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To Tell the Truth

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To Tell the Truth is also the title of Charles Robert Jenkins' autobiography.
To Tell the Truth
File:Tttt.jpg
Show logo, 1973-78
Created byBob Stewart, for Mark Goodson-Bill Todman Productions
StarringBud Collyer (host, 1956-68)
Garry Moore (host, 1969-77)
Joe Garagiola (host, 1977-78)
Robin Ward (host, 1980-81)
Gordon Elliott (host, 1990)
Lynn Swann (host, 1990-91)
Alex Trebek (host, 1991)
John O'Hurley (host, 2000-02)
Numerous regular panelists (see article)
Country of origin United States
Production
Running time30 minutes with commercials
Original release
NetworkCBS, Syndicated, NBC
Release1956 –
2002

To Tell the Truth is an American television game show created by Bob Stewart[1] and produced by Goodson-Todman Productions that has been aired intermittently in various formats since 1956.

Gameplay

The basic premise of the show consists of a panel of four celebrities correctly uncovering a contestant's identity from a choice of three possibilities. One of the contestants normally holds an unusual occupation (a premise similar to the show's sister, What's My Line?) or has done something noteworthy, and it is this person that the panel must attempt to identify. Each of the three contestants claims to be this person, and are interrogated in turn by the panel who will then vote as to who they think is telling the truth. However, if one of the panel actually knows the guest, then they would abstain from voting, which would automatically count as an incorrect vote for the panel.

Once the votes have been cast, the host asks "Will the real [person's name], please stand up?" The truthful contestant stands, often after some brief playful feinting and false starts among all three guests, and the other two then reveal their proper identity. Prize money is awarded to the contestants based on how many incorrect votes were placed by the panel; the more successfully the contestants bluff, the larger their final cash award.

History

First edition (1956–1968, CBS)

To Tell the Truth, premiered on Tuesday, December 18, 1956 on CBS in prime time as Nothing But the Truth, but changed its name to To Tell the Truth the following week.[2] A daytime five-day-per-week edition was introduced on Monday, June 18, 1962, running at 3 p.m. Eastern, and 2 p.m. Central.

Bud Collyer was the host of this version; major panelists by the 1960s included Tom Poston, Peggy Cass, Orson Bean, and Kitty Carlisle. Earlier regular panelists had included Johnny Carson, Polly Bergen, Jayne Meadows, Don Ameche, columnist Hy Gardner, Dick Van Dyke, John Cameron Swayze, and Ralph Bellamy.

File:Totellthetruth.jpg
The title card from the 1956-1968 edition.

The daytime show featured a separate panel its first three years with actress Phyllis Newman as the only regular. However, the evening panel took over the afternoon show in 1965, and in early 1968, Bert Convy replaced Poston in the first chair. In the prime time version, three panel games were played per show; the producers reduced it to two games on the daytime version. Each incorrect guess from the panel paid the challengers $250 on the prime time run, for a possible $1000. But if the entire panel was correct, the challengers split $150. A design element in the set of this series is that the challengers were introduced from an upper level stage directly above and behind the host's desk, and then traveled down a curved staircase to the main stage level.

File:Panelcollyer.jpg
The panelists in a color episode.

On the CBS daytime run, each wrong vote paid the team $100. During the show's final year and a half, the studio audience also voted, with the majority vote counting equally with that of each of the celebrity panelists. If two or all three challengers tied for highest vote from the audience, that counted as an incorrect vote and a guaranteed $100 for the contestants.[3]

File:Challengerscollyer.jpg
Three challengers, with the audience' and panel's votes.

Bern Bennett, Collyer's announcer on Beat the Clock, was the lead voice of To Tell the Truth in the 1950s. Upon Bennett's transfer to CBS' Los Angeles studios, Johnny Olson joined the show in 1960 and remained through the end of its CBS runs. Other CBS staff announcers filled in as the show's voices during various times.

On 05/25/67 and 05/26/67, during one of Collyer's absences from the show, the guest host was packager Mark Goodson himself.[4][5] Robert Q. Lewis, a comedian and game show host as well, also hosted in place of Collyer, often in the 60's being the one asked to sub-host in the place of Bud when Bud was ill or on vacation.[6][7] Lewis substituted during Collyer's extended illness from May through July of 1967, beginning with the episode following the two Mark Goodson hosted shows.One episode during this stretch, from the nighttime edition, is one of the few from the CBS run preserved on color videotape. This is as opposed to kinescope, which at the time was still being used to record television shows.

