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==History==
==History==
[[Loyalist (American Revolution) |Loyalist]] [http://rogue-publishing.com/CrouseLoyalistCemetery/Crouse_Loyalist_Cemetery.html Philip Crouse] came to New Brunswick in November [[1789]]<ref name= Philip1 >Crouse, R. Crouse Family History, Second Edition Rogue Publishing, 2000.</ref><ref name= Philip2 > Land Petitions: Original Series 1783-1918 Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, RS108.</ref> and settled in the Keswick Valley, eleven kilometers from the mouth of the [[Keswick River]]. In the Acts of the Assembly Journals for the Province of New Brunswick particularly 1853 and 1854, mention is made, concerning The Nova Scotia and New Brunswick Land Company opening a new road through TOWARDS what we now know today as Hainesville. The road officially was named the New Zealand Road COINCIDING with, the British Newly formed territory of New Zealand in the southern hemisphere in the year 1840. A number of Ma-ori chiefs sign a Treaty with the British on 6th February 1840, to be known as the Treaty of Waitangi. The official in charge of the Companies affairs at that time paid tribute to Richard Hayne who was manager of the Company from 1836 to 1849 who may have been the official that named the New Zealand road, as was tradition in her magistys Queen Victoria commonwealths at that time, as a form of honour and celebration. By 1850 the community of Haynesville was formed upon the road continuing Northwards. This was named after Richard Hayne. And later recognized in the house of Assembly, as such was the case for the New Zealand Road.QUOTE: From Page 26 of the Book Geographical names of New Brunswick. By: Allan Rayburn. Toponymy Study 2. Canadian Permanent Committee on Geographical Names Ottawa 1975.‘’During this time there was much activity in surveying for highway roads in the province and these surveys established many of the minor nomenclature along their routes. ‘’( Beginning a quote from page 27. )‘’ In 1832 the New Brunswick and Nova Scotia Land Company was organized (Incorporated 1834), and in 1835 obtained an immense grant of land in the north east part of York County. By the company many settlers were brought out from Great Britain and placed on their tract, and thus originated the settlements of Stanley, Hainesville, Williamsburg, Zealand, Temperance Vale, Campbell, Maple Grove, Cross Creek, and others in that region. The causes of the naming of these are mostly evident enough. ‘’( Beginning a quote from page 27. )‘’ At different times since 1850 the government had made vigorous efforts to promote immigration, and to that end has laid out large blocks of land for settlement, at the same time giving them names. It is said at the Crown Lands Office that these names were largely suggested by Moses Perley, and if so, he
[[Loyalist (American Revolution) |Loyalist]] [http://rogue-publishing.com/CrouseLoyalistCemetery/Crouse_Loyalist_Cemetery.html Philip Crouse] came to New Brunswick in November [[1789]]<ref name="Philip1">Crouse, R. "Crouse Family History, Second Edition" Rogue Publishing, 2000.</ref><ref name="Philip2">"Land Petitions: Original Series 1783-1918" Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, RS108.</ref> and settled in the Keswick Valley, eleven kilometers from the mouth of the [[Keswick River]]. There he obtained a four hundred acre land grant from the British Crown.<ref name="CrownGrant">"Philip Crouse 1811 Crown Land Grant" Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, RS686, Vol. E, No. 589.</ref> In [[1831]] Philip’s son, Gould Crouse<ref name="Gould">Simon, John “ACTS of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of NEW BRUNSWICK” Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, 1840.</ref>, purchased from his father two hundred of those acres. Gould named the area '''New Zealand''' (sometimes referred to as '''New Zealand Settlement'''<ref name="NewZealandSettlement1">"Journal of the House of Assembly of the Province of New Brunswick", February 24, 1853, page 292.</ref><ref name="NewZealandSettlement2">"Journal of the House of Assembly of the Province of New Brunswick", February 9, 1854 - May 1, 1854, page 365.</ref><ref name="NewZealandSettlement3">"Journal of the House of Assembly of the Province of New Brunswick", October 19, 1854 - November 3, 1854, page 321.</ref>) after the birth place of his father in [[Zeeland]]<ref name="Birthplace1">“Geographical Names of Canada" Natural Resources Canada, 2006.</ref><ref name="Birthplace2">Fellows, Robert F. “Community Place Names in New Brunswick, Canada.", 1998, page 274.</ref>, a southern province of the [[Netherlands]]. Other Dutch settlers of Keswick Valley included the surnames Alieen (Allen), Brouwer (Brewer), Jansen (Hanson), Jurkse (Yerxa) and Lauren (Lawrence), just to name a few. The area where Philip Crouse lived was sometimes referred to informally as the Hanson Settlement area by some locals, until the mid [[1870's]].{{fact}}
has given more names that now survive in New Brunswick than any other man; they
are partly for men and events of the time in England, partly proper to New
Brunswick. Their positions are shown upon Wilkinson’s map of 1859. Other
settlements were established under the Labour Act of 1868 and again under the
Free Grants Act of 1879; such were Colebrook ( near Campbellton), Sunnyside,
Robertville, Millville, Saint-Isidore, Pleasant Ridge, Acadieville, Adamsville, .....’‘ The actual namer of our community ‘still’ although narrowed down, remains in question. Just who or which official he was. There is also evidence of a request from the government of that time to name a community as such to honour AND mark the British accomplishment in New Zealand. The New Brunswick and Nova Scotia Land company did bring in many of there own workers and settled them on these tracts of land as was the New Zealand road case. They also set up Post Offices and churches along with schools to educate the workmans families. They placed their workers in charge of these establishments as a perk of sorts from the Land company Giant. Simultaneously an outflux of established settlers left this community for other more deemed, ‘’friendly areas’‘ particularly Aroostook Maine where Land and opportunities were galore. Approximately 50% of the people may have left this area beginning in 1845 onwards. Every family was affected. Eventually some came back. Before this event The area was made up almost entirely of Dutch oriented families. Today MANY of the different families have or had Dutch written Bibles as testimony to there original roots. It can be said safely that No one family may have been in part responceable for the community receiving this name. Many of the families whether by coincidence or just providence originated from the Dutch area in the Netherlands named New Zealand. Many of the families can be traced specifically to Zeeland Province, and the city of New Amsterdam which has a community named Zeeland just south of the City. Some families although Dutch or German are harder to trace. All of the families here though share a common denominator. We are all proud of our heritage and our people, AND we seek only the truth. To pass on a legacy of factual events to our children. It matters not so much how we got our name. What matters more is that we ARE the name All claims are investigated thouroughly and subsequently ruled upon. ..The Zealand Historical Society


