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==External links==
==External links==
*[http://www.worldwar2database.com/html/nuremberg.htm Gauleiter Nuremberg War Crimes International Court]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060614174750/http://worldwar2database.com/html/nuremberg.htm Gauleiter Nuremberg War Crimes International Court]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060718122710/http://worldatwar.net/nations/luxembourg/timeline.html Luxemburg Gauleiter]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20060718122710/http://worldatwar.net/nations/luxembourg/timeline.html Luxemburg Gauleiter]
*[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Belgium.html WorldStatesmen - here Belgium]
*[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Belgium.html WorldStatesmen - here Belgium]

Revision as of 01:01, 18 May 2017

The following list of Gauleiters enumerates those who have held the Nazi party rank of Gauleiter, a type of regional party leader germane only within Adolf Hitler's system.

Of the 44 former Gauleiter of the NSDAP thirteen committed suicide when Nazi Germany surrendered, eight were executed by the allies after the war, one was executed by the SS and one died in Soviet captivity. By 1954, when Karl Wahl became the first former Gauleiter to publish his memoirs, eight were still missing, three in jail and the remaining ten were free men.[1]

List

This is a list of Gaue and Gauleiters, with their time in office in brackets:[2][3][4]

Imprisoned, later released and died a free man Died in captivity, except suicide or execution Committed suicide Executed or assassinated Killed in action Died of natural causes or through an accident Fate unknown or unclear
Gauleiter Gau(e) In office Fate
Herbert Albrecht Gau Mecklenburg 1930–1931 Died in June 1945
Karl Benz Gau Hessen-Darmstadt[a] 1932–1933
Ernst Wilhelm Bohle NSDAP/AO [b] 1933–1945 Imprisoned until 1949, died in 1960 in West Germany
Fritz Bracht Gau Oberschlesien[c] 1941–1945 Committed suicide in May 1945
Josef Bürckel Gau Rheinpfalz [d] 1926–1935 Died in September 1944[5]
Gau Saarland [e] 1933–1935
Reichsgau Wien 1939–1940
Gau Pfalz–Saar [f] 1935–1944
Helmuth Brückner Gau Schlesien [g] 1925–1934 Died in Soviet captivity in 1951 or 1954
Walter von Corswant Gau Pommern 1928–1931 Died in 1942
Léon Degrelle Reichsgau Wallonien 1944–1945[h] Escaped to Spain in 1945 where he died in 1994
Artur Dinter Gau Thüringen 1925–1927 Died in 1948
August Eigruber Reichsgau Oberdonau 1939–1945 Executed in Bavaria in May 1947
Joachim Albrecht Eggeling Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1935–1937 Committed suicide in April 1945[6]
Gau Halle-Merseburg 1938–1945
Otto Erbersdobler Gau Niederbayern[i] 1929–1932[7] Died in 1981 in West Germany
Walter Ernst Gau Halle-Merseburg 1925–1926 Killed in action in March 1945
Friedrich Karl Florian Gau Düsseldorf [j] 1929–1945 Imprisoned until 1951, died in 1975 in West Germany[8]
Albert Forster Reichsgau Danzig-Westpreußen [k] 1930–1945 Executed in Poland in 1952
Peter Gemeinder Gau Hessen-Darmstadt 1931 Died in 1931
Karl Gerland Gau Kurhessen[l] 1944–1945 (acting) Killed in action in April 1945
Paul Giesler Gau Westfalen-Süd 1941–1943 Committed suicide in May 1945[9]
Gau München-Oberbayern [m] 1944–1945
Joseph Goebbels Gau Berlin-Brandenburg[n] 1926–1929 Committed suicide in Berlin in May 1945[10]
Gau Berlin 1929–1945
