Help:Editing

Ira De Cordova Rowe - Caribbean Lawyer

Ira De Cordova Rowe ( February 08 ,1928 to January 25, 2004) was one of the foremost jurists of the Commonwealth Caribbean.

Ira Rowe served as President of the Court of Appeal of Jamaica and President of the Court of Appeal of Belize .He also served on the Court of Appeal of the Grand Cayman, The Bahamas and the Turks and Caicos Islands. He served as Solicitor General of Jamaica.

Ira Rowe was the judicial giant of Caribbean jurisprudence in the last three decades of the Twentieth century. He was the author of many significant decisions including the Queen v Oliver Whylie, which codified the law of identification in the Caribbean; and Belize Alliance vs the Department of the Environment and Belize Electric Company Ltd .,the most significant environmental decision in the Commonwealth Caribbean. His role in chairing the Family Law Committee in Jamaica led to the repeal of bastardy laws in Jamaica. Most other Caribbean Commonwealth jurisdictions followed.

Ira Rowe was born in humble circumstances in St Elizabeth Jamaica. His father William Rowe ,a tobacco farmer, traveled frequently to Cuba to sell tobacco to fund Ira’s education at the prestigious Munro Boy’s School in the Santa Cruz mountains of Jamaica. His mother Caroline Rowe was a teacher. Ira’s first job was as a reader to the village of Dalton of the World War 2 fortunes of the West India regiments serving in Europe. He served as an elementary school teacher and then as a Clerk of the Courts in Savana-la Mar, Jamaica before traveling to England to read for the Bar at Lincoln’s Inn in 1957.He sought to retain the very highest traditions of barristerial endeavor thereafter strictly applying the rules of the British bar to the rest of his professional life. In 1958 he married Audrey Rowe a Registered Nurse. His son David P. Rowe is a prominent trial lawyer in South Florida, and his daughter Patricia, who also lives in Florida, is a pediatrician physician.

Jamaica became independent in 1962 and Sir Alexander Bustamante sent the young Rowe to set up the first overseas passport office for Jamaica in the United Kingdom in 1964. While serving as legal attaché in the United Kingdom he rendered valuable legal advice to Lucky Gordon the Jamaican connection in the Profumo scandal .Ira Rowe was promoted, recalled to Jamaica in 1966 to serve as Jamaica’s delegate to the 21st Session of the General Assembly of the United Nations at the height of the Cold War. During that period he addressed the Assembly about racial dignity and non-alignment, and explained Jamaica’s emerging foreign policy to Dr Ralph Bunche, Golda Meir and Alexei Kosigyn. Ira Rowe assisted in the co-ordination of the visit to Jamaica by H I M Haille Selassie.

!n 1967 to 1969 he served as Assistant Attorney General and Solicitor General in Jamaica at a time when Jamaicans was torn with controversy over Black Power and the development of Rastafarianism. Rowe gave sound advice during this period which contributed to stability in Jamaica. In 1968 Ira Rowe was made a Queens Counsel, the youngest Queens Counsel in the Commonwealth at that time. In 1969 he was appointed a Judge of the Jamaica Supreme Court.

Judge Rowe’s decisions over a thirty year period fundamentally anchored Jamaican and Commonwealth Jurisprudence in the Westminster model. His decision on R v Trevor Stone gave legitimacy to judges of unlimited jurisdiction sitting in criminal cases without a jury. His decisions in the Cayman Islands made bank secrecy subject to investigative fiat and made money laundering more difficult .While sitting as President of the Court of Appeal of Belize his decisions reinforced the Rule of Law and gave a gave a strong advantage to defenders of the environment. His fearless arraignment of a number of military officers for murder in the Green Bay incident reinforced the Separation of Powers in Jamaica and Constitutional law in Jamaica His most significant contribution to Caribbean people was his quiet legal crusade against the concept of illegitimacy in Family Law in the West Indies. Prior to the proposals of his Family Law Committee ,individuals who were born out of wedlock in the Caribbean could not inherit in pari passu with their legitimate siblings. Ira Rowe was an expert on the Jamaica Constitution which he could recite like a poem He was a champion of the Caribbean Court of Justice which he did not live to serve on. Ira Rowe served as Chancellor of the Anglican Diocese of Jamaica for 20 years. Queen Elizabeth 11 expressed condolences on his death through a statement issued by her chief clerk Gill Middlebergh.

Sources

Ira Rowe , Caribbean Lawyer, garaibooks 2006,Barnes& Noble,Borders.

