100 Peaks of Taiwan
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Comment: The list itself is not notable. --L235 (t / c / ping in reply) 20:43, 24 May 2015 (UTC)
The Top 100 Mountains or 100 Peaks is a list of 100 mountain peaks in Taiwan. They were chosen by a group of prominent Taiwanese hikers from among the peaks known at the time to be over 3,000m in height. The selection criteria included uniqueness, danger, height, beauty and prominence; preference was also given to peaks already named and those with triangulation points. [1][2]As such, "Top" does not refer strictly to the top peaks by elevation, but rather those high peaks most worth hiking. The list was intended to promote enthusiasm for high-altitude hiking in Taiwan.[3] In the resulting list of one hundred peaks, 69 peaks were in the Central Mountain Range, the largest of Taiwan's five principal mountain ranges, while 19 were in the Xueshan Range, and 12 were in the Yushan Range[4]. The Alishan Range and Coastal Mountain Range, being entirely below 3,000m, have no peaks in the Top 100.
History
Taiwan has one of the highest densities of tall mountains in the world.[citation needed] In order to promote mountain hiking, the 100 Mountain Club of the Taiwan Province Alpine Association began developing a Top 100 list of peaks for Taiwan. Wen-An Lin, after a 1971 crossing of the Central Mountain Range, set about drawing up the list. After extensive consultation with Ching-Chang Tsai, Tian-Cheng Hsing, Tung-San Ting and other prominent hikers of the day, the Top 100 was finalized.[1]
Upon completion of the list, hiking the Top 100 immediately became one of the primary goals of avid hikers in Taiwan.[1][2][5][6][7] Finishing the Top 100 is no easy task, however. For aspiring Top 100 hikers, the Big Five, Pointy Three and Ominous One set of peaks, whose unique beauty best represents the majestic grandeur of Taiwan's high mountains, became a popular starting point. Other popular sets of peaks include the Precipitous Ten and the Four Beauties. Many begin with the more easily accessible peaks in the Hehuanshan area.
There are actually over 260 mountains over 3,000m in Taiwan, many of which did not make the Top 100 but are nevertheless impressive. Therefore, some criticism remains over the inclusion of certain mountains in the list, or the exclusion of others, such as Chushan in the Dongjunshan Chain, and Mutelebushan near Xueshan's North Peak. It is argued that these and other more remarkable peaks should be in the Top 100, while peaks like Jupenshan, Lushan, Nanhubeishan, Shenmazhenshan, Jianshan, and Bulakesangshan, which can hardly be called "peaks", should be taken off the list. Also, when resurveying was carried out long after the Top 100 list was completed, it was found that Liushunshan and Lushan were actually under 3,000m. However, as the Top 100 already enjoyed such widespread acceptance, they were not removed from the list and remain there to this day.
Complete listing of the Top 100
The following is a complete listing of the 100 Taiwanese mountain peaks commonly known as the Top 100:
# | Mountain [8] |
Elevation [8] |
Location | National park located in |
List | Other names; remarks[8] |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Yushan | 3952 m 12966 ft |
Nantou County, Kaohsiung City, Chiayi County | Yushan | Big Five #1[a] High Three #1[b] |
Niitakayama, Mt. Morrison; Highest point of Nantou County, Kaohsiung City, Chiayi County. |
2 | Xueshan | 3886 m 12749 ft |
Miaoli County, Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Big Five #2[a] High Three #2[b] |
Tsugitakayama, Mt. Sylvia; Highest point of Miaoli County, Taichung City. |
3 | Yushan East Peak | 3869 m 12694 ft |
Nantou County, Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Precipitous Ten #1[c] | |
4 | Yushan North Peak | 3858 m 12657 ft |
Nantou County | Yushan | Eight Beauties #1[d] | |
5 | Yushan South Peak | 3844 m 12612 ft |
Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Precipitous Ten #2[c] | |
