Pulp and paper industry
Pulp and paper industry comprised of companies that use wood as raw material and produce pulp, paper, board and other cellulose-based products.
Pulp and paper industry is dominated by North American (United States, Canada), northern European (Finland, Sweden, North-West Russia) and East Asian countries (such as China, Japan, South Korea). Australasia and Brazil also have significant pulp and paper enterprises.
The industry is criticized by environmental groups like the Natural Resources Defense Council for unsustainable deforestation and clearcutting of old-growth forest.[1] The industry trend is to expand globally to countries like Russia, China and Indonesia with low wages and low environmental oversight.[2] According to Greenpeace, farmers in Central America illegally rip up vast tracts of native forest for cattle and soybean production without any consequences[3] and companies who buy timber from private land owners contribute to massive Deforestation of the Amazon Rainforest.[4]
List of main countries by production quantity
According to statistic data by RISI, main producing countries of paper and paperboard, not including pulp, in the world are as follows [5]:
| Rank | Country | Production in 2010(1,000 ton) |
|---|---|---|
| 1 |  China |
92,599 |
| 2 |  United States |
75,849 |
| 3 |  Japan |
27,288 |
| 4 |  Germany |
23,122 |
| 5 |  Canada |
12,787 |
| 6 |  Finland |
11,789 |
| 7 |  Sweden |
11,410 |
| 8 |  South Korea |
11,120 |
| 9 |  Indonesia |
9,951 |
| 10 |  Brazil |
9,796 |
List of main company groups by production quantity
World's main paper and paperboard company groups are as follows. (Some figers are estimation.)[6]:
| Rank | Company Group | Country | Production in 2010 (1,000 ton) |
Rank by Sales |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | International Paper | United States |
11,922 | 1 |
| 2 | Stora Enso | Finland |
10,812 | 3 |
| 3 | UPM | Finland |
9,914 | 7 |
| 4 | Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget | Sweden |
8,948 | 6 |
| 5 | Smurfit Kappa Group | United States |
7,650 | 9 |
| 6 | Nippon Paper | Japan |
7,292 | 5 |
| 7 | Nine Dragons Paper | China |
7,280 | 31 |
| 8 | Sappi |  South Africa |
6,900 | 11 |
| 9 | Oji Paper | Japan |
6,861 | 4 |
| 10 | Smurfit-Stone Container | United States |
5,896 | 13 |
| 11 | Abitibi Bowater | Canada |
5,318 | 20 |
| 12 | NewPage | United States |
4,400 | 23 |
| 13 | Norske Skog |  Norway |
3,998 | 30 |
| 14 | Mondi |  United Kingdom/ South Africa |
3,697 | 10 |
| 15 | Temple-Inland | United States |
3,660 | 28 |
| 16 | Lee & Man Paper | China |
3,500 | 46 |
| 17 | Domtar | Canada |
3,482 | 15 |
| 18 | Shandong Chenming Paper Holdings | China |
3,350 | 35 |
| 19 | Cascades | Canada |
3,330 | 22 |
| 20 | Siam Cement (SCC) |  Thailand |
3,191 | 51 |
List by net sales
2007
In 2007, the top 10 forest, paper & packaging products companies were:[7]
| Rank | Company | Country | 2007 Net Sales (US$M) |
2007 Net Income (Loss) (US$M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | International Paper |  United States |
21,890 | 1,168 |
| 2 | Stora Enso | Finland |
18,322 | (291) |
| 3 | Kimberly-Clark | United States |
18,266 | 1,822 |
| 4 | SCA | Sweden |
15,675 | 1,056 |
| 5 | Weyerhaeuser | United States |
13,949 | 462 |
| 6 | UPM | Finland |
13,748 | 111 |
| 7 | Oji Paper | Japan |
10,439 | 146 |
| 8 | Metsäliitto | Finland |
10,507 | (12) |
| 9 | Nippon Unipac | Japan |
9,990 | 195 |
| 10 | Smurfit Kappa |  Ireland |
9,963 | 202 |
2008
In 2008, some orders changed:[8]
| Rank | Company | Country | 2008 Net Sales (US$M) |
2008 Net Income (Loss) (US$M) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | International Paper | United States |
24,829 | (1,282) |
| 2 | Kimberly-Clark | United States |
19,415 | 1,690 |
| 3 | SCA | Sweden |
16,965 | 857 |
| 4 | Stora Enso | Finland |
16,227 | (991) |
| 5 | UPM | Finland |
13,920 | (263) |
| 6 | Oji Paper | Japan |
12,788 | 114 |
| 7 | Nippon Unipac | Japan |
11,753 | 55 |
| 8 | Smurfit Kappa | Ireland |
10,390 | (73) |
| 9 | Metsäliitto | Finland |
9,335 | (313) |
| 10 | Mondi Group | UK/ South Africa |
9,466 | (310) |
Leading manufacturers of capital equipment for the pulp and paper industry include:
See also
- American Forest & Paper Association
- List of paper mills
- Converters (industry)
- Paper pollution
- Pulp and Paper (trade magazine)
- Pulp and paper industry in Canada
- Pulp and paper industry in Europe
- Pulp and paper industry in Japan
- Pulp and paper industry in the United States
- Roll hardness tester
- Environmental impact of paper
References
- ^ Paper Industry Laying Waste to North American Forests
- ^ A crumpling paper industry
- ^ [1]
- ^ Brazil forms 'crisis cabinet' following unexpected deforestation surge
- ^ >"Japan in The World" (in Japanese). Japan Paper Association. Retrieved 2011-12-17.
- ^ >"The PPI Top 100 - most companies in the black". RISI. Retrieved 2011-12-17.
{{cite web}}: Check|url=value (help) - ^ "Global Forest, Paper & Packaging Industry Survey: 2008 Edition – Survey of 2007 Results" (pdf). PricewaterhouseCoopers. p. 7. Retrieved 2011-02-24.
- ^ "Global Forest, Paper & Packaging Industry Survey: 2009 Edition - Survey of 2008 Results" (pdf). PricewaterhouseCoopers. p. 12. Retrieved 2011-02-24.