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Landi family

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The House of Landi is an ancient family royal lineage in Italy.

File:First Millennium First COA Landi.jpg
The First Landi COA of the "first millennium"
File:LandiFamilyCrestlastundivided.jpg
“Fidelity,” The last undivided "Landi Family Crest" of The Holy Roman Empire
The first Divided Coat of Arms of, "The Landi" of The Holy Roman Empire"
File:The First Landi C.O.A .of the Second Millennium.jpg
The First Landi C.O.A. of the second millennium

History

The house originated in the third century with Panfirio Landus,[1][2] a Roman Senator. The family produced two Bishops one, the bishop of Cosilinum (or Marcellianum), present at the Roman synod of 743,[3] and, and Antonio Luigi Landi, (Bishop of Shanxi[4]), China in O.F.M. (1804.11.07 – 1811.10.26) one Cardinal Francesco Landi (cardinale)[5][6][7])and one Pope Lando Family name,"Landus/Landvs" Landvs/Landi[8] {Latin spelling})[9][10][11] It was common in Vatican documentation in use the last name of Landi, Landus and Lando interchangeably, many times in the same documents. During the Dark ages when only Important families and royality had surnames the history of given families is a bit clearer.Lando I of Capua, Lando II of Capua Lando III and Lando IV of Capua are all rooted in the Lando/Landus/Landi family names. The exact geneology is still being worked out.[12] "de Landi" [The Landi] became the ruling family of Lo Stato Landi (history By Cardinal;Antonio Samorè (1983)

File:LandiLoStatoLando.jpg
102 Castles/Cities/Towns of "Lo Stato Landi" (history By Cardinal;Antonio Samorè) Prencipe Landi. 1583 AD

(See Map right, Prencipe Landi "lo Stato Landi")[13] (the Landi state), The state founded by Rodolfo Landi 1188 then established as; “The Princely House of Landi H.S.H. Prince, ”First Landi” of Val di Taro, Count Manfredo III Landi,[14] also Prince of Val di Taro and;Prince of the Holy Roman Empire[15]) that dominated the Province of Parma from the 13th through the 16th century. Landi Royalty in Parma continues in the 21st century, with Countess Franca Zanardi Landi di Veano[16][17]

The Landi Princes span over a 700 year period the Landi State 1257-1682[18], 425 years.. Roldopho's Nobility of Italy G.Great Grandson (Ubertino Landi I) married ("Sabella of Argon")[19] of the medieval Kingdom of Argon Spain thus the first connection of the State of Landi to the Spanish.

File:Landi coin from loStatoLandi 1599.jpg
Minted in Lo Stato Landi (history By Cardinal;Antonio Samorè) by Frederico Landi 1599 in silver

"In 1257 Count Ubertino Landi[20][21] bought outright the entire city of Piacenza[22] and the high territories of the Vally’s of Ceno and Taro with the great benefit of now owning the Castle of Bardi, Emilia-Romagna which he fortified, rebuilt and expanded now the largest castle in Europe".[23] The Landi remained the Lords of Bardi, Emilia-Romagna for the next four centuries. Known as one the most defensible Castle’s anywhere in the world. It gave The Landi geographical control of the river and its tributary Ceno Noveglia along with all the surrounding territories. Lands from Sicily were forfeited for the return of, The King of Sicily,"Manfredi",“Ubertino Landi during the fight at Benevento 1298 (1266) held The King of Sicily "Manfredi" and his two sons as prisoners”,[24]

