Jump to content

Australian Mounted Division: Difference between revisions

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Browse history interactively
← Previous editNext edit →
Content deleted Content added
VisualWikitext
Hazard-Bot (talk | contribs)
Bots
173,336 edits
m Bot: Adding {{Research help|Mil}}; please leave feedback/comments at Wikipedia talk:Research help #ResHelp
Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead. #IABot (v1.2.5)
Line 36: Line 36:


==Formation==
==Formation==
The '''Imperial Mounted Division''' was formed in Egypt in 1917 by bringing together two [[Australian Light Horse]] brigades, two British [[Yeomanry]] brigades, and a British [[horse artillery]] brigade{{efn|name=Brigade|The basic organic unit of the [[Royal Artillery]] was, and is, the [[Artillery battery|Battery]].<ref name=MOD_RA>{{cite web | url=http://www.army.mod.uk/artillery/23445.aspx | title=The Royal Artillery | publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)]] | accessdate=18 November 2013}}</ref> When grouped together they formed brigades, in the same way that infantry battalions or cavalry regiments were grouped together in brigades. At the outbreak of [[World War I]], a field artillery brigade of [[Headquarters#Military|headquarters]] (4 officers, 37 [[Other ranks (UK)|other ranks]]), three batteries (5 and 193 each), and a brigade ammunition column (4 and 154)<ref name=LLT_WAB>{{cite web | url=http://www.1914-1918.net/whatartbrig.htm | title=What was an artillery brigade? | publisher=The Long, Long Trail | first=Chris | last=Baker | accessdate=18 November 2013}}</ref> had a total strength just under 800 so was broadly comparable to an infantry battalion (just over 1,000) or a cavalry regiment (about 550). Like an infantry battalion, an artillery brigade was usually commanded by a [[Lieutenant-Colonel]]. Artillery brigades were redesignated as regiments in 1938. Note that the battery strength refers to a battery of six guns; a four-gun battery would be about two thirds of this; a brigade of four four-gun batteries would be approximately the same strength as a brigade of three six-gun batteries.}} (four [[Artillery battery|batteries]]).<ref name=Perry56>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=56}}</ref>
The '''Imperial Mounted Division''' was formed in Egypt in 1917 by bringing together two [[Australian Light Horse]] brigades, two British [[Yeomanry]] brigades, and a British [[horse artillery]] brigade{{efn|name=Brigade|The basic organic unit of the [[Royal Artillery]] was, and is, the [[Artillery battery|Battery]].<ref name=MOD_RA>{{cite web|url=http://www.army.mod.uk/artillery/23445.aspx |title=The Royal Artillery |publisher=[[Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom)]] |accessdate=18 November 2013 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131023001138/http://www.army.mod.uk/artillery/23445.aspx |archivedate=23 October 2013 |df= }}</ref> When grouped together they formed brigades, in the same way that infantry battalions or cavalry regiments were grouped together in brigades. At the outbreak of [[World War I]], a field artillery brigade of [[Headquarters#Military|headquarters]] (4 officers, 37 [[Other ranks (UK)|other ranks]]), three batteries (5 and 193 each), and a brigade ammunition column (4 and 154)<ref name=LLT_WAB>{{cite web | url=http://www.1914-1918.net/whatartbrig.htm | title=What was an artillery brigade? | publisher=The Long, Long Trail | first=Chris | last=Baker | accessdate=18 November 2013}}</ref> had a total strength just under 800 so was broadly comparable to an infantry battalion (just over 1,000) or a cavalry regiment (about 550). Like an infantry battalion, an artillery brigade was usually commanded by a [[Lieutenant-Colonel]]. Artillery brigades were redesignated as regiments in 1938. Note that the battery strength refers to a battery of six guns; a four-gun battery would be about two thirds of this; a brigade of four four-gun batteries would be approximately the same strength as a brigade of three six-gun batteries.}} (four [[Artillery battery|batteries]]).<ref name=Perry56>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=56}}</ref>
* The [[3rd Light Horse Brigade]] was formed in Australia in October 1914 with the [[8th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|8th]], [[9th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|9th]], and [[10th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|10th Light Horse Regiments]] and was posted to Egypt in March 1915. It was dismounted and served in [[Gallipoli Campaign|Gallipoli]] from May to December attached to the [[New Zealand and Australian Division]]<ref name=Perry51>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=51}}</ref> (notably the [[Battle of Sari Bair]]).<ref name=Perry41>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=41}}</ref> It joined the [[ANZAC Mounted Division]] when it was formed in March 1916<ref name=Perry51/> and saw action with it at the battles of [[Battle of Romani|Romani]] and [[Battle of Magdhaba|Magdhaba]].<ref name=Perry52>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=52}}</ref> It joined the division on formation in January 1917; it was replaced in the ANZAC Mounted Division by the British [[22nd Mounted Brigade]].<ref name=Perry51/>