===Early Postal Service===
===Early Postal Service===
⚫
The first official post office in the community called New Zealand was operated by Thomas Woodworth.<ref name="PostOffice">Library and Archives Canada (2006). [http://www.collectionscanada.ca/archivianet/post-offices/001001-110.01-e.php?adf=TRUE&adq%5B0%5D%5Bcol%5D=any&adq%5B0%5D%5Bq%5D=&adq%5B0%5D%5BboolOp%5D=NOT&adq%5B1%5D%5Bcol%5D=OfficeName&adq%5B1%5D%5Bq%5D=&adq%5B1%5D%5BboolOp%5D=NOT&adq%5B2%5D%5Bcol%5D=ElectoralDistrict&adq%5B2%5D%5Bq%5D=&adq%5B2%5D%5BboolOp%5D=NOT&adq%5B3%5D%5Bcol%5D=Province&adq%5B3%5D%5Bq%5D=New+Brunswick&adq%5B3%5D%5BboolOp%5D=AND&adq%5B4%5D%5Bcol%5D=Postmaster&adq%5B4%5D%5Bq%5D=BREWER&interval=24 "Post Offices and Postmasters"]. Retrieved Oct. 11, 2006.</ref> He operated this former way office from July 1, [[1868]], until his resignation on October 24, [[1871]]. Newly married Darius E. Brewer<ref name=PostOffice/> took over, continuing the post office duties until 1885. Rev. Peter O. Rees<ref name=PostOffice/> took over from Mr. Brewer on August 1, [[1885]], as the new name for the post office changed from New Zealand to Zealand Station. Mr. Rees maintained this position until April 4, [[1899]]. The final change came in [[1961]], after several postmasters, when the post office name was officially shortened to Zealand.