Odilo Globocnik Reichsgau Wien 1938–1939 Committed suicide in British captivity in May 1945
Arthur Greiser Reichsgau Wartheland [o] 1939–1945 Executed in Poland in 1946
Wilhelm Grimm Gau Mittelfranken[p] 1928
Josef Grohé Gau Köln-Aachen 1931–1945 Imprisoned until 1950, died in 1987 in West Germany
Anton Haselmayer Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd[q] 1925–1926
Heinz Haake Gau Rheinland–Süd[r] 1925 Died in British captivity in 1945
Ludolf Haase Gau Hannover-Süd[s] 1927–1928 Died in 1972 in West Germany
Karl Hanke Gau Niederschlesien [t] 1941–1945 Captured and killed by Czech partisans
Otto Hellmuth Gau Unterfranken [u] 1928–1945 Imprisoned until 1955, committed suicide in 1968 in West Germany[11]
Konrad Henlein Reichsgau Sudetenland 1939–1945 Committed suicide in US captivity in May 1945
Friedrich Hildebrandt Gau Mecklenburg 1925–1930
1931–1945 		Executed in Bavaria in November 1948
Paul Hinkler Gau Halle-Merseburg 1926–1930 Committed suicide in April 1945
Franz Hofer Reichsgau Tirol 1932–1933 Escaped captivity in 1948, died in 1975 in West Germany
Reichsgau Tirol-Vorarlberg 1938–1945
Albert Hoffmann Gau Westfalen-Süd 1943–1945 died in Heiligenrode in 1972
Paul Hofmann Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1933
Hans-Albert Hohnfeldt Reichsgau Danzig-Westpreußen 1926–1928
Emil Holz Gau Brandenburg[v] 1929–1930
Karl Holz Gau Franken[w] 1942–1945 Died in April 1945 under unclear circumstances[12]
Rudolf Jordan Gau Halle-Merseburg 1930–1937 Imprisoned in the Soviet Union until 1955, died in West Germany in 1988[13]
Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1938–1945
Hugo Jury Reichsgau Niederdonau 1939–1945 Committed suicide in May 1945
Wilhelm Karpenstein Gau Pommern 1931–1934 Died in 1968 in West Germany
Karl Kaufmann Gau Rheinland–Nord[x] 1925–1926 Imprisoned intermittently until 1953, died in 1969 in West Germany[14]
Gau Ruhr [y] 1926–1929
Gau Hamburg 1929–1945
Josef Klant Gau Hamburg 1925–1926 Died in 1927
Hubert Klausner Reichsgau Kärnten 1939–1940 Died in 1939
Erich Koch Gau Ostpreußen 1928–1945 Died in prison in Poland in 1986
Albert Krebs Gau Hamburg 1927–1928 Died in 1974 in West Germany
Wilhelm Kube Gau Ostmark[z] 1928–1933 Assassinated by Soviet partisans in September 1943
Gau Kurmark[aa] 1933–1936
Franz Kutschera Reichsgau Kärnten 1940–1941 Executed by Polish resistance fighters in February 1944
Hartmann Lauterbacher Gau Südhannover-Braunschweig [ab] 1940–1945 Escaped captivity in 1948, died in 1988 in West Germany
Robert Ley Gau Rheinland–Süd 1925–1931 Indicted at the Nuremberg trials, but committed suicide in his cell in October 1945 before the trials began
Wilhelm Friedrich Loeper Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1927–1933
1934–1935 		Died in 1935
Hinrich Lohse Gau Hamburg 1928–1929 Imprisoned until 1951, died in 1964 in West Germany[15]
Gau Schleswig-Holstein 1925–1945
Walter Maaß Reichsgau Danzig-Westpreußen 1928–1930
Franz Maierhofer Gau Oberpfalz[ac] 1929–1932 Killed in action in August 1943
Friedrich Mengeringhausen Gau Hessen-Darmstadt 1927–1931
Alfred Meyer Gau Westfalen-Nord 1932–1945 Committed suicide in April 1945
Eugen Munder Gau Württemberg-Hohenzollern 1925–1928 Died in 1952
Wilhelm Murr Gau Württemberg-Hohenzollern 1928–1945 Committed suicide in French captivity in May 1945
Martin Mutschmann Gau Sachsen 1925–1945 Executed in the Soviet Union in February 1947
Hans Nieland NSDAP/AO 1930–1933 Imprisoned until 1948, died in 1976 in West Germany