In the 15th Century, the Landi Princes of Val di Taro[14] centering on Count Manfredo III Landi (1429 to 1488) who insisted on being call “El Magnifico,” during his reigne. After his death Manfredo's sons, Frederico, Pompeo(Castello Rivalta)[25] and Corrado[26] split up the kingdom their father ruled through 1488.[26] This created three new branches of the Landi family. Compiano/Rivalta Bormida/Bardi. Through land grants Manfredo greatly expanded the power, influence and size of The Landi State. Gaining terrator throughout Liguria, Lombardy, Tuscany, Emilia-Romagna and as far south as Venafro The Kingdom of Naples and also from the northern areas of Sicily. Other expansion would happen in the future under Don Fredrico who also maintained,The archive Landi, it was moved to Genoa in 1682. It was known to include many thousands of books, many being Incunable among them 3000 Latin scrolls, many which date back as far as the ninth century. “It is a university with which the Emperor Louis II renews concessions and confirms the properties to the monastery of St. Columbanus (February 2, 863).[27]”. Much later in the 19th century; Marquess Ferdinand Landi (1850) bequeathed his extensive Library growing to over 43,000 volumes to The Landi Library to continue in the Landi Mansion, eventually this is to become the “Library Passerini-Landi” created in 1791 from the merger of the "Royal Landi Library", established by Ferdinand Landi of Bourbon with books donated by the Jesuits, with the "Library Passerini," creating Biblioteca passerini Landi Library. As pertaining to the Board of Theologians. During the Kingdom of Italy Napoleonic government, a government decree of 1811 declared the library "Comunitativa" entrusting the administration to the Municipality of Piacenza to (2014).[28]

At its peak, the Landi state[29] extended 1,776 square kilometres (686 sq mi), the largest in Italy at that time, and to this day the longest lived state,"lo Stato Landi," in the history of Italy. Their power was such that they were the only state within the Holy Roman Empire authorized to mint their own coinage.[26][Note 1][Note 2][30]

"The Landi were warlords and renowned commanders of their own mercenary armies, maintained in the over 102 castles (See Map Prencipe Landi, Lo Stato Landi,"right") owned by the family in the north of Italy alone[31]."[32]Landi Del Cereto[33]"They were known as friends and advisors to the Holy Roman Emperors for centuries, and masters of their mountaintop castle/fortress at Bardi; the largest in all of Europe – from which they ruled their Principality"[32]

File:CastleofBardiLandi1257.jpg
Castle Bardi Landi's 1257

Landi family members have interacted with many of the Popes (among them; Pope Urban VIII,[34][35] Sixtus V,[36] including Antonio Zanardi Landi, the current Ambassador of the Vatican to Italy.[37] also: Bartolomeo Grassi-Landi, a non-cardinal and the conclavist (Papal Conclave)of Cardinal Luigi Oreglia di Santo Stefano 2014. They were known to be the assassins of the House of Farnese,[38][39] Dukes of Parma who were bitter enemies of the Landi.In 1547 Count Agostino Landi was among the major planners of the conspiracy that led to the killing of the Duke of Piacenza and Parma Pier Luigi Farnese. who previously had used it in various diplomatic missions to Venice and Genoa[19][40][41] The Landi produced a Duke in Venice, Marquis of Ivaccari, and were "Princes of Melfi; Marquises of Chiavenna (with dominion over 35 cities and towns), Counts of Compiano[42] (with dominion over 73 cities and towns), and Barons of Bedonia[42] (with dominion over 89 cities and towns)."[32]