⚫
The first official post office in the community called New Zealand was operated by Thomas Woodworth.[10] He operated this former way office from July 1, 1868, until his resignation on October 24, 1871. Newly married Darius E. Brewer[10] took over, continuing the post office duties until 1885. Rev. Peter O. Rees[10] took over from Mr. Brewer on August 1, 1885, as the new name for the post office changed from New Zealand to Zealand Station. Mr. Rees maintained this position until April 4, 1899. The final change came in 1961, after several postmasters, when the post office name was officially shortened to Zealand.


===Early Railroad===
===Early Railroad===
Keswick Valley's [[New Brunswick Railway |Gibson Railway Line]] (New Brunswick Railway) was commissioned in [[1870]].<ref name= NBRailway >University of New Brunswick (2004). [http://www.lib.unb.ca/archives/ketchum/nb_railway.html New Brunswick Railway ]. Retrieved Oct. 12, 2006.</ref> The section of the railway that came through New Zealand was completed in [[1873]].<ref name=NBRailway/> The system was initially built to narrow gauge, however this was changed to standard gauge in the [[1880's]]. Railroad stations became established as access points to the local communities. Sometimes these community access points were quite a distance from the established community centers. Cardigan Station, at what is now called [[Burtts Corner, New Brunswick |Burtts Corner]], was established from the influence of the nearby Cardigan Settlement some 16 kilometers away. Next Lawrence Station was established, followed by Zealand Station. Continuing in a northwestwardly direction were Burnside Station, Burt Lake Station, Millville Station, etc., all the way to New Burg Station just above [[Woodstock, New Brunswick |Woodstock]].
Keswick Valley's [[New Brunswick Railway |Gibson Railway Line]] (New Brunswick Railway) was commissioned in [[1870]].<ref name="NBRailway">University of New Brunswick (2004). [http://www.lib.unb.ca/archives/ketchum/nb_railway.html "New Brunswick Railway"]. Retrieved Oct. 12, 2006.</ref> The section of the railway that came through New Zealand was completed in [[1873]].<ref name=NBRailway/> The system was initially built to narrow gauge, however this was changed to standard gauge in the [[1880's]]. Railroad stations became established as access points to the local communities. Sometimes these community access points were quite a distance from the established community centers. Cardigan Station, at what is now called [[Burtts Corner, New Brunswick |Burtts Corner]], was established from the influence of the nearby Cardigan Settlement some 16 kilometers away. Next Lawrence Station was established, followed by Zealand Station. Continuing in a northwestwardly direction were Burnside Station, Burt Lake Station, Millville Station, etc., all the way to New Burg Station just above [[Woodstock, New Brunswick |Woodstock]].

⚫
The foot of the New Zealand community was about one half kilometer from the railroad station that served it.<ref name=Philip1/> The locals that worked for the Gibson Railway line as section men named the access point, ''The Zealand Station''. This was readily accepted by the railway. Immediately the center of the community started shifting toward the economic and social center growing around the railroad station, and in short order the community became known as '''Zealand Station'''. After 1961, and with the dwindling influence of the railroad, the community name became more widely accepted as '''Zealand'''.


⚫
The center of the New Zealand community was about one kilometer from the railroad station that served it.<ref name=Philip1/> The locals that worked for the Gibson Railway line as section men named the access point, ''The Zealand Station''. This was readily accepted by the railway. Immediately the center of the community started shifting toward the economic and social center growing around the railroad station, and in short order the community became known as '''Zealand Station'''. After 1961, and with the dwindling influence of the railroad, the community name became more widely accepted as '''Zealand'''.
Retrieved Oct 16 2006 11:48 AM
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==Community==
==Community==

Revision as of 04:21, 18 October 2006

To meet Wikipedia's quality standards, this article may require cleanup. Please discuss this issue on the talk page (click discussion tab at the top of this article).

For other uses of "Zealand", see Zealand (disambiguation).

Zealand is a small unincorporated town in York County, New Brunswick, Canada. It is located on the Keswick River, a tributary of the St. John River, between the towns of Burtts Corner and Millville.

Zealand, New Brunswick (looking north), 1983.