6 | Xiuguluanshan | 3825 m 12549 ft |
Hualien County, Nantou County | Yushan | Big Five #3[a] | Mahuolasishan |
7 | Mabolasishan | 3785 m 12418 ft |
Hualien County, Nantou County | Yushan | Precipitous Ten #3[c] | Wulamengshan |
8 | Nanhudashan | 3742 m 12277 ft |
Taichung City | Taroko | Big Five #4[a] | |
9 | Dongxiaonanshan | 3711 m 12175 ft |
Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Level Nine #1[e] | |
10 | Zhongyangjianshan | 3705 m 12156 ft |
Taichung City, Hualien County | Taroko | Pointy Three #1[f] | |
11 | Xueshan North Peak | 3703 m 12149 ft |
Miaoli County, Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Gentle Ten #2[g] | Yuliyulishan |
12 | Guanshan | 3668 m 12034 ft |
Taitung County, Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Precipitous Ten #4[c] | Highest point of Taitung County |
13 | Dashuikushan | 3642 m 11949 ft |
Hualien County, Nantou County | Yushan | Gentle Ten #1[g] | |
14 | Nanhushan East Peak | 3632 m 11916 ft |
Taichung City, Hualien County, Yilan County | Taroko | Rocky Ten #1[h] | Highest point of Yilan County |
15 | Dongjundashan | 3619 m 11873 ft |
Nantou County | Majestic Ten #1[i] | Kayixishan | |
16 | Qilaishan North Peak | 3607 m 11834 ft |
Hualien County | Taroko | Precipitous Ten #5[c] Ominous One[j] |
|
17 | Xiangyangshan | 3603 m 11821 ft |
Kaohsiung City, Taitung County | Yushan | Eight Beauties #2[d] | Hongyeshan |
18 | Dajianshan | 3594 m 11791 ft |
Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Precipitous Ten #6[c] | Baduowanuominshan |
19 | Yunfeng | 3564 m 11693 ft |
Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Lofty Nine #1[k] | Cloud Peak |
20 | Qilaishan | 3560 m 11680 ft |
Hualien County, Nantou County | Taroko | Lofty Nine #2[k] | Qilaishan Main Peak |
21 | Malijiananshan | 3546 m 11634 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Yushan | Rocky Ten #2[h] | Tabilashan |
22 | Nanhubeishan | 3536 m 11601 ft |
Yilan County, Taichung City | Taroko | Majestic Ten #2[i] | Bayoushan |
23 | Daxueshan | 3530 m 11581 ft |
Miaoli County, Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Majestic Ten #3[i] | |
24 | Pintianshan | 3524 m 11562 ft |
Hsinchu County, Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Precipitous Ten #7[c] Four Beauties #1[l] |
Boqinxilunshan |
25 | Yushan West Peak | 3518 m 11542 ft |
Chiayi County, Nantou County | Yushan | Verdant Ten #4[m] | Tiancuifeng |
26 | Touyingshan | 3510 m 11516 ft |
Taichung City, Miaoli County | Shei-Pa | Lofty Nine #3[k] | |
27 | Sanchashan | 3496 m 11470 ft |
Hualien County, Taitung County, Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Majestic Ten #3[i] | Xiaxueshashan |
28 | Dabajianshan | 3492 m 11457 ft |
Hsinchu County, Miaoli County | Shei-Pa | Pointy Three #2[f] | Jiutongshan; Highest point of Hsinchu County |
29 | Nanhushan South Peak | 3475 m 11401 ft |
Taichung City, Hualien County | Taroko | Rocky Ten #5[h] | |
30 | Dongluandashan | 3468 m 11378 ft |
Nantou County | Eight Beauties #3[d] | ||
31 | Wumingshan | 3451 m 11322 ft |
Taichung City, Hualien County | Taroko | Precipitous Ten #8[c] | Qusheshan, Gaotianshan |
32 | Babashan | 3449 m 11316 ft |
Taichung City, Hualien County | Taroko | Little Eight #1[n] | Nanhunanshan |
33 | Maxishan | 3443 m 11296 ft |
Hualien County | Yushan | Majestic Ten #5[i] | Lagashan, Bainanshan |
34 | Hehuanshan North Peak | 3422 m 11227 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Taroko | Majestic Ten #6[i] | |
35 | Hehuanshan East Peak | 3421 m 11224 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Taroko | Lofty Nine #4[k] | |
36 | Xiaobajianshan | 3418 m 11214 ft |
Miaoli County | Shei-Pa | Craggy Eight #2[o] | |
37 | Hehuanshan Main Peak | 3417 m 11211 ft |
Nantou County | Taroko | Gentle Ten #3[g] | |
38 | South Yushan | 3383 m 11099 ft |
Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Gentle Ten #4[g] | |
39 | Bilushan | 3371 m 11060 ft |
Hualien County, Nantou County | Taroko | Narrow Eight #3[p] | Lagashan |