The Royal bloodline of the Landi family[43] branch out to include “the German[44][45] Hapsburg[45][46][47] and Hohenstaufen families , Holy Roman Emperors; the royal families of Spain King Philip III of Spain,(through marriage of Isabella de Aragon, Dutchese of Milan[48](beleived to be Da Vinci's model for the Mona Lisa)[48] to Ubertino Landi Count of Venafro), with a Family Crest that "includes" that of the Landi's in the House of Habsburg,[49](Prince Claudio III married,Joanna de Aragon) Aragon and Cordoba) and Portugal; the Savoy (Savoia) of Piedmont Villafranca Piemonte Through the marraiage of Gualvano Landi to Margarete Malaspina, Kings of Italy; and the [50]Grimaldi of Monaco- through marriage to Maria Landi (1582 - 19 January 1599), was a Lady Consort of Monaco by marriage to Prince Hercules I of Monaco, Ercole, Lord of Monaco alsoLord of Monaco. She was a daughter of Claudio Landi, 3rd Prince of Val di Taro and wife Juana Fernández de Córdoba y Milá de Aragón,Honoré II, Prince of Monaco whose family was saved from extinction. Its is clear that in the year 1596 Jeanne Grimaldi was born, sister of HSH Prince II of Monaco born a year later, both children of; Monaco Lord Prince Hercules I of Monaco, husband of Lord Maria Landi, sister of Prince Frederico Landi[51] of Lo Stato Landi, Italy were to have their lives turned upside down in November 23, 1604, when their father would be assassinated, she was 8 years old, her brother 6, when further tragedy would take their mother, Lady Maria Landi of Val di Taro, she died in child birth with a third child. Then their palace came under attack, since just children, the servants hid them until they were taken under the care of their uncle Prince Frederico Landi[52] ofVal di Taro, Lo Stato Landi. He saved them, no parents, still children. He escorted Jeanne Grimaldi and younger brother, and new born sister to safety in exile in Milan. Frederico then returned to Monaco to stabilized the situation, then became the first Italian to ever rule Monaco Soon after,[53] the children were returned under the care of their uncle Frederico. “ Prince Frederico Landi[54] of lo stato Landi did in fact save, not only Monaco but the lives of the only royal family left, the three children of Prince Hercules I of Monaco and Lady Maria Landi. Frederico Landi[55], 4th Prince of Val di Taro[56] was a loyal ally and friend of Spain , since King Philip III of Spain, was his cousin. But, it was Honoré I, Lord of Monaco. in (1524), who swore Monaco’s allegiance to Spain, and its King, Holy Roman Emperor Charles V. Monaco was therefore a protectorate of Spain long before Federico became acting Regent of Monaco for his minor nephew Honoré II, Prince of Monaco he requested two things from King Philip III of Spain, First that he formally recognizes Monaco as a Principality for the first time, This was granted, second that he formerly acknowledge Honoré II, Prince of Monaco Grimaldi as its first Prince, Spain in fact used its protectorate status established under Honoré I, Lord of Monaco to occupy Monaco until 1614. It took the Spanish under Philip III of Spain until 1633 to finally recognize Honoré II, Prince of Monaco as a sovereign Prince. It took support from French King Louis XIII to result in the Treaty of Péronne (1641) to end Spanish influence and put Monaco finally under the protection, guaranteeing Monegasque sovereignty, Franco-Monegasque Treaty. Unfortunately Honoré II, Prince of Monaco lost all his Italian and Spanish possessions in the process, but in the end King Louis XIII of France awarded him with the Marquis of Baux and the title of Duke of Valentinois [57][58]

The family lineage is captured in full from its beginnings in documents held in the Vatican Archives. Members of the family have been prominent among the major chivalric orders of Europe:

Notes

  1. ^ These coins occasionally turn up at auction, capturing bids as high as $65,000.
  2. ^ Standard Catalog of Gold Coins