Franz Pfeffer von Salomon Gau Westfalen [ad] 1925–1926 Died in 1968 in West Germany
Friedrich Rainer Reichsgau Salzburg 1939–1941 Executed in Yugoslavia in July 1947
Reichsgau Kärnten 1942–1944
Fritz Reinhardt Gau Niederbayern 1928–1930 Imprisoned until 1950, died in 1969 in West Germany
Carl Röver Gau Weser-Ems 1929–1942 Died in 1942
Ludwig Ruckdeschel Gau Bayerische Ostmark[ae] 1945 Imprisoned until 1952, died in 1986 in West Germany[16]
Bernhard Rust Gau Hannover-Nord[af] 1925–1928 Committed suicide in May 1945
Gau Südhannover-Braunschweig 1928–1940
Fritz Sauckel Gau Thüringen 1927–1945 Found guilty in the Nuremberg trials, executed in October 1946
Gustav Adolf Scheel Reichsgau Salzburg 1941–1945 Imprisoned intermittently until 1953, died in 1979 in West Germany
Hans Schemm Gau Oberfranken[ag] 1928–1933 Died of injuries sustained in an aircraft crash in March 1935[17]
Gau Bayerische Ostmark 1933–1935
Bruno Gustav Scherwitz Gau Ostpreußen 1925–1927
Baldur von Schirach Reichsgau Wien 1940–1945 Found guilty in the Nuremberg trials, imprisoned for 20 years, died 1974 in West Germany
Ernst Schlange Gau Berlin-Brandenburg 1925–1926 Died in Soviet captivity in 1947
Gau Brandenburg 1930–1933
Fritz Schlessmann Gau Essen 1940–1945 (acting) Imprisoned until 1950, died in 1964 in West Germany
Gustav Hermann Schmischke Gau Magdeburg-Anhalt 1925–1928
Walther Schultze Gau Kurhessen 1926–1927 Died in 1979 in West Germany
Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd 1926–1927
Franz Schwede Gau Pommern 1935–1945 Imprisoned until 1956, died in 1960 in West Germany
Gustav Simon Gau Moselland [ah] 1931–1945 Captured by the British Army, found hanged in his cell in December 1945
Jakob Sprenger Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd 1927–1933 Committed suicide in May 1945
Gau Hessen-Nassau[ai] 1933–1945
Willi Stöhr Gau Pfalz–Saar 1944–1945 Escaped to Canada[18]
Gregor Strasser Gau Niederbayern–Oberpfalz [aj] 1925–1929 Executed during the Night of the Long Knives in 1934
Julius Streicher Gau Franken 1929–1940 Found guilty in the Nuremberg trials, executed in October 1946[19]
Emil Stürtz Gau Kurmark 1939–1945 Missing since April 1945, declared dead
Otto Telschow Gau Lüneburg-Stade 1925–1928 Captured by the British Army, committed suicide in May 1945
Gau Osthannover 1925–1945
Josef Terboven Gau Essen 1928–1945 Committed suicide in Norway in May 1945[20]
Theodor Vahlen Gau Pommern 1925–1927 Died in 1945 in Czechoslovakia
Siegfried Uiberreither Reichsgau Steiermark 1939–1945 Escaped from captivity in 1948, possibly died in 1984 in West Germany
Fritz Wächtler Gau Bayerische Ostmark 1935–1945 Executed by the SS in April 1945[21]
Adolf Wagner Gau München-Oberbayern 1933–1944 Died in April 1944
Josef Wagner Gau Ruhr 1929–1931 Killed in May 1945 either by the SS or Soviet troops
Gau Schlesien [ak] 1934–1940
Gau Westfalen-Süd 1932–1941
Robert Heinrich Wagner Gau Baden-Elsaß[al] 1925–1945 Executed in France in October 1946[22]
Karl Wahl Gau Schwaben 1928–1945 Imprisoned until 1948, died in 1981 in West Germany[23]
Paul Wegener Gau Weser-Ems 1942–1945 Imprisoned until 1951, died in 1993 in Germany
Karl Weinrich Gau Kurhessen 1927–1943 Imprisoned until 1950, died in 1973 in West Germany
Jef van de Wiele Reichsgau Flandern 1944–1945[am] Imprisoned for 17 years, died in 1979 in Belgium
Hans Zimmermann Gau Franken 1940–1941 Died in 1984 in West Germany[24]