40 | Zhuoshedashan | 3369 m 11053 ft |
Nantou County | Lofty Nine #5[k] | ||
41 | Qilaishan South Peak | 3358 m 11017 ft |
Nantou County | Majestic Ten #7[i] | ||
42 | Nanshuangtoushan | 3356 m 11010 ft |
Hualien County, Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Lofty Nine #6[k] | |
43 | Nenggaoshan South Peak | 3349 m 10988 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Precipitous Ten #9[c] | ||
44 | Zhijiayangdashan | 3345 m 10974 ft |
Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Eight Beauties #4[d] | |
45 | Baigudashan | 3342 m 10965 ft |
Nantou County, Taichung City | Verdant Ten #7[m] | Baigoudashan | |
46 | Batongguanshan | 3335 m 10942 ft |
Nantou County | Yushan | Craggy Eight #3[o] | |
47 | Xinkangshan | 3331 m 10928 ft |
Hualien County | Yushan | Precipitous Ten #10[c] | Xinguanshan |
48 | Dandashan | 3325 m 10909 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Nine Walls #3[q] | ||
49 | Taoshan | 3325 m 10909 ft |
Hsinchu County, Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Eight Beauties #5[d] Four Beauties #2[l] |
|
50 | Jiayangshan | 3314 m 10873 ft |
Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Craggy Eight #4[o] | Adubanshan |
51 | Huoshishan | 3310 m 10860 ft |
Miaoli County, Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Craggy Eight #5[o] | |
52 | Chiyoushan | 3303 m 10837 ft |
Hsinchu County, Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Simple Six #1[r] Four Beauties #3[l] |
Yuluofushan |
53 | Yizeshan | 3297 m 10817 ft |
Miaoli County, Hsinchu County | Shei-Pa | Simple Six #2[r] | Jiangzeshan |
54 | Beinanzhushan | 3295 m 10810 ft |
Kaohsiung City, Taitung County | Majestic Ten #8[i] | ||
55 | Ganzhuowanshan | 3284 m 10774 ft |
Nantou County | Narrow Eight #4[p] | ||
56 | Taroko Mountain | 3283 m 10771 ft |
Hualien County | Taroko | Majestic Ten #9[i] | |
57 | Lulushan | 3279 m 10758 ft |
Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Craggy Eight #7[o] | Majiangzhizishan |
58 | Kaxipananshan | 3276 m 10748 ft |
Hualien County | Yushan | Remote Nine #4[s] | |
59 | Neilingershan | 3275 m 10745 ft |
Hualien County | Majestic Ten #10[i] | ||
60 | Lingmingshan | 3272 m 10735 ft |
Taichung City, Hualien County | Taroko | Eight Beauties #6[d] | |
61 | Jundashan | 3265 m 10712 ft |
Nantou County | Yushan | Eight Beauties #7[d] | |
62 | Nenggaoshan | 3262 m 10702 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Lofty Nine #7[k] High Three #3[b] |
Noutakayama | |
63 | Wandongshan West Peak | 3258 m 10689 ft |
Nantou County | Remote Nine #5[s] | Huoshan | |
64 | Jianshan | 3253 m 10673 ft |
Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Nine Walls #5[q] | Xiaojianshan |
65 | Pingfengshan | 3250 m 10663 ft |
Hualien County | Taroko | Nine Walls #6[q] | |
66 | Xiaoguanshan | 3249 m 10659 ft |
Kaohsiung City, Taitung County | Lofty Nine #8[k] | ||
67 | Yixiqingmazhishan | 3245 m 10646 ft |
Hualien County, Nantou County | Steep Seven #4[t] | ||
68 | Mushan | 3241 m 10633 ft |
Nantou County | Simple Six #5[r] | Ganzhuowanshan Southeast Peak | |
69 | Yushan Front Peak | 3239 m 10627 ft |
Chiayi County, Nantou County | Yushan | Simple Six #5[r] | |
70 | Shimenshan | 3237 m 10620 ft |
Hualien County, Nantou County | Taroko | Little Eight #2[n] | |
71 | Wushuangshan | 3231 m 10600 ft |
Nantou County | Nine Walls #7[q] | Maxirouganshan | |
72 | Taguanshan | 3222 m 10571 ft |
Taitung County, Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Steep Seven #5[t] | Daguanshan |
73 | Mabishanshan | 3211 m 10535 ft |
Yilan County, Hualien County | Taroko | Level Nine #7[e] | Mameishan |
74 | Dafenjianshan | 3208 m 10525 ft |
Nantou County, Kaohsiung City, Hualien County | Yushan | Pointy Three #3[f] | Jianshan |
75 | Xueshan East Peak | 3201 m 10502 ft |
Taichung City | Shei-Pa | Little Eight #3[n] | Mingjianshan |
76 | Nanhuashan | 3184 m 10446 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Narrow Eight #6[p] | Nenggaoshan North Peak | |
