trapped-antarctic-voyage-disrupts-serious-science/|accessdate=5 January 2014|newspaper=The New York Times|date=31 December 2013}}</ref> He also commended an article by Professor Michael Robinson of [[University of Hartford]], which noted that the expedition aimed to use Mawson's observations as a baseline for their own scientific findings "that will illuminate Antarctica's future, not its past. As such, the voyage will prove to be well worth the time and effort."<ref>{{cite news|last=Robinson|first=Michael|title=Ship Stuck in Antarctica Raises Questions About Worth of Reenacting Expeditions|url=http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2013/12/131230-antarctica-ship-ice-rescue-expedition-reenactment-opinions-mawson/?now=2013-12-30-00:01|accessdate=5 January 2014|newspaper=[[National Geographic (magazine)|National Geographic Daily News]]|date=30 December 2013}}</ref>

Revision as of 13:03, 15 January 2016

M/V Akademik Shokalskiy
Akademik Shokalskiy moored in Ushuaia
History
NameAkademik Shokalskiy
OwnerRussian Federation (Far Eastern Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Vladivostok)[1][2]
Operatorlist error: <br /> list (help)
2011-2012: Aurora Expeditions, Sydney, Australia[3][4]
2013-2014: Australasian Antarctic Expedition[5]
Port of registrylist error: <br /> list (help)
1982–1992: Vladivostok
1992–2013: Vladivostok
BuilderOy Laivateollisuus Ab, Turku, Finland[6]
Yard number343[1]
Identificationlist error: <br /> list (help)
Call sign: UBNF
IMO number: 8010336
MMSI number: 273458210
StatusIn service
General characteristics
Class and typeAkademik Shuleykin-class research vessel,[6] now Polar Pioneer-class cruise ship[1]
Tonnagelist error: <br /> list (help)
1,764 GT
529 NT
620 DWT[1]
Displacement2,140 tonnes[1]
Length71.06 m (233 ft 2 in)[1]
Beam12.82 m (42 ft 1 in)[1]
Draught4.50 m (14 ft 9 in)[1]
Ice classRMRS UL
Installed powerTwo 6ChRN 36/45 diesel engines (2 × 1,147 kW)[1]
PropulsionSingle shaft; controllable-pitch propeller[1]
Speed14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph)[1]
Capacity54 passengers[8]
Crew30[7]

MV Akademik Shokalskiy (Russian: Академик Шокальский) is an Akademik Shuleykin-class ice-strengthened ship, built in Finland in 1982 and originally used for oceanographic research.[9] In 1998 she was fully refurbished to serve as a research ship for Arctic and Antarctic work; she is used also for expedition cruising.[8] She is named after the Russian oceanographer Yuly Shokalsky.[10]

For two weeks from 25 December 2013 Akademik Shokalskiy was trapped in thick ice in Commonwealth Bay, Antarctica, while operating an expedition for the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014. The scientists and passengers were evacuated on 2 January.

Use as cruise ship

The ship has two passenger decks, with dining rooms, a bar, a library, and a sauna, and accommodates 54 passengers.[8][11] She is owned by the Russian Federation's Far Eastern Hydrometeorological Research Institute, Vladivostok and was previously chartered to Aurora Expeditions, an Australian expedition cruise line.[2][8] In 2011, Akademik Shokalskiy sailed cruises along the coast of Russia, including the Northeast Passage, and to East Antarctica.[12][13]

Icebound in Antarctica

In 2013 Akademik Shokalskiy was chartered by the Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014 to celebrate the centenary of the previous expedition under Douglas Mawson, and to repeat his scientific observations.[14] The expedition had nine scientific goals related to observations, mapping, and measurements of environmental, biological, and marine changes associated with climate change.[14] On 8 December 2013 the ship, with 74 people on board — four journalists, 19 scientists, 26 tourists, the expedition leader's wife and two children, and 22 crew members — sailed from Bluff in New Zealand to Antarctica.[15][16] Around 07:20 AEDT on 25 December 2013, the ship broadcast a distress message after becoming trapped in heavy ice a few miles from the coast of Antarctica, 100 nautical miles (190 km; 120 mi) east of the French base Dumont D'Urville and approximately 1,500 nautical miles (2,800 km; 1,700 mi) south of Hobart.[15] Chinese icebreaking research vessel Xuě Lóng, French research vessel L'Astrolabe and Australian icebreaker Aurora Australis were dispatched by the Australian Maritime Safety Authority to assist with the rescue operation of Akademik Shokalskiy.[15]

Xuě Lóng, which arrived first, was prevented by thick sea ice from coming closer than about 6 nautical miles (11 km; 6.9 mi) from Akademik Shokalskiy. However it remained in open water nearby as it carried a helicopter, which ultimately was deployed later for the rescue operation.[17] L'Astrolabe also turned back after encountering heavy ice.[17] Aurora Australis, arriving two days later, abandoned its attempt about 10 nautical miles (19 km; 12 mi)[citation needed] from the stranded ship, as the ice was too thick to be broken and because of the risk of also becoming trapped in the ice.[18]