Second edition (1969–1978, syndicated)

File:Garrymoore.jpg
Host Garry Moore.

This first version of the show was cancelled on September 6, 1968, but returned only a year later, in autumn of 1969, in first-run syndication. G-T experienced success the previous season with relaunching What's My Line? as an off-network daily feature for local stations, so the company tried emulating that approach with To Tell the Truth; it too reaped great success for the packager, who would lose all its network shows, daytime and primetime, during the 1969-1970 season. During the early years of its run, the syndicated Truth would become a highly-rated component of stations' early-evening schedules after the Federal Communications Commission imposed the Prime Time Access Rule in 1971, opening up at least a half hour (a full hour, usually, on Eastern Time Zone stations) to fill with non-network fare between either the local or network evening newscast and the start of the network's primetime schedule for the evening. Still other stations found success running the program in place of a daytime network game or soap opera, or in the afternoon "fringe" time period between the end of network daytime programming at 4:30/3:30 Central and the evening newscasts.

Based again in New York, To Tell The Truth was videotaped at CBS-TV Studio 50 (later known as the Ed Sullivan Theater), until 1971, when it moved to the NBC studios in Rockefeller Center. To Tell The Truth had moved to Studio 50 late in its CBS network run after having been based at CBS-TV Studio 52, now the disco-theatre, Studio 54.

File:Ttttpanel.jpg
Nipsey Russell, Peggy Cass, Bill Cullen and Kitty Carlisle from the 1969-78 version.

Garry Moore, formerly host of Truth's sister show I've Got a Secret, hosted until 1977. Regular panelists included Orson Bean during the first year, Peggy Cass, Kitty Carlisle and Bill Cullen, who substituted for Moore when needed.[8] In fact, Garry Moore often took vacations in the middle of a few of the seasons. Bill Cullen was always the person in charge of substituting for Moore. Kitty Carlisle switched places with Garry for one game in an episode, while Peggy Cass and Bill Cullen switched places during an episode that Bill subbed.

Many of the earlier regulars appeared, including Tom Poston and Bert Convy. Other quiz-show hosts, including Tom Kennedy, Kennedy's brother Jack Narz, Hugh Downs, Allen Ludden, Gene Wood, Joe Garagiola, and Goodson-Todman stalwarts Larry Blyden and Gene Rayburn appeared as occasional guest panelists. Cullen, Rayburn, and Garagiola were all interviewer or presenters on the NBC radio show Monitor at the time, and Downs was on The Today Show.

Each incorrect vote in this version was worth $50 to the challengers. Fooling the entire panel won the challengers a total of $500.

File:Franktttt.jpg
Three contestants.

In late 1976, Moore was diagnosed with throat cancer. His place was taken originally by Bill Cullen. However, Mark Goodson noted how Bill Cullen being the host and not a panelist hurt the chemistry he had with Cass and Carlisle. Joe Garagiola was then hired and took over on an interim basis, stating that he was "pinch-hitting" for Moore.[9] At the beginning of the 1977–1978 season, Moore appeared for one final time to explain his sudden absence, banter with the panel after the first game and to formally hand the show over permanently to Garagiola. Moore's introduction that day prompted a loud applause and standing ovation.[10][11] After this episode, Garagiola hosted the program for the remaining season of its run.

File:Joegaragiolatttt.jpg
Joe Garagiola took the place of Garry Moore in the 1977-78 season.

While there were two panel games per episode, fans and critics widely praised the 1969-1978 version for two reasons: the use of a live demonstration or video to illustrate the story after many of the games, and for the warm panel banter during and after games.

Johnny Olson, the show's lead announcer in the 1960s CBS run, stayed with To Tell the Truth when it moved to syndication. He left in 1972, when G-T appointed him announcer of the revivals of The Price Is Right and I've Got a Secret (which both shot in Los Angeles). NBC staff announcer Bill Wendell replaced Olson until 1977; Alan Kalter took over during the final season.

To Tell The Truth used three distinctive sets throughout its nine-year syndicated run. The first set, which was designed by Ted Cooper, dubbed by some as the "psychedelic" set, recycling the one man on the door, was used from 1969 to 1971; a toned-down set was used from 1971 through early 1973, two additional men were added on that door. The longest-lived set — a blue-hued, gold-accented, block-motif set sporting the show's name in large block letters — was used for the remainder of the run. The doors on the final set bore a strong resemblance to the sliding doors on The Price is Right.