Notes

  1. ^ Gau Hessen-Darmstadt became a part of Hessen-Nassau 1933
  2. ^ Foreign Organization branch of the Nazi Party
  3. ^ Created when Gau Schlesien was split into two separate Gaue
  4. ^ Gau Rheinpfalz became a part of Pfalz-Saar in 1935
  5. ^ Gau Saarland became a part of Pfalz-Saar in 1935
  6. ^ Gau Pfalz-Saar was founded in 1935 when Saarland & Rheinpfalz merged. It was renamed Saarpfalz in 1937 and finally Westmark in 1942
  7. ^ Gau Schlesien was divided into Niederschlesien & Oberschlesien in 1941
  8. ^ In exile in Germany
  9. ^ Gau Niederbayern became a part of Bayerische Ostmark 1933
  10. ^ Gau Düsseldorf was founded in 1929 from the Bezirk Bergisches-Land
  11. ^ Gau Danzig-Westpreußen was known as Gau Danzig before 1939
  12. ^ Kurhessen was known as Gau Hessen-Nassau-Nord before 1934
  13. ^ Gau München-Oberbayern was founded in 1933 when the Bezirk Oberbayern & Gross-München merged
  14. ^ Gau Berlin-Brandenburg was divided into Berlin & Brandenburg 1929
  15. ^ Wartheland was also known as Warthegau
  16. ^ Gau Mittelfranken became a part of Franken 1929
  17. ^ Gau Hessen-Nassau-Süd became a part of Hessen-Nassau in 1933
  18. ^ Gau Rheinland-Süd was divided into Köln-Aachen & Koblenz-Trier in 1931
  19. ^ Gau Hannover-Süd became a part of Südhannover-Braunschweig 1928
  20. ^ Created when Gau Schlesien was split into two separate Gaue
  21. ^ Unterfranken was known as Gau Mainfranken after 1935
  22. ^ Gau Brandenburg was made a part of Kurmark 1933
  23. ^ Gau Franken was founded in 1929 when Mittelfranken merged with the Bezirk Nürnberg-Fürth
  24. ^ Gau Rheinland-Nord became a part of Ruhr in 1926
  25. ^ Gau Ruhr was divided into Westfalen-Nord & Westfalen-Süd in 1932
  26. ^ Gau Ostmark was made a part of Gau Kurmark in 1933
  27. ^ Kurmark was founded in 1933 when Ostmark merged with Brandenburg; it was renamed Gau Mark Brandenburg in 1940
  28. ^ Gau Südhannover-Braunschweig was founded in 1928 when Hannover-Nord & Hannover-Süd merged
  29. ^ Gau Oberpfalz became a part of Bayerische Ostmark in 1933
  30. ^ Gau Westfalen became a part of Ruhr in 1926
  31. ^ Gau Bayerische Ostmark was founded in 1933 when Gau Oberfranken, Niederbayern and Oberpfalz merged. It was renamed Gau Bayreuth after its capital in 1943
  32. ^ Gau Hannover-Nord became a part of Südhannover-Braunschweig 1928
  33. ^ Gau Oberfranken became a part of Bayerische Ostmark in 1933
  34. ^ Moselland was named Gau Koblenz-Trier until 1942
  35. ^ Gau Hessen-Nassau was founded 1933 when Hessen-Darmstadt merged with Hessen-Nassau-Süd
  36. ^ Gau Niederbayern-Oberpfalz was divided into Niederbayern & Oberpfalz in 1929
  37. ^ Gau Schlesien was divided into Niederschlesien & Oberschlesien in 1941
  38. ^ Included the French Alsace region from 1940 onwards and was renamed Gau Baden-Alsace
  39. ^ In exile in Germany

