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List of currencies in the Americas

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There are 25 currencies currently in official use in North America. All de facto present currencies in North America are listed here, including currencies from countries which are not sovereign states or dependencies.

A commonly used North American currency is the United States dollar,[1] it is the world's reserve currency;[1] the resulting economic value of which benefits the U.S. at over $100 billion annually.[2] But by increasing the United States dollar's value, its position as a reserve currency damages United States exporters.[3][4] In international commodity markets, the United States dollar is also standard.[1] In the phenomenon known as 'dollarization', the U.S. dollar has been adopted as the official currency of several other countries.[5] Semi-dollarization exists in a few other countries where the U.S. dollar is recognised as legal tender alongside another currency, and unofficial dollarization exists in many areas where the U.S. dollar is widely used and accepted although it is not recognized as legal tender.[5]

File:Kelk i.jpg
The East Caribbean dollar reverse side

By the number of countries in North America sharing a currency, the East Caribbean dollar is most used. The East Caribbean dollar is pegged to the United States dollar, and has been for over 35 years, since 1976.[6] In 1965, the East Caribbean Currency Authority was established (coming after the British Caribbean Currency Board), to distribute currency, but The Bahamas withdrew from the organisation to create its own bank.[7] Before the East Caribbean dollar was pegged to the United States dollar, it was pegged to the Pound sterling.[6] The East Caribbean dollar is used in all seven member countries of the Organisation of Eastern Caribbean States (OECS) and Anguilla (a British overseas territory); the only OECS member using a different currency is the British Virgin Islands,[8] a British overseas territory where the U.S. dollar is the official currency.[9][10] The Eastern Caribbean Central Bank was formed in 1983.[8] Cuba and Panama both use two currencies. Cuba is attempting to gradually phase out the Cuban convertible peso, unifying the two in the Cuban peso.[11] Although there is no confirmed timescale for the reform, whilst quoting Cuban economists, Reuters gave an estimation of 18 months (from October 2013).[11] Panama uses the United States dollar informally,[12] but also uses the Panamanian balboa as legal tender.[13]

North American sovereign state currencies

List of all North American sovereign state currencies
Present currency Country or dependency (administrating country) Currency sign Fractional unit
Aruban florin[14][15]  Aruba (Netherlands) ƒ[14] Cent[16]
Bahamian dollar[17]  The Bahamas $[17] Cent[17]
Barbadian dollar (also called Bajan dollar)[18]  Barbados $[18] Cent[18][19]
Bermudian dollar[20]  Bermuda (United Kingdom) $[20] Cent[20]
Belize dollar[21]  Belize $[21] Cent[21][22]
Canadian dollar[23]  Canada $[23] Cent[23][24]
Cayman Islands dollar[25]  Cayman Islands (United Kingdom) $[25] Cent[25]
Colombian peso[26] Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina (Colombia) $[27] Cent[27]
Costa Rican colón[28]  Costa Rica ₡[28] Céntimo[28][29]
Cuban convertible peso[30]  Cuba ₱[31] Centavo[31][32]
Cuban peso[33]  Cuba CUC$[33] Cent[33]
Danish krone[34]  Greenland (Denmark) kr[34] Øre[34]
Dominican peso[35]  Dominican Republic RD$[35] Centavo[35][36]
East Caribbean dollar[37]  Antigua and Barbuda[37] $[37] Cent[37]
 Dominica[37]
 Grenada[38]
 Montserrat[37] (United Kingdom)
 Saint Vincent and the Grenadines[37]
 Saint Kitts and Nevis[39]
 Saint Lucia[40]
Euro[41]  Guadeloupe[41] (France) €[41] Cent[41]
 Martinique[42] (France)
 Saint Barthélemy[43] (France)
 Collectivity of Saint Martin[44] (France)
 Saint Pierre and Miquelon[45] (France)
Guatemalan quetzal[46]  Guatemala Q[46] Centavo[46][47]
Haitian gourde[48]  Haiti G[48] Centime[48][49]
Honduran lempira[50]  Honduras L[50] Centavo[50][51]
Jamaican dollar[52]  Jamaica J$[52] Cent[52][53]
Mexican peso[54]  Mexico $[54] Cent[54][55]
Netherlands Antillean guilder[56]  Curaçao[56] (Netherlands) ƒ[57] Cent[58]
 Sint Maarten[59] (Netherlands)
Nicaraguan córdoba[60]  Nicaragua C$[60] Centavo[60][61]
Panamanian balboa[62]  Panama B/.[62] Centésimo[13]
Trinidad and Tobago dollar[63]  Trinidad and Tobago TT$[63] Cent[63][64]
United States dollar[65]  Bonaire[66] (Netherlands) $[65] Cent[65][67]
 El Salvador[65]
 Panama[65]
 Puerto Rico[65] (United States of America)
 Turks and Caicos Islands (United Kingdom)
 Saba[68] (Netherlands)
 Sint Eustatius[69] (Netherlands)
 United States of America[65]
 United States Virgin Islands[65] (United States of America)