On 2 January 2014, Akademik Shokalskiy's 52 passengers were evacuated to Aurora Australis by Xuě Lóng's helicopter, which transferred them between temporary ice helipads alongside each vessel.[19] The original plan was to helicopter the passengers to Xuě Lóng, then transfer them to Aurora Australis by boat, but the Chinese icebreaker had become trapped by ice.[19] After the rescue, Aurora Australis continued on her original mission to resupply Casey Station, before returning to Hobart on 22 January.[20][21] The 22 Akadamik Shokalskiy crew were required by their employment contracts to stay aboard until the ship could be freed.[22]

On 4 January 2014, the American heavy icebreaker Polar Star was dispatched from Sydney, Australia to assist Akademik Shokalskiy and Xuě Lóng at the request of Australian authorities.[23] However, on 8 January the Australian Maritime Safety Authority confirmed that both vessels had broken free and were proceeding to open water, and later the same day Polar Star was released to scheduled duties.[24] On 14 January Akademik Shokalskiy returned to the port of Bluff.[25]

Environmental writer Andrew Revkin criticized the scientists on board Akademik Shokalskiy, stating that "important and costly field research in Antarctica has been seriously disrupted" by an "unessential" mission.[26] He also commended an article by Professor Michael Robinson of University of Hartford, which noted that the expedition aimed to use Mawson's observations as a baseline for their own scientific findings "that will illuminate Antarctica's future, not its past. As such, the voyage will prove to be well worth the time and effort."[27]

References

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k "Akademik Shokalskiy (810141)". Register of ships. Russian Maritime Register of Shipping. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
  2. ^ a b Sreeja, VN (26 December 2013). "3 Rescue Ships To Reach MV Akademik Shokalskiy". International Business Times (US Ed). Retrieved 29 December 2013.
  3. ^ "Aurora Expeditions launches their brand new Russian Coast 2011 voyages". Aurora Expeditions. 13 August 2010. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  4. ^ "Aurora Expeditions reaches Commonwealth Bay". Aurora Expeditions. January 2012. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  5. ^ "Chopper rescue for Russian ship MV Akademik Shokalskiy". news.com.au. 31 December 2013. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  6. ^ a b Immonen, Pauli; Brooke, Richard; Pajala, Jukka; Lehtonen, Seppo (1987). "Series Research Vessels—Tailored to Customer Requirements". Oceans '87 Proceedings: The Ocean—An International Workplace. Oceans '87. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE. pp. 487–493. doi:10.1109/OCEANS.1987.1160759. {{cite conference}}: Unknown parameter |booktitle= ignored (|book-title= suggested) (help)
  7. ^ "Ship Information: Shokalskiy". Polar Cruises. 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  8. ^ a b c d "Akademik Shokalskiy". Aurora Expeditions. 2011. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  9. ^ Wright, Doug (29 November 2010). "Ex-navy vessel in new role". Otago Daily Times. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  10. ^ "Introducing Akademik Shokalskiy" (PDF). The Expeditioner. Aurora Expeditions. August 2010. p. 2. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  11. ^ Russian Maritime Register of Shipping
  12. ^ Hannafin, Matt (24 November 2010). "Aurora Expeditions Introduces New Russian Arctic Cruises". Frommers.com Cruise Blog. Frommer's. Retrieved 25 April 2011.[dead link]
  13. ^ "Antarctica 2011–12" (PDF). Aurora Expeditions. October 2010. Retrieved 25 April 2011.
  14. ^ a b "Spirit of Mawson". Australasian Antarctic Expedition 2013-2014. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  15. ^ a b c "Antarctic Rescue". Australian Maritime Safety Authority. 30 December 2013. Retrieved 13 January 2014.[better source needed]
  16. ^ Pearlman, Jonathan (30 December 2014). "Antarctica ship passengers prepare ice helipad after latest rescue bid fails". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 30 December 2013.
  17. ^ a b Martinez, Michael; Yan, Holly; Yan, Cy (28 December 2013). "Chinese icebreaker turns back from Antarctic rescue mission". CNN. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  18. ^ Phillips, Nicky (30 December 2013). "Aurora Australis abandons attempt to save Akademik Shokalskiy in Antarctica". Traveller. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  19. ^ a b Phillips, Nicky (3 January 2014). "Akademik Shokalskiy rescue: tears of joy as passengers come in from the cold". Traveller. Fairfax Media. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  20. ^ Australian Associated Press (16 January 2016). "Australian icebreaker heading home". SBS. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  21. ^ Australian Associated Press (22 January 2014). "Antarctic cruise routes face scrutiny". SBS. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  22. ^ Dell'Amore, Christine (4 January 2014). "Antarctic Ship Rescue: 5 Lessons From the Trapped-Vessel Drama". National Geographic. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  23. ^ "US icebreaker heads to Antarctic to help stuck ships". Yahoo News. 4 January 2014. Archived from the original on 8 January 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  24. ^ "Antarctic rescue operations complete" (PDF). Australian Maritime Safety Authority. 8 January 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  25. ^ "Akademik Shokalskiy arrives in Bluff". The Southland Times. 14 January 2014. Retrieved 15 January 2016.
  26. ^ Revkin, Andrew (31 December 2013). "Rescue Efforts for Trapped Antarctic Voyage Disrupt Serious Science". The New York Times. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
  27. ^ Robinson, Michael (30 December 2013). "Ship Stuck in Antarctica Raises Questions About Worth of Reenacting Expeditions". National Geographic Daily News. Retrieved 5 January 2014.
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