* The [[3rd Light Horse Brigade]] was formed in Australia in October 1914 with the [[8th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|8th]], [[9th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|9th]], and [[10th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|10th Light Horse Regiments]] and was posted to Egypt in March 1915. It was dismounted and served in [[Gallipoli Campaign|Gallipoli]] from May to December attached to the [[New Zealand and Australian Division]]<ref name=Perry51>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=51}}</ref> (notably the [[Battle of Sari Bair]]).<ref name=Perry41>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=41}}</ref> It joined the [[ANZAC Mounted Division]] when it was formed in March 1916<ref name=Perry51/> and saw action with it at the battles of [[Battle of Romani|Romani]] and [[Battle of Magdhaba|Magdhaba]].<ref name=Perry52>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=52}}</ref> It joined the division on formation in January 1917; it was replaced in the ANZAC Mounted Division by the British [[22nd Mounted Brigade]].<ref name=Perry51/>
* The [[4th Light Horse Brigade]] was formed in Australia in February 1915 with the [[11th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|11th]], [[12th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|12th]], and [[13th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|13th Light Horse Regiments]] and was posted to Egypt in July 1915. The brigade was broken up:<ref name=Perry55>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=55}}</ref> the 11th Light Horse Regiment was dismounted and served in Gallipoli as reinforcements to other regiments;<ref name=11lhr>{{cite web | url=http://www.awm.gov.au/units/unit_10569.asp | title=11th Australian Light Horse Regiment | publisher=Australian War Memorial | accessdate=6 January 2016 }}</ref> the 12th Light Horse Regiment was dismounted and attached to the 3rd Light Horse Brigade in Gallipoli (August{{snd}}December 1915) and [[2nd Light Horse Brigade]] in Egypt (April 1915{{snd}}January 1917);<ref name=Perry40>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=40}}</ref> and the 13th Light Horse Regiment remained mounted and joined the [[2nd Division (Australia)|2nd Australian Division]]. The brigade was reformed in January 1917{{snd}}with the [[4th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|4th Light Horse Regiment]] in place of the 13th{{snd}} and joined the division on formation.<ref name=Perry55/>
* The [[4th Light Horse Brigade]] was formed in Australia in February 1915 with the [[11th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|11th]], [[12th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|12th]], and [[13th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|13th Light Horse Regiments]] and was posted to Egypt in July 1915. The brigade was broken up:<ref name=Perry55>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=55}}</ref> the 11th Light Horse Regiment was dismounted and served in Gallipoli as reinforcements to other regiments;<ref name=11lhr>{{cite web | url=http://www.awm.gov.au/units/unit_10569.asp | title=11th Australian Light Horse Regiment | publisher=Australian War Memorial | accessdate=6 January 2016 }}</ref> the 12th Light Horse Regiment was dismounted and attached to the 3rd Light Horse Brigade in Gallipoli (August{{snd}}December 1915) and [[2nd Light Horse Brigade]] in Egypt (April 1915{{snd}}January 1917);<ref name=Perry40>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=40}}</ref> and the 13th Light Horse Regiment remained mounted and joined the [[2nd Division (Australia)|2nd Australian Division]]. The brigade was reformed in January 1917{{snd}}with the [[4th Light Horse Regiment (Australia)|4th Light Horse Regiment]] in place of the 13th{{snd}} and joined the division on formation.<ref name=Perry55/>
Line 109: Line 109:
|-
|-
|colspan=2 |
|colspan=2 |
On formation in Egypt in January 1917, the division commanded the following units.<ref name=Perry54>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=54}}</ref><ref name=Mallett>{{Wayback | url=http://www.aif.adfa.edu.au:8888/Australian_Mounted_Division.html | title=Australian Mounted Division by Ross Mallett (28 June 2010) | date=20150228203023 | df=yes }}</ref> British units and formations are shown in ''italics''.
On formation in Egypt in January 1917, the division commanded the following units.<ref name=Perry54>{{harvnb|Perry|1992|p=54}}</ref><ref name=Mallett>{{cite web|url=http://www.aif.adfa.edu.au:8888/Australian_Mounted_Division.html |title=Australian Mounted Division by Ross Mallett (28 June 2010) |accessdate=2016-01-06 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20150228203023/http://www.aif.adfa.edu.au:8888/Australian_Mounted_Division.html |archivedate=2015-02-28 |df= }}</ref> British units and formations are shown in ''italics''.
|- valign=top
|- valign=top
| '''[[3rd Light Horse Brigade]]'''
| '''[[3rd Light Horse Brigade]]'''