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c "USD – US Dollar". Currencies Direct. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  2. ^ Rogoff, Kenneth (October 2013). "America's Endless Budget Battle". Project Syndicate.
  3. ^ "America's 'Exorbitant' Privilege Will Continue". Retrieved 3 September 2013.
  4. ^ "The rise and fall of the dollar Go with the flows". The Economist. 22 January 2011. Retrieved 3 September 2013.
  5. ^ a b "The U.S. Dollar's Unofficial Status as World Currency". Investopedia. 12 April 2010. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  6. ^ a b "ECCU commemorates 34th Anniversary of EC dollar pegged to the US dollar". Dominica News Online. 8 July 2010. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  7. ^ "The EC Currency and the ECCB". EECB. Retrieved 2 May 2014.
  8. ^ a b "East Caribbean Dollar". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  9. ^ "Money in Virgin Islands". Frommer's. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  10. ^ "Virgin Islands (British) Customs, Currency & Airport Tax regulations details". TravelCentre. International Air Transport Association. Retrieved January 10, 2014.
  11. ^ a b "Cuba to scrap two-currency system in latest reform". BBC. 22 October 2013. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  12. ^ Muscatelli, Anton (1 April 2014). "A currency union would be best for all of Britain". Financial Times. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  13. ^ a b "Panamanian Balboa". Oanda. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  14. ^ a b "AWG - Aruban or Dutch Guilder". Xe. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  15. ^ "Banknotes and Coins". Central Bank of Arubia. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  16. ^ Linzmayer, Owen (26 April 2011). "Aruba". The Banknote Book (1st ed.). San Francisco. p. 7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date and year (link) CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  17. ^ a b c "BSD - Bahamian Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  18. ^ a b c "BBD - Barbadian or Bajan Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  19. ^ "Barbados Dollar". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  20. ^ a b c "BMD - Bermudian Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  21. ^ a b c "BZD - Belizean Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  22. ^ "Belize Dollar". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  23. ^ a b c "CAD - Canadian Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  24. ^ "Canadian Dollar". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  25. ^ a b c "KYD - Caymanian Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 8 April 2014.
  26. ^ "A hotel on San Andres Islands (Colombia)". Hotel Bahia Sardinia. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  27. ^ a b "COP - Colombian Peso". Xe. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  28. ^ a b c "CRC - Costa Rican Colon". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  29. ^ "Costa Rican Colon". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  30. ^ "Cuba: Money Exchange". TripAdvisor. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  31. ^ a b "CUP - Cuban Peso". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  32. ^ "Cuban Convertible Peso". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  33. ^ a b c "CUC - Cuban Convertible Peso". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  34. ^ a b c "DKK - Danish Krone". Xe. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  35. ^ a b c "DOP - Dominican Peso". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  36. ^ "Dominican Peso". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  37. ^ a b c d e f g "XCD - East Caribbean Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  38. ^ Mawer, Fred (22 April 2013). "Grenada travel guide". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  39. ^ "Compare Money Transfers to Saint Kitts And Nevis". ExchangeRates.org.uk. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  40. ^ "Practical Information". Visit St Lucia. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  41. ^ a b c d "Guadeloupe Currency". Cuba Currency and Money Guide. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  42. ^ "Martinique Travel Tips". US News. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  43. ^ "Practical information for St Barts Traveler". Saint Barthélemy. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  44. ^ "Saint Martin". Traveller's Point. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  45. ^ "Practical tips". Saint Pierre et Miquelon. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  46. ^ a b c "GTQ - Guatemalan Quetzal". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  47. ^ "Guatemalan Quetzal". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  48. ^ a b c "HTG - Haitian Gourde". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  49. ^ "Haiti Gourde". CurrencyConverter.co.uk. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  50. ^ a b c "HNL - Honduran Lempira". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  51. ^ "Honduran Lempira". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  52. ^ a b c "JMD - Jamaican Dolla". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  53. ^ "Jamaican Dollar". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  54. ^ a b c "MXN - Mexican Peso". Xe Mexico. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  55. ^ "Mexican Peso". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  56. ^ a b "Curaçao Currency". Curaçao Tourist Board. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  57. ^ Linzmayer, Owen (2012). "Netherlands Antilles". The Banknote Book. San Francisco, CA: www.BanknoteNews.com.
  58. ^ "Coins". Central Bank of Curaçao and Saint Martin. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  59. ^ "St-Martin - Useful information". St Martin. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  60. ^ a b c "NIO - Nicaraguan Cordoba". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  61. ^ "Nicaraguan Cordoba Oro". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  62. ^ a b "PAB - Panamanian Balboa". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  63. ^ a b c "TTD - Trinidadian Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  64. ^ "Trinidad/Tobago Dollar". Oanda. Retrieved 2 January 2014.
  65. ^ a b c d e f g h "USD - US Dollar". Xe. Retrieved 31 December 2013.
  66. ^ "Money and Currency". Info Bonaire. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  67. ^ "United States Dollar". Oanda. Retrieved 1 January 2014.
  68. ^ "General info". Saba Tourism. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
  69. ^ "Essential Facts". Sint Eustatius. Retrieved 8 May 2014.
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