History

Loyalist Philip Crouse came to New Brunswick in November 1789[1][2] and settled in the Keswick Valley, eleven kilometers from the mouth of the Keswick River. There he obtained a four hundred acre land grant from the British Crown.[3] In 1831 Philip’s son, Gould Crouse[4], purchased from his father two hundred of those acres. Gould named the area New Zealand (sometimes referred to as New Zealand Settlement[5][6][7]) after the birth place of his father in Zeeland[8][9], a southern province of the Netherlands. Other Dutch settlers of Keswick Valley included the surnames Alieen (Allen), Brouwer (Brewer), Jansen (Hanson), Jurkse (Yerxa) and Lauren (Lawrence), just to name a few. The area where Philip Crouse lived was sometimes referred to informally as the Hanson Settlement area by some locals, until the mid 1870's.[citation needed]

Early Postal Service

The first official post office in the community called New Zealand was operated by Thomas Woodworth.[10] He operated this former way office from July 1, 1868, until his resignation on October 24, 1871. Newly married Darius E. Brewer[10] took over, continuing the post office duties until 1885. Rev. Peter O. Rees[10] took over from Mr. Brewer on August 1, 1885, as the new name for the post office changed from New Zealand to Zealand Station. Mr. Rees maintained this position until April 4, 1899. The final change came in 1961, after several postmasters, when the post office name was officially shortened to Zealand.

Early Railroad

Keswick Valley's Gibson Railway Line (New Brunswick Railway) was commissioned in 1870.[11] The section of the railway that came through New Zealand was completed in 1873.[11] The system was initially built to narrow gauge, however this was changed to standard gauge in the 1880's. Railroad stations became established as access points to the local communities. Sometimes these community access points were quite a distance from the established community centers. Cardigan Station, at what is now called Burtts Corner, was established from the influence of the nearby Cardigan Settlement some 16 kilometers away. Next Lawrence Station was established, followed by Zealand Station. Continuing in a northwestwardly direction were Burnside Station, Burt Lake Station, Millville Station, etc., all the way to New Burg Station just above Woodstock.

The center of the New Zealand community was about one kilometer from the railroad station that served it.[1] The locals that worked for the Gibson Railway line as section men named the access point, The Zealand Station. This was readily accepted by the railway. Immediately the center of the community started shifting toward the economic and social center growing around the railroad station, and in short order the community became known as Zealand Station. After 1961, and with the dwindling influence of the railroad, the community name became more widely accepted as Zealand.

Community

Today multiple sand and gravel as well as cement companies have the community's natural resources as the backbone of their thriving industries. One of the highest skilled labour forces per capita makes its home here as well as a thriving outdoor enthusiasts' paradise reign supreme. The cleanest river system in the province as well as a sportsman's haven await all who visit this friendly and well managed area. Zealand was the first rural community in the province to be totally wired for high speed Internet. Also, the first piece of the Trans Canada Trail system in Canada, completed in the 1990's, runs through the community. Several churches and companies call this wonderful community home. A proud history indeed to a prouder future.

References

  1. ^ a b Crouse, R. "Crouse Family History, Second Edition" Rogue Publishing, 2000.
  2. ^ "Land Petitions: Original Series 1783-1918" Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, RS108.
  3. ^ "Philip Crouse 1811 Crown Land Grant" Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, RS686, Vol. E, No. 589.
  4. ^ Simon, John “ACTS of the General Assembly of Her Majesty's Province of NEW BRUNSWICK” Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, 1840.
  5. ^ "Journal of the House of Assembly of the Province of New Brunswick", February 24, 1853, page 292.
  6. ^ "Journal of the House of Assembly of the Province of New Brunswick", February 9, 1854 - May 1, 1854, page 365.
  7. ^ "Journal of the House of Assembly of the Province of New Brunswick", October 19, 1854 - November 3, 1854, page 321.
  8. ^ “Geographical Names of Canada" Natural Resources Canada, 2006.
  9. ^ Fellows, Robert F. “Community Place Names in New Brunswick, Canada.", 1998, page 274.
  10. ^ a b c Library and Archives Canada (2006). "Post Offices and Postmasters". Retrieved Oct. 11, 2006.
  11. ^ a b University of New Brunswick (2004). "New Brunswick Railway". Retrieved Oct. 12, 2006.

Bibliography

  • Tracy, John C. “John C. Tracy Book” Provincial Archives of New Brunswick, 1927-1932.
  • 1851, 1861, 1881, 1891, 1901 and 1911 Douglas and Bright Parish Census Records.
  • Zealand Historical Society, Holdings, Zealand, New Brunswick, Canada.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zealand,_New_Brunswick&oldid=82146215"