Revision as of 23:22, 21 October 2016

Imperial Mounted Division
Australian Mounted Division
ActiveJanuary 1917 – May 1919
Country Australia
 United Kingdom
 France
 New Zealand
TypeDivision
RoleMounted infantry
Australian light horse
yeomanry cavalry
Part ofDesert Column
Desert Mounted Corps
Anniversaries31 October Beersheba Day
EquipmentHorse rifle and bayonet (Yeomanry armed with swords) 1916–1918. After the Yeomanry were sent to the Western Front, from mid-1918 a sword was added to the Light Horse along with Mixte de Cavalerie du Lavant Regiment
EngagementsFirst World War
Commanders
CommanderHenry Hodgson

The Australian Mounted Division originally formed as the Imperial Mounted Division in January 1917, was a mounted infantry, light horse and yeomanry division. The division was formed in Egypt, and along with the Anzac Mounted Division formed part of Desert Column, Egyptian Expeditionary Force in World War I. The division was originally made up of the Australian 3rd Light Horse Brigade, (formerly Anzac Mounted Division) the reconstituted 4th Light Horse Brigade, and two British yeomanry brigades; the 5th Mounted Brigade and 6th Mounted Brigade.[1]

Formation

The Imperial Mounted Division was formed in Egypt in 1917 by bringing together two Australian Light Horse brigades, two British Yeomanry brigades, and a British horse artillery brigade[a] (four batteries).[4]

The division was also provided with support units, mostly assigned or attached directly to the brigades, but including an engineer squadron, a signals squadron, and train.[15]

Service history

The division joined the Desert Column[4] alongside the ANZAC Mounted Division.[7]

During the First Battle of Gaza, the division (as the Imperial Mounted Division) provided protection from counter-attack on the eastern flank while the main infantry assault was underway. The brigades became the rearguard during the withdrawal from Gaza after the attack was called off.

Battles

The division served in the Sinai and Palestine Campaign from formation through to the end of the First World War including[4]

Orders of battle

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The basic organic unit of the Royal Artillery was, and is, the Battery.[2] When grouped together they formed brigades, in the same way that infantry battalions or cavalry regiments were grouped together in brigades. At the outbreak of World War I, a field artillery brigade of headquarters (4 officers, 37 other ranks), three batteries (5 and 193 each), and a brigade ammunition column (4 and 154)[3] had a total strength just under 800 so was broadly comparable to an infantry battalion (just over 1,000) or a cavalry regiment (about 550). Like an infantry battalion, an artillery brigade was usually commanded by a Lieutenant-Colonel. Artillery brigades were redesignated as regiments in 1938. Note that the battery strength refers to a battery of six guns; a four-gun battery would be about two thirds of this; a brigade of four four-gun batteries would be approximately the same strength as a brigade of three six-gun batteries.
  2. ^ a b Originally the 3rd Light Horse Brigade Train, designated 3rd Supply Section from February 1916 and 35th Company, Australian Army Service Corps from February 1917.[23]
  3. ^ a b Originally the 4th Light Horse Brigade Train, designated 4th Supply Section from February 1916 and 36th Company, Australian Army Service Corps from February 1917.[24]
  4. ^ Originally the 5th Light Horse Brigade Train, designated 37th Company, Australian Army Service Corps from July 1918.[28]
  5. ^ Made up of two squadrons of the 1er Régiment de Spahis and two squadrons of the 4e Regiment de Marche Chasseurs d'Afrique.[28]

