List of conflicts in South America
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16th century
- 1532: Pizarro captures and ransoms the Incan ruler Atahualpa at Cajamarca.
- 1557-1575: French-Portuguese conflict over France Antarctique, a French colony in Rio de Janeiro.
- 1591: Thomas Cavendish, a British corsair, occupied Santos
- 16th c.- 19th c.: War of Arauco.
17th century
- 1612-1615: French invasion of Maranhão
- 1621-1654: Dutch occupation of Northeast Brazil, or the thirty-years war in Brazil.
- 1680-1750: Spanish-Portuguese conflict over Sacramento colony (today's Uruguay).
18th century
- 1754-1757: Spanish-Portuguese invasion of the Jesuit-sponsored "Guarani Nation"
19th century
- 1809: Portuguese invasion of French Guiana.
- 1810s and 1820s: South American Wars of Independence.
- 1810 - 1818 Argentine War of Independence
- 1810 - 1818 Chilean War of Independence
- 1811 - 1823 Venezuelan War of Independence
- 1812 - 1821 Peruvian War of Independence
- 1821 - 1825 Brazilian War of Independence
- 1820 - 1828: The Argentina-Brazil War over the status of future Uruguay occurs.
- 1828 - 1829: Gran Colombia-Peru War.
- 1829 Chilean Revolution of 1829.
- 1835-1845: Republican revolt against the Empire of Brazil is put down in the War of Tatters.
- 1836 - 1839: War of the Confederation between the Peru-Bolivian Confederation and Chile.
- 1851 - 1852: War against Oribe and Rosas
- 1859 - 1863: Federal War in Venezuela.
- 1864 - 1866: The Chincha Islands War between Spain and former colonies Peru and Chile occurs.
- 1864 - 1870: The War of the Triple Alliance occurs.
- 1879 - 1884: Bolivia and Peru fight Chile in the War of the Pacific.
- 1891 Chilean Civil War.
- 1899 – 1902: Colombian Thousand Days War.
20th century
- 1912-1916: Contestado War, a rebellion in Brazil, fails.
- 1932-1935: The Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay is fought.
- 1941: The Ecuadorian-Peruvian war occurs.
- 1947: The Colorado Party gains the upper hand in the Paraguayan Civil War.
- 1948 - 1958: La Violencia in Colombia.
- 1964-present: the Colombian Armed Conflict between the government and guerrilla insurgencies devastates the country.
- 1978: The Beagle conflict over the Beagle Channel between Argentina and Chile occurs.
- 1981: Ecuador and Peru clash again in the Paquisha Incident.
- 1981 to present, the Peruvian Armed Conflict or People's War fought between the Shining Path insurgents and the Peruvian government.
- 1982: The Falklands War occurs.
- 1995: Ecuador and Peru dispute territory in the Cenepa War.