References

Inline

  1. ^ "Es ist das deutsche Herz" [It is the German heart]. spiegel.de (in German). Der Spiegel. 22 December 1954. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  2. ^ "Übersicht der NSDAP-Gaue, der Gauleiter und der Stellvertretenden Gauleiter zwischen 1933 und 1945" [Overview of Nazi Gaue, the Gauleiter and assistant Gauleiter from 1933 to 1945]. zukunft-braucht-erinnerung.de (in German). Zukunft braucht Erinnerung. Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  3. ^ "Die Gaue der NSDAP" [The Gaue of the Nazi Party]. verwaltungsgeschichte.de (in German). Retrieved 31 March 2016.
  4. ^ "Die NS-Gaue" [The Nazi Gaue]. dhm.de (in German). Deutsches Historisches Museum. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  5. ^ "Bürckel, Josef". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  6. ^ "NS-Zeit 1933-45" [Nazi era 1933-45]. xn--hndelstadt-halle-vnb.de (in German). Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  7. ^ Anna Rosmus: Hitlers Nibelungen, Samples Grafenau 2015, pp. 60f
  8. ^ "ZEITGESCHICHTE / NATIONALSOZIALISTEN" [History/Nazis]. spiegel.de (in German). Der Spiegel. 8 May 1967. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  9. ^ "Giesler, Paul". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  10. ^ "Goebbels, Paul Joseph". deutsche-biographie.de (in German). Bavarian State Library. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  11. ^ "Hellmuth, Otto". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  12. ^ "Holz, Karl". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  13. ^ "Jordan, Rudolf". uni-magdeburg.de (in German). University of Magdeburg. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  14. ^ "Die Legende vom "guten Gauleiter"" [The legend of the "good Gauleiter"]. ndr.de (in German). Norddeutscher Rundfunk. 8 April 2011. Retrieved 29 March 2016.
  15. ^ "Lohse, Hinrich". deutsche-biographie.de (in German). Bavarian State Library. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  16. ^ "Ruckdeschel, Ludwig". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  17. ^ "Schemm, Hans". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  18. ^ "Stöhr, Willi". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  19. ^ "Streicher, Julius". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  20. ^ "Josef Terboven (1898-1945)". historisches-centrum.de (in German). Historisches Centrum Hagen. Retrieved 26 March 2016.
  21. ^ "Wächtler, Fritz". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  22. ^ "ROBERT WAGNER, GAULEITER, REICHSSTATTHALTER IN BADEN UND CHEF DER ZIVILVERWALTUNG IM ELSASS" [Robert Wagner, Gauleiter, Reichsstatthalter in Baden and chief of the civil administration of Alsace]. ns-ministerien-bw.de (in German). 12 December 2014. Retrieved 24 March 2016.
  23. ^ "Wahl, Karl". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.
  24. ^ "Zimmermann, Hans". verwaltungshandbuch.bayerische-landesbibliothek-online.de (in German). Bayerische Landesbibliothek. Retrieved 20 April 2016.

Bibliography

  • Miller, Michael D. and Schulz, Andreas (2012). Gauleiter: The Regional Leaders Of The Nazi Party And Their Deputies, 1925-1945 (Herbert Albreacht-H. Wilhelm Huttmann)-Volume 1, R. James Bender Publishing. ISBN 978-1932970210
  • Westermann, Großer Atlas zur Weltgeschichte
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