References

Template:Research help

  1. ^ Falls & 1930 Vol. 1, pp. 273–4
  2. ^ "The Royal Artillery". Ministry of Defence (United Kingdom). Archived from the original on 23 October 2013. Retrieved 18 November 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  3. ^ Baker, Chris. "What was an artillery brigade?". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 18 November 2013.
  4. ^ a b c Perry 1992, p. 56
  5. ^ a b c Perry 1992, p. 51
  6. ^ Perry 1992, p. 41
  7. ^ a b Perry 1992, p. 52
  8. ^ a b c d Perry 1992, p. 55
  9. ^ "11th Australian Light Horse Regiment". Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  10. ^ Perry 1992, p. 40
  11. ^ a b Westlake 1992, p. 15
  12. ^ a b Becke 1936, pp. 10–17
  13. ^ Baker, Chris. "The Oxfordshire Yeomanry". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  14. ^ Baker, Chris. "The Dorset Yeomanry". The Long, Long Trail. Retrieved 26 March 2013.
  15. ^ a b c d Perry 1992, p. 54
  16. ^ a b Becke 1936, p. 16
  17. ^ Frederick 1984, p. 449
  18. ^ Farndale 1988, p. 357
  19. ^ Becke 1936, p. 17
  20. ^ Westlake 1992, p. 3
  21. ^ Clarke 2004, p. 23
  22. ^ a b Farndale 1988, p. 83
  23. ^ a b c d "3rd Australian Light Horse Brigade". Australian Light Horse Studies Centre. 8 November 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  24. ^ a b c d "4th Australian Light Horse Brigade". Australian Light Horse Studies Centre. 24 March 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
  25. ^ a b c d "Australian Mounted Division by Ross Mallett (28 June 2010)". Archived from the original on 2015-02-28. Retrieved 2016-01-06. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  26. ^ a b Becke 1936, p. 12
  27. ^ Farndale 1988, p. 95
  28. ^ a b c "5th Australian Light Horse Brigade". Australian Light Horse Studies Centre. 24 December 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2016.

Bibliography

  • Becke, Major A.F. (1936). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 2A. The Territorial Force Mounted Divisions and the 1st-Line Territorial Force Divisions (42–56). London: His Majesty's Stationery Office. ISBN 1-871167-12-4. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Clarke, Dale (2004). British Artillery 1914–19 Field Army Artillery. Vol. Volume 94 of New Vanguard Series. Oxford: Osprey Publishing. ISBN 1-84176-688-7. {{cite book}}: |volume= has extra text (help); Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Falls, Cyril; MacMunn, George (1930). Military Operations Egypt & Palestine From the Outbreak of War With Germany to June 1917. Official History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. Vol. 1. London: HM Stationery Office. OCLC 610273484.
  • Farndale, General Sir Martin (1988). The Forgotten Fronts and the Home Base, 1914–18. History of the Royal Regiment of Artillery. Woolwich: The Royal Artillery Institution. ISBN 1-870114-05-1. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Frederick, J.B.M. (1984). Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978. Wakefield, Yorkshire: Microform Academic Publishers. ISBN 1-85117-009-X. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • James, Brigadier E.A. (1978). British Regiments 1914–18. London: Samson Books. ISBN 0-906304-03-2. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Jones, Ian (1987). The Australian Light Horse. Australians at War. Australia: Time-Life Books. OCLC 18459444. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Massey, William T. (1920). Allenby’s Final Triumph. London: Constable & Co. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Perry, F.W. (1992). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5A. The Divisions of Australia, Canada and New Zealand and those in East Africa. Newport, Gwent: Ray Westlake Military Books. ISBN 1-871167-25-6. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Perry, F.W. (1993). Order of Battle of Divisions Part 5B. Indian Army Divisions. Newport: Ray Westlake Military Books. ISBN 1-871167-23-X. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Preston, R.M.P. (1921). The Desert Mounted Corps: An Account of the Cavalry Operations in Palestine and Syria 1917–1918. London: Constable & Co. OCLC 3900439. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
  • Westlake, Ray (1992). British Territorial Units 1914-18. Osprey Publishing. ISBN 978-1-85532-168-7. {{cite book}}: Invalid |ref=harv (help)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Australian_Mounted_Division&oldid=745574423"