File:Larryvote.jpg
Larry Blyden votes in an episode from 1975.

1,715 episodes of this version had been produced by the time the show's final syndicated season ended in September 1978. Because this version of the show was syndicated, markets that added the series after its 1969 release often opted to carry the show for another season or two in order to catch up on the episodes that had not aired in their viewing area. This meant Truth was seen on some smaller stations up until the end of the decade, a fact that may have influenced Goodson, whom by now was working without the late Bill Todman, to revive it again, much as Ralph Edwards had done with Truth or Consequences in 1977 in response to the continuing popularity of episodes hosted by Bob Barker.

During the final season with Garagiola, fancy wipes were used for the open, close and commercial bumpers, as well as canned applause and a music cue called "Brioche" (which would later be used as a prize cue on The Price is Right). The microphones in the audience were turned on so that the viewers at home could hear the audience chattering over who they thought was the real person.[10]

The show was first released to local stations on September 8, 1969, a date with a sad coincidence: original host Bud Collyer died that day at the age of 61 from emphesyma.[12]

Third edition (1980–1981, syndicated)

File:Truth32.jpg
The title card for the 1980-1981 edition.

With the Moore/Garagiola episodes still running in smaller markets, Mark Goodson, now working alone since the death of his longtime partner, interpreted their popularity as a demand for a revival. Thus, To Tell the Truth returned for a one-year run, from September 8, 1980 to September 11, 1981, with Canadian game show host Robin Ward emceeing. Each wrong vote paid the challengers $100. $500 was awarded for fooling the entire panel.

File:Robinward.jpg
Host Robin Ward.

Some fans disliked this version because the level of panel banter was decreased in favor of more game play.[13] In addition to the two regular panel games, a minigame called "One on One" was added to the program. In the "One on One" segment, the four impostors from the previous two games returned. One fact about one of them was purposely withheld from the panel in their previous introductions. After revealing that information, each of the panelists questioned the impostor directly across from them. After 20 seconds, the panelist was asked if that person was the one to whom the fact applied. An incorrect vote was worth $100 and a full stump was worth $500 to be split among the four people participating in the segment.

File:Oneonone.jpg
The One on One game in progress.

This version was also known for its "disco-like" set and music. It had no regular panel, though Cullen, Cass, Carlisle, Soupy Sales, Dick Clark, and others showed up occasionally. Alan Kalter, who was the off-camera voice of the show late in the Moore-Garagiola run, was its main announcer. Recorded at Studio 6A of NBC's Rockefeller Center, this version of To Tell The Truth (along with the concurrent The $50,000 Pyramid) was the last New York City-based game show to air on broadcast television, as opposed to cable, until Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? in 1999 on ABC-TV.

File:Challengersward.jpg
Challengers on the Ward version.

Negative factors such as the decreased interaction among the panelists, the absence of fixtures like Carlisle, Cass, and Cullen on most episodes, and a host unknown previously to American audiences (Ward) inhibited the show from getting many stations, and To Tell the Truth disappeared quietly after one season, not to return again for nearly a decade.

Fourth edition (1990–1991, NBC)

File:Truth35.jpg
The set for the 1990-1991 edition.

To Tell The Truth returned yet again, lasting from September 3, 1990 to May 31, 1991 with Gordon Elliott, former football player Lynn Swann, and then finally Alex Trebek of Jeopardy! in the host's seat. The reason for all of these changes was because Elliott was fired eight weeks into the run due to a contract dispute with his former employers. Because of this dispute, Elliott could not appear on television for some time, which ended when he hosted a talk show almost four years later. Swann, a former football player for the Pittsburgh Steelers had formerly been a panelist and took over as host in the interim. After 14 weeks as emcee, due to scheduling conflicts with his job as an ABC Sports commentator, Swann was replaced at the helm by the producers of the show with Trebek.[14]

File:Gordontttt.jpg
The first host of the 90's version of To Tell the Truth, Gordon Elliott.

Besides Swann, the celebrity panelists for To Tell the Truth during this period included Carlisle and other stalwarts. Also serving were former Miss America Mary Ann Mobley, columnist Cindy Adams, actor Ron Masak, actress Betty White, producer David Niven Jr. (son of David Niven), actress Polly Bergen, attorney Gloria Allred, TV personality Sarah Purcell, and actor Tom Villard. The panelists were introduced in twos with the male panelists escorting the female panelists down the staircase.