Trevor Stone v Queen 1980 17 JLR 37

Jamaica Constitution Order in Council

Report of the Family Law Committee of Jamaica 1975

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Examples

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What it looks like	What you type
Start your sections as follows: New section Subsection Sub-subsection Start with a second-level heading (`==`); don't use first-level headings (=). If possible, place subsections in an appropriate order. If listing countries, place them in alphabetical order rather than, say, relative to population of OECD countries or some random order. A Table of Contents will automatically be added to an article that has four or more sections.	==New section== ===Subsection=== ====Sub-subsection====
A single newline generally has no effect on the layout. These can be used to separate sentences within a paragraph. Some editors find that this aids editing and improves the function diff (used internally to compare different versions of a page). But an empty line starts a new paragraph. When used in a list, a newline does affect the layout (see below).	A single [[newline]] generally has no effect on the layout. These can be used to separate sentences within a paragraph. Some editors find that this aids editing and improves the function ''diff'' (used internally to compare different versions of a page). But an empty line starts a new paragraph.
You can break lines without starting a new paragraph. Please use this sparingly. Close markup between lines, do not start a link or italics or bold on one line and close it on the next.	You can break lines<br/> without starting a new paragraph.
It's easy to create a list: Start every line with a star (asterisk). More stars means deeper levels. A newline in a list marks the end of a list item. An empty line starts a new list.	* It's easy to create a list: Start every line with a star. * More stars means deeper levels. **** A newline in a list marks the end of a list item. * An empty line starts a new list.
Numbered lists are also good very organized easy to follow easier still	# Numbered lists are also good ## very organized ## easy to follow ### easier still
Definition list list of definitions item the item's definition another item the other item's definition Begin with a semicolon. One item per line; a newline can appear before the colon, but using a space before the colon improves parsing.	; Definition list : list of definitions ; item : the item's definition ; another item : the other item's definition
You can even create mixed lists and nest them like this can I mix definition list as well? yes how? it's easy as a b c	* You can even create mixed lists # and nest them #* like this #; can I mix definition list as well? #: yes #; how? #: it's easy as #:* a #:* b #:* c
A colon indents a line or paragraph. A manual newline starts a new paragraph. This is primarily for displayed material, but is also used for discussion on Talk pages.	: A colon indents a line or paragraph. A manual newline starts a new paragraph.
When there is a need for separating a block of text The blockquote command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does. This is useful for (as the name says) inserting blocks of quoted (and cited) text.	<blockquote> The '''blockquote''' command will indent both margins when needed instead of the left margin only as the colon does. </blockquote>
(See formula on right): This is useful for: pasting preformatted text; algorithm descriptions; program source code; ASCII art; chemical structures; WARNING: If you make it wide, you force the whole page to be wide and hence less readable, especially for people who use lower resolutions. Never start ordinary lines with spaces.	IF a line starts with a space THEN it will be formatted exactly as typed; in a fixed-width font; lines will not wrap; END IF
Centered text. Please note the American spelling of "center".	<center>Centered text.</center>
A horizontal dividing line: this is above it and this is below it. Mainly useful for disambiguation - but to be used sparsely, only when separating completely different, unrelated (groups of) meanings separating threads on Talk pages.	A [[horizontal dividing line]]: this is above it ---- and this is below it.