References

  1. ^ http://www.archiviodistatoperugia.it/patrimonio/catasti-del-comune-di-perugia?id=ASPG-ST07-0032696
  2. ^ http://www.archiviodistatoperugia.it/patrimonio/catasti-del-comune-di-perugia?id=ASPG-ST07-0044826
  3. ^ bishop of Cosilinum (or Mar cellianum), present at the Roman synod of 743
  4. ^ http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/dluan.html
  5. ^ https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francesco_Landi_(cardinale)
  6. ^ http://www.mss.vatlib.it/guii/console?service=present
  7. ^ http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/bishop/blandip.html
  8. ^ http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=
  9. ^ http://www.catholic.org/encyclopedia/view.php?id=6832
  10. ^ http://www.cruxnow.com/people/pope-lando/
  11. ^ http://saints.sqpn.com/pope0121.htm
  12. ^ http://catholicism.academic.ru/17629/Pope_Lando
  13. ^ http://www.unilibro.it/libri/f/argomento-cce/ar
  14. ^ a b http://www.doriapamphilj.it/ukarchivio.asp
  15. ^ http://www2.fiu.edu/~mirandas/bios1743.htm
  16. ^ https://nettyroyal.wordpress.com/2012/10/02/
  17. ^ Samorè, Antonio (1983). Lo Stato Landi. Collecteana Archivi Vaticani. Vol. 16. Archivio Vaticano.Michael, Thomas (2009,11,09). Standard Catalog of World Gold Coins Hardcover 6th edition. – November 18, 2009 (6th ed.). US. p. 121. ISBN 1440204241. {{cite book}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  18. ^ http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=2
  19. ^ a b http://www.valcenoweb.it/PAGINA-CULTURALE/pagine/libri-sui-landi.htm
  20. ^ Landi delle Caselle (ramo di Pompeo)(Landi della Castelle
  21. ^ http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=
  22. ^ http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/piacenza_(Enciclopedia_Italiana)/
  23. ^ http://www.valcenoweb.it/PAGINA-CULTURALE/galleria/galleria-LAFORTEZZA-DI-BARDI/la-fortezza-di-bardi.htm
  24. ^ http://www.lusardifamily.com/
  25. ^ http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=2
  26. ^ a b c http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=2
  27. ^ http://www.doriapamphilj.it/archivio.asp
  28. ^ http://passerinilandi.biblioteche.piacenza.it/sedecentrale
  29. ^ http://opac.vatlib.it/iguana/www.main.cls?sUrl=search&t=1416408858313&searchProfile=PRINT#anchor_Results
  30. ^ Michael, Thomas (2009-11-18). Standard Catalog of World Gold Coins Hardcover 6th edition (6th ed.). Standard Catalog of World Gold Coins. p. 112. ISBN 1440204241.
  31. ^ http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=2
  32. ^ a b c http://casalandi.net/
  33. ^ http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=4
  34. ^ http://galileo.rice.edu/gal/urban.html
  35. ^ http://www.mss.vatlib.it/guii/console?service=shortDetail&id=13453
  36. ^ http://roma.andreapollett.com/S2/roma-c18.htm
  37. ^ http://www.vatican.va/holy_father/benedict_xvi/speeches/2007/october/documents/hf_ben-xvi_spe_20071004_ambasciatore-italia_en.html
  38. ^ http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/landi_(Enciclopedia-Italiana)/
  39. ^ Olschki, Leo S., ed. (1863). "Barbara Sanvitale e la congiura del 1611 contro i Farnesi; Cenni storici, di Federico Odorici, con documenti". Archivio storico italiano. Deputazione toscana di storia patria. pp. 100–106.
  40. ^ http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=1
  41. ^ Galvani, Francis. Storie delle Famiglie Illustri Italiane
  42. ^ a b http://www.esvaso.it/post.php?id=889
  43. ^ http://www.mss.vatlib.it/guii/console?service=shortDetail&id=13415
  44. ^ http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/ubertino-landi_(Federiciana)/
  45. ^ a b http://trove.nla.gov.au/ndp/del/article/59366256
  46. ^ https://archive.org/stream/myyearsataustria00ryanuoft/myyearsataustria00ryanuoft_djvu.txt
  47. ^ http://www.abitofhistory.net/html/rhw/body_files/z_body.htm
  48. ^ a b http://www.kleio.org/en/history/famtree/sforza/374.html
  49. ^ http://mysterose2.homestead.com/RoyalHouseOfSpain.html
  50. ^ http://www3.monaco.mc/monaco/700ans/hist.html
  51. ^ Landi delle Caselle (ramo di Pompeo)
  52. ^ Landi delle Caselle (ramo di Pompeo)
  53. ^ http://madmonaco.blogspot.com/2010_02_01_archive.html
  54. ^ Landi delle Caselle (ramo di Pompeo)
  55. ^ Landi delle Caselle (ramo di Pompeo)
  56. ^ http://www.castellodirivalta.it/joomla/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=9:famiglia-landi&catid=7&showall=&limitstart=2
  57. ^ Ring, Trudy; Salkin, Robert M.; La Boda, Sharon, eds. (1995). "Monaco". International Dictionary of Historic Places. Vol. 3. Taylor & Francis. p. 451. ISBN 9781884964022.
  58. ^ a b Royal Family of Monaco at Burke's Peerage

Sources

See also

Title: Documents the Vatican Secret Archives and the Vatican Apostolic Library of the State-Landi A genealogy of the seventeenth century Landi ... Authors: Antonio Samore, John Morello Publisher: Vatican Secret Archives (The Secret Vatican Library) Necklace: Collectanea Vatican Archives Date Publication: 1983 ISBN 9788885042100 Pages: 120 Department: Religion> Christianity> Churches and Christian denominations> History of the church. Referenced from: 97 books, documents and manuscripts from the "Vatican Secret Archives". 6 from Biblioteca Apostolica Vaticana (BAV), 19 from Archivo Doria Landi Pamphilj (ADLP) (Released by the Cardinal for publication on his deathbed) He stated: "the the history of his homeland should be complete".

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