There are two more hosting oddities related to this show. On the first day of the show's run, NBC inadvertently aired the pilot episode of the show which was hosted by actor Richard Kline in the East Coast feed only.[15][16] The second oddity occurred during Trebek's run as host when his wife went into labor just before airtime. So Mark Goodson guest hosted two shows, in a role similar to when Bud Collyer himself was ill in the original run.[4][17] This would be Goodson's final appearance on the show before his death in 1992.

Hosting To Tell The Truth made Trebek the first and only person to host three national American game shows simultaneously, as he was also hosting Classic Concentration on NBC and Jeopardy! in syndication.

Fooling the whole panel won the challengers $3,000. Three wrong votes won $1,500, while any less than that awarded $1000.

File:Panel-1.jpg
A panel from the Christmas episode.

Two games were played followed by a reworked "One on One" feature. In this version of the game, one additional contestant presented two stories, of which only one was correct. Each panelist asked one question of the person on each story. After this was completed, a selected member of the audience, introduced by Richardson or O'Donnell, tried to guess which story was true. If they were correct they won $500, otherwise the contestant gets $1000 for stumping that audience member. Occasionally, celebrities whose faces were not well known would attempt to stump the audience during this part of the game. For example, Hank Ketcham, creator of Dennis The Menace, almost but unsuccessfully tried during one episode to convince an audience member that he was really the songwriter to Rudolph the Red Nosed Reindeer.[18]

The show could be considered more "retro" than the 1980 edition: octogenarian Carlisle appeared more often than anyone else and old regulars Bean, Bergen, Cass and others made frequent appearances. By the end of the run, Masak and Bean alternated at the downstage end of the panel desk, with Carlisle regularly in the upstage seat. Additionally, the show's theme music was an orchestral remix of the 1969–78 theme (minus the lyrics), and the show utilized the block-letter logo from 1973–78.

To Tell the Truth, after spending many years originating from New York, originated for the first time from NBC Studios in Burbank, California. Burton Richardson was its main announcer; however, Charlie O'Donnell also sub-announced for Richardson on occasion.

Fifth edition (2000–2002, syndicated)

File:Truth49.jpg
The opening title from the 2000-2002 edition.

The show then had a two-year run in syndication starting in 2000 with John O'Hurley as the host, and Burton Richardson returning as the announcer.

Comedian Paula Poundstone and actor Meshach Taylor were regulars both seasons on this edition. Kim Coles, Brad Sherwood, and Brooke Burns joined the panel as semi-regulars for season two. Richardson, the off-camera voice of the NBC edition, returned as the regular announcer for the two-year run. The series was produced in Burbank at the NBC Studios.

Notable guest panelists on this edition include Dave Coulier, Patrick Duffy, Jackée Harry, Kermit the Frog, Richard Kind, Greg Proops, and for one episode, Kitty Carlisle, who had appeared on the show in six consecutive decades.[19]

As on the CBS daytime run, the studio audience voted. Each wrong vote awarded the challengers $1,000 meaning that $5,000 could be split by the challengers for fooling the panel. In the first few weeks of the series, stumping the entire panel, including the audience, won the challengers $10,000.

According to Steve Beverly's tvgameshows.net, this edition of Truth never got above a 1.8 in the Nielsen ratings. It was cancelled in late 2001, only 65 episodes into its second season. However, repeats continued to air through the summer of 2002.[20] Reruns began running on GSN on July 18, 2007

Theme music and set

Metropole Orchestra leader Dolf van der Linden composed the original series theme, "Peter Pan", used from 1956–1961. From 1961–1967, the show switched to a Bob Cobert-penned theme, with a beat similar to "Peter Pan", then to a Score Productions anthem during its final CBS daytime season. For the 1969, 1980, and 1990 versions, the music was again composed by Score Productions. Gary Stockdale supplied the score for the 2000 edition.

The 1969 version is known by many for its original psychedelic set and its lyrical theme song, penned by Score Productions chief Bob Israel and To Tell the Truth producer Paul Alter; the psychedelia was toned down somewhat in 1971, and replaced altogether with a more conservative, but decidedly modernistic, blue-toned set in early 1973. However, the lyrics—much in the style of British Invasion bands of the day—remained throughout the run. The 1990 score was an orchestral rendition of the 1969 theme sans the lyrics.