77 | Guanshanlingshan | 3176 m 10420 ft |
Taitung County, Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Narrow Eight #7[p] | |
78 | Hainuonanshan | 3174 m 10413 ft |
Taitung County, Kaohsiung City | Gentle Ten #6[g] | ||
79 | Zhongxueshan | 3173 m 10410 ft |
Miaoli County | Shei-Pa | Verdant Ten #8[m] | |
80 | Shuanshan | 3168 m 10394 ft |
Taichung City | Taroko | Eight Beauties #8[d] | |
81 | Ganshufeng | 3158 m 10361 ft |
Hualien County, Taichung City | Taroko | Little Eight #6[n] | Zhongyangnanshan, Yam Peak |
82 | Hehuanshan West Peak | 3145 m 10318 ft |
Nantou County | Taroko | Verdant Ten #9[m] | |
83 | Shemazhenshan | 3141 m 10305 ft |
Yilan County, Taichung City | Taroko | Contiguous Six #1[u] | Yezhenjialuosuishan |
84 | Kalayeshan | 3133 m 10279 ft |
Hsinchu County, Yilan County | Shei-Pa | Contiguous Six #2[u] Four Beauties #4[l] |
Jialiupingshan |
85 | Kuhanuoxinshan | 3115 m 10220 ft |
Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Remote Nine #8[s] | |
86 | Jialishan | 3112 m 10210 ft |
Miaoli County | Shei-Pa | Contiguous Six #3[u] | Maibalabianshan |
87 | Baishishan | 3110 m 10203 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Steep Seven #6[t] | ||
88 | Panshishan | 3106 m 10190 ft |
Hualien County | Taroko | Remote Nine #9[s] | Shanyuanshan |
89 | Patuolushan | 3101 m 10174 ft |
Hualien County | Taroko | Gentle Ten #8[g] | |
90 | Beidawushan | 3092 m 10144 ft |
Pingtung County, Taitung County | Big Five #5[a] | Dawushan; Highest point in Pingtung County | |
91 | Xiluandashan | 3081 m 10108 ft |
Nantou County | Steep Seven #7[t] | Luandashan | |
92 | Tafenshan | 3070 m 10072 ft |
Hualien County, Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Craggy Eight #8[o] | |
93 | Liwuzhushan | 3069 m 10069 ft |
Hualien County | Taroko | Rocky Ten #9[h] | Tacijilishan |
94 | Andongjunshan | 3068 m 10066 ft |
Hualien County, Nantou County | Gentle Ten #9[g] | Andongjunshan | |
95 | Guangtoushan | 3060 m 10039 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Level Nine #8[e] | Zhiyaganshan | |
96 | Yangtoushan | 3035 m 9957 ft |
Hualien County | Taroko | Narrow Eight #8[p] | |
97 | Bulakesangshan | 3026 m 9928 ft |
Taitung County, Hualien County | Nine Walls #9[q] | Wulagusanshan | |
98 | Jupenshan | 3022 m 9915 ft |
Nantou County | Yushan | Contiguous Six #4[u] | Yumabogeshan |
99 | Liushunshan | 2999 m 9839 ft |
Nantou County, Hualien County | Level Nine #9[e] | ||
100 | Lushan | 2981 m 9780 ft |
Kaohsiung City | Yushan | Contiguous Six #6[u] |
Notes
- ^ a b c d e f The Big Five are the biggest of the big in each geographical region and are a must for all Top 100 hikers.[9]
- ^ a b c d During Japanese rule, these three all had the character for "high" (高) in their name. This list is seldom referred to now that the mountains' names have changed.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k The Precipitous Ten list is comprised of prominent, steep peaks not included in the Big Five, Pointy Three and Ominous One.[9]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Chosen for their beautiful landscapes, gentle slope, meadows of short bamboo and lack of rock scrambling.[9]
- ^ a b c d Wide, flat peaks without large rocks or trees, only short bamboo. Comfortable, easy walking.[9][12]
- ^ a b c d These are three well-known mountains with distinct pyramid-like peaks.[9]
- ^ a b c d e f g These mountains have an overall smooth profile, with gentle slopes and little climbing or scrambling needed.[9]
- ^ a b c d These mountains have rocky peaks that require scrambling or climbing to summit.[9]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Chosen for their size and prominence, wide peaks, gentle slope and serene nature.[9]
- ^ a b Qilaishan North Peak: 3607m, located along the northern end of the Central Mountain Range's central spine. The ascent is steep and difficult in parts, and the dark fragmented slate covering the western face has earned it the nickname "Black Qilai". Some sources spell Qilai "Chilai".
