Phenylpiracetam

Phenotropil

Clinical data
Pregnancy category	Unknown
Routes of administration	Oral
ATC code	none
Legal status
Legal status	In general: legal
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability	~100 %
Metabolism	None
Elimination half-life	3-5 hours
Excretion	Urine ~40% bile and perspiration ~60%
Identifiers
IUPAC name (RS)-2-(2-oxo-4-phenylpyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide
CAS Number	77472-70-9 Y
PubChem CID	132441
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID30868438
ECHA InfoCard	100.214.874
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C12H14N2O2
Molar mass	218.3 g/mol g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image
SMILES C1=CC=CC=C1C2CN(C(C2)=O)CC(=O)N
(verify)

Phenotropil (C₁₂H₁₄N₂O₂, 2-(4-phenyl-2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)acetamide) is a derivative of the nootropic drug (R/S)-4-pheyl-2-pyrrolidon. It was developed in Russia, and a small number of low-scale clinical studies have shown possible links between prescription of carphedon and improvement in a number of encephalopathic conditions, including lesions of cerebral blood pathways, and certain types of glioma. It is also claimed to increase physical stamina and provide improved tolerance to cold. As a result, it appears on the lists of banned substances issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency. This list is applicable in all Olympic sports. As of 27 February 2006, the most recent confirmed case of carphedon use by a professional athlete is that of Russian biathlon Olympic silver medalist Olga Pyleva in the 2006 Winter Olympics, who was disqualified from attending further events following a positive drug test. She was subsequently banned from competition for two years. It may be noteworthy that Pyleva claims that carphedon was an unlisted ingredient of a Russian medication she was prescribed by her personal doctor (not a team doctor).

In August 2008, Russian steeplechase runner Roman Usov was pulled out of the Beijing Olympics for what media reported was a possible positive test for Carphedon.

A former rider for Gerolsteiner, professional cyclist Danilo Hondo, tested positive to this banned substance in 2005.

While not widely available in the West, in Russia it is available as a prescription medicine under the brand name "Phenotropil". Packets of ten 100 mg pills are available for roughly 350 rubles (2011 price), or about 12 USD. It is typically prescribed as a general stimulant or to increase tolerance to cold and stress. Also it is often used by students, espesialy medic's, for prepearing to exam's. Bawses tend to also be amongst the users of this drug, they tend to be ballers shotcaller, and have 20inch rims on there impallas. Rack city

See also

• dipyrrolidinyl

External links

• "Super Speed" from Vice Magazine's Russian issue
• *An interview with Danilo Hondo, 15-Jun-06* from Cyclingnews

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