Famous contestants

Several people who would go on to fame appeared on the various incarnations of this show:

  • Frank Abagnale, Jr. - He appeared on the show years after he had given up his con artistry. The biopic based on his life, Catch Me If You Can opens with his appearance on the show, with actors (Leonardo DiCaprio playing Abagnale) taking the place of the contestants. Footage of panelist Carlisle and host Garagiola from the original To Tell the Truth is used.[21]
  • Sissy Biggers - When she was 16 years old, she was one of the impostors on a 1973 show in which she was pretending to be a baton twirling magician named Abbey Lee Green. When she became an adult she later hosted her own talk show alongside veteran game show host Marc Summers on The Lifetime Television Network called Biggers & Summers. Then beginning in 1996 she replaced Robin Young and became host of Ready.. Set... Cook! (the US version of Ready Steady Cook) on the Food Network.[21]
  • John E. DuPont - the heir to the DuPont fortune, appeared on a 1966 broadcast. He was training in the sport of modern pentathalon and was hoping to make the 1968 Olympic team that was to compete in Mexico City. He later would gain infamy for murdering Olympic wrestling champion Dave Schultz.[21]
  • Teenage track athlete Mary Decker appeared on the show in the 1970s, on an episode in which her coach was a contestant; she would go on to famously collide with Zola Budd in the women's 3000m race at the 1984 Summer Olympics.[21]
  • Figure-skater Peggy Fleming, track star Wilma Rudolph and baseball player Don Drysdale also appeared as contestants in the Bud Collyer era.[21]
  • Rock and Roll impresario and deejay Alan Freed was correctly guessed by two of the panelists, including Polly Bergen, in a 1950s episode hosted by Bud Collyer.[21]
  • Also during the Bud Collyer era, the panel had to determine who was the real Richard Heermance, an actor who was also Collyer's brother. In another episode, Collyer's son, Michael, appeared as an impostor.
  • American popcorn promoter and guru Orville Redenbacher was first seen on national T.V. in 1973, long before his signature commercial appearances as himself promoting his gourmet kernels. Redenbacher appeared on an episode of the show and he stumped the panelists: Kitty Carlisle, Bill Cullen, Joe Garagiola, and Peggy Cass, all of whom were shown eating and enjoying samples of Redenbacher's then-"new" novelty popcorn flavors including "chili," and "bar-b-que."[9][21][22]
  • A New York detective named Richard Buggy, known for working the city streets in various disguises, appeared on the show in 1974, with each of the 3 challengers dressed accordingly. At the end of the game, after Buggy's identity had been revealed, the two imposters did the same; they were revealed to be Kitty Carlisle's son Chris Hart and Joe Garagiola's son Joe Junior.[21]
  • West Virginia governor Cecil Underwood was To Tell The Truth's first "Truth Teller" in 1956. He was the youngest person ever elected governor in West Virginia. He would go on to be not only the oldest person elected governor in West Virginia in 1997, but the oldest person ever to be elected governor of any state in US history.[21]
  • Actress Catherine Bell appeared as an imposter on the 1990-91 version, ironically pretending to be a movie body double. She would actually become a body double in 1992.[21]
  • Actress Ally Sheedy appeared in a Moore episode from 1975 when she was twelve years old, in a story about a book that she wrote. The book was titled She Was Nice to Mice, and later on became a best-seller. This was well before she became famous as an actress. Sheedy later on even became a panelist for a few episodes.[23][24]
  • Rosa Parks appeared in an episode of the Robin Ward version in 1980, with the three panelists being stumped by her (Nipsey Russell, the fourth panelist, knew who she was and disqualified himself).
  • Some celebrities have dressed up as imposters. Soupy Sales[23], Bill Todman, Tom Poston, Nipsey Russell, Gene Rayburn, Larry Blyden, Wally Bruner, Christopher Hewett and Rip Taylor all dressed up in costumes to try and fool the panel.[23]
  • Famous cartoonists Chuck Jones, William Hanna, and Garry Trudeau appeared with other imposters in episodes from 1980, 1975, and 1971 respectively. In the episode with William Hanna, a person in a Yogi Bear costume picked out Bill, and Daws Butler provided the voice of Yogi Bear as Yogi introduced the panel in a cartoon.[23]

Legacy

To Tell the Truth is the most enduring of the panel-based Goodson-Todman game shows—the type also exemplified by What's My Line? and I've Got A Secret—having been in active production at least once in every decade since the 1950s. The only other game show that can claim this distinction is The Price is Right. The next three longest-running US game show format to have been produced in consecutive decades are Let's Make a Deal, starting in 1963, Jeopardy!, from 1964, and The Hollywood Squares from 1966. It has been seen first-run either on network television or in syndication a total of 25 seasons, just exceeding the 24 of What's My Line? and outpacing the 20 of I've Got A Secret.