- ^ a b c d e f g h These tall peaks are very conspicuous, catching the eye more than neighboring peaks.[9]
- ^ a b c d e Also known as the Wuling Four Beauties or Wuling Sixiu[10] due to their proximity to Wuling Farm. Each of these four peaks has its own unique characteristics. The "Four Beauties" initially chosen by Tian-Cheng Hsing were Chiyoushan, Taoshan, Shilunshan and Kalayeshan, while Pintianshan was listed as one of the Precipitous Ten. However, since Shilunshan was not a Top 100, hikers began recognizing Pintianshan as one of the Four Beauties instead.[11]
- ^ a b c d These trails wind through lush green forests of tall, twisting trees and bamboo.[9]
- ^ a b c d Small peaks with gentle slopes that can be easily reached as part of a longer trip.[9]
- ^ a b c d e f These peaks jut out from the surrounding terrain and are surrounded by cliffs and difficult terrain.[9]
- ^ a b c d e These mountains have long narrow ridgelines with cliffs or steep slopes on both sides.[9]
- ^ a b c d e These mountains rise up like a wall, wide and flat, blocking the view of a large area like a screen.[9]
- ^ a b c d e These peaks are offshoots from another main trail, but short and not very strenuous. They are easy side trips when hiking the parent trail.[9]
- ^ a b c d These peaks are on distant offshoots of their mountain range and are not easily combined with other peaks in a single journey.[9]
- ^ a b c d e Steep mountains with cliffs and loose rocks.[9]
- ^ a b c d e f These peaks are near other high peaks, and can be reached along a ridge that extends down from the higher peak. They have fairly level trails, the peaks are named and there is some sort of survey marker. [9]
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References
- ^ a b c 臺灣百岳小史 (Short History of Taiwan's '100 Peaks'), accessed 03 June 2015.]
- ^ a b Lonely Planet; Robert Kelly; Chung Wah Chow (1 February 2014). Lonely Planet Taiwan. Lonely Planet Publications. p. 67. ISBN 978-1-74321-835-8.
- ^ Yeh, Joseph (2011-01-31). "Fulfill your dreams while you are young, says daring hiker Lin Cheng-han". The China Post. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
- ^ 頁面歷史: 台灣百岳, National Park Mountaineering School (History: Taiwan's Top 100), accessed 03 June 2015.
- ^ Huang, Chao-kuo (2007-12-24). "Taiwanese Scales World's Peaks". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
- ^ Bartholomew, Ian (2001-08-19). "Taiwan's rivers offer vast potential for adventure". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
- ^ Bartholomew, Ian (2013-03-20). "Mountain lore". Taipei Times. Retrieved 2015-06-03.
- ^ a b c Chinese Taipei Alpine Association 百岳一覽表, accessed 03 June 2015.
- ^ a b c d e f g h 台灣山嶽導覽入門篇 by H領隊, accessed 03 June 2015.
- ^ Taiwan's Most Spectacular Hiking Trails, Wanderlust travel magazine, accessed 03 June 2015.
- ^ 第二世代台灣百嶽全集上冊,戶外生活圖書股份有限公司,陳遠見主編,2007年8月31日初版, ISBN 9789866994395.