To Tell the Truth's place in American culture is such that the show's famous catch phrase "Will the real [name] please stand up?" became a well-known and frequently used cliché, often in a humorous context when someone's identity was in question. Almost as famous is the line used by the announcer to begin each game: "Number One, what is your name, please?"

Saturday Night Live had a parody of the 1980-81 version (using the actual theme) with three people who claim to be George Kennedy. The show would be interrupted when a camera shorted out. [25]

Prince, in his 1992 song My Name Is Prince, uses the lyric "To Tell The Truth, tell me What's My Line.".[26]

Episode status

Only a handful of shows remain from the CBS daytime series' first three years due to a then-common practice known as wiping. Many daytime episodes from 1965 to 1968 exist, including the color finale. Most of the nighttime run exists of the Collyer series, along with a few color kinescope episodes.[27] The bulk of the Moore/Garagiola version is intact, as is the Robin Ward version, the 1990-1991 edition, and the 2000-2002 series. The Game Show Network has aired all of the versions through 1991, and began airing the O'Hurley series on July 18, 2007.[20]

Notes and references

  1. ^ "Game Show Congress" Retrieved 4 August 2007.
  2. ^ "Nothing But the Truth" Retrieved 30 June 2007.
  3. ^ "The TTTT audience game" Retrieved 30 June 2007.
  4. ^ a b "List of U.S. Game Shows" Retrieved 7 July 2007.
  5. ^ "To Tell the Truth". 1967. CBS. {{cite episode}}: Missing or empty |series= (help)
  6. ^ "To Tell the Truth". 1965. CBS. {{cite episode}}: Missing or empty |series= (help)
  7. ^ According to kinescopes.com/TTTT_pm.html, Robert subbed on 2/11/60, and from 2/24/64 to 3/2/64, 1/25/65 to 2/15/65, and from 2/4/1966 to 2/18/1966.
  8. ^ "Hosts who played their own game" Retrieved 30 June 2007.
  9. ^ a b "Number 1...No wait, it's number 2!...No, Number 3, definitely!...No, wait..." Retrieved 1 July 2007.
  10. ^ a b "To Tell the Truth 1977-78" Retrieved 30 June 2007. Cite error: The named reference "TTTT" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  11. ^ "To Tell the Truth". 1977. Syndication. {{cite episode}}: Missing or empty |series= (help)
  12. ^ "The First Game Show Superstar.....BUD COLLYER!" Retrieved 5 July 2007.
  13. ^ "To Tell the Truth 1980" Retrieved 30 June 2007.
  14. ^ "To Tell the Truth". 1991-02. NBC. {{cite episode}}: Check date values in: |airdate= (help); Missing or empty |series= (help)
  15. ^ "To Tell the Truth tribute: 1990-91" Retrieved 30 June 2007
  16. ^ "http://www.geocities.com/Hollywood/Boulevard/5410/tttt.html" Retrieved 30 June 2007.
  17. ^ "To Tell the Truth". 1991-05. NBC. {{cite episode}}: Check date values in: |airdate= (help); Missing or empty |series= (help)
  18. ^ "To Tell the Truth". 1990-12-25. NBC. {{cite episode}}: Missing or empty |series= (help)
  19. ^ "To Tell the Truth tribute: 2000-2002" Retrieved 30 June 2007.
  20. ^ a b "TVGameshows.net Big News" Retrieved 1 July 2007.
  21. ^ a b c d e f g h i j "TTTT notables" Retrieved 30 June 2007. Cite error: The named reference "Guests" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  22. ^ "Orville Redenbacher on To Tell the Truth" Retrieved 30 June 2007.
  23. ^ a b c d "To Tell The Truth Show Notes" Retrieved 4 July 2007.
  24. ^ "To Tell the Truth". 1975-06-19. Syndication. {{cite episode}}: Missing or empty |series= (help)
  25. ^ "Saturday Night Live". 1981. NBC. {{cite episode}}: Missing or empty |series= (help)
  26. ^ "Prince - My Name Is Prince Lyrics" Retrieved 1 July 2007.
  27. ^ "The G-T Big 4: To Tell the Truth (CBS Nighttime)" Retrieved 3 July 2007.