Links and URLs

What it looks like	What you type
London has public transport. A link to another Wikipedia article. Internally, the first letter of the target page is automatically capitalized and spaces are represented as underscores (typing an underscore in the link has the same effect as typing a space, but is not recommended). Thus the link above is to the URL en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_transport, which is the Wikipedia article with the name "Public transport". See also Wikipedia:Canonicalization.	London has [[public transport]].
San Francisco also has public transportation. Same target, different name. This is a piped link. The "piped" text must be placed first, then the text that will be displayed second.	San Francisco also has [[public transport\| public transportation]].
San Francisco also has public transportation. Examples include buses, taxis and streetcars. Endings are blended into the link. Preferred style is to use this instead of a piped link, if possible. Blending can be suppressed by using <nowiki></nowiki> tags, which may be desirable in some instances. Example: a microsecond.	San Francisco also has [[public transport]]ation. Examples include [[bus]]es, [[taxi]]s, and [[streetcar]]s. [[micro]]<nowiki>second </nowiki>
See the Wikipedia:Manual of Style. A link to another namespace.	See the [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style]].
Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics is a link to a section within another page. #Links and URLs is a link to another section on the current page. #example is a link to an anchor that was created using an id attribute The part after the number sign (#) must match a section heading on the page. Matches must be exact in terms of spelling, case, and punctuation. Links to non-existent sections are not broken; they are treated as links to the top of the page. Identifiers may be created by attaching an `id="...">` attribute to almost any HTML element. This doesn't work with legacy browsers. Include "\| Link title" to create a stylish link-title.	[[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Italics]] is a link to a section within another page. [[#Links and URLs]] is a link to another section on the current page. [[#example]] is a link to an anchor that was created using <div id="example">an id attribute </div>
Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: kingdom. Automatically hide namespace: Village Pump. Or both: Manual of Style But not: [[Wikipedia:Manual of Style#Links\|]] The server fills in the part after the pipe character (\|) when you save the page. The next time you open the edit box you will see the expanded piped link. When previewing your edits, you will not see the expanded form until you press Save and Edit again. The same applies to links to sections within the same page (see previous entry).	Automatically hide stuff in parentheses: [[kingdom (biology)\|]]. Automatically hide namespace: [[Wikipedia:Village Pump\|]]. Or both: [[Wikipedia: Manual of Style (headings)\|]] But not: [[Wikipedia: Manual of Style#Links\|]] See Wikipedia:Pipe trick for details.
Nondivisibility of labor is a page that does not exist yet. You can create it by clicking on the link. To create a new page: Create a link to it on some other (related) page. Save that page. Click on the link you just made. The new page will open for editing. For more information, see How to start a page and check out Wikipedia's naming conventions. Please do not create a new article without linking to it from at least one other article.	[[Gunchei]] is a page that does not exist yet.
Wikipedia:How to edit a page is this page. Self links appear as bold text when the article is viewed. Do not use this technique to make the article name bold in the first paragraph; see the Manual of Style.	[[Wikipedia: How to edit a page]] is this page.
When adding a comment to a Talk page, you should sign it by adding three tildes to add your user name: Ben Brockert or four to add user name plus date/time: Ben Brockert 00:18, Nov 19, 2004 (UTC) Five tildes gives the date/time alone: 00:18, Nov 19, 2004 (UTC) The first two both provide a link to your user page.	When adding a comment to a Talk page,you should sign it by adding three tildes to add your user name: : ~~~ or four for user name plus date/time: : ~~~~ Five tildes gives the date/time alone: : ~~~~~
Redirect one article title to another by placing a directive like the one shown to the right on the first line of the article (such as at a page titled "USA"). Note that, while it is possible to link to a section, it is not possible to redirect to a section. For example, "#REDIRECT [[United States#History]]" will redirect to the United States page, but not to any particular section on it. This feature may be implemented in the future - see feature request 218 (it appears as a bug).	#REDIRECT [[United States]]
Link to a page on the same subject in another language by using a link of the form: [[language code:Title]]. It does not matter where you put these links while editing as they will always show up in the same place when you save the page, but placement at the end of the edit box is recommended. Please see Wikipedia:Interlanguage links and the list of languages and codes.	[[fr:Wikipédia:Aide]]
What links here and Related changes pages can be linked as: Special:Whatlinkshere/Wikipedia:How to edit a page and Special:Recentchangeslinked/Wikipedia:How to edit a page	'''What links here''' and '''Related changes''' pages can be linked as: [[Special:Whatlinkshere/ Wikipedia:How to edit a page]] and [[Special:Recentchangeslinked/ Wikipedia:How to edit a page]]
A user's Contributions page can be linked as: Special:Contributions/UserName or Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0	A user's '''Contributions''' page can be linked as: [[Special:Contributions/UserName]] or [[Special:Contributions/192.0.2.0]]
To put an article in a Wikipedia:Category, place a link like the one to the right anywhere in the article. As with interlanguage links, it does not matter where you put these links while editing as they will always show up in the same place when you save the page, but placement at the end of the edit box is recommended.	[[Category:Character sets]]
To link to a Wikipedia:Category page without putting the article into the category, use an initial colon (:) in the link.	[[:Category:Character sets]]
Three ways to link to external (non-wiki) sources: Bare URL: http://www.nupedia.com/ (bad style) Unnamed link: [1] (only used within article body for footnotes) Named link: Nupedia See MetaWikiPedia:Interwiki_map for the list of shortcuts. Square brackets indicate an external link. Note the use of a space (not a pipe) to separate the URL from the link text in the "named" version. In the URL, all symbols must be among: A-Z a-z 0-9 . _ \ / ~ % - + & # ? ! = ( ) @ If a URL contains a character not in this list, it should be encoded by using a percent sign (%) followed by the hex code of the character, which can be found in the table of ASCII printable characters. For example, the caret character (^) would be encoded in a URL as %5E. If the "named" version contains a closing square bracket "]", then you must use the HTML special character syntax, i.e. ] otherwise the MediaWiki software will prematurely interpret this as the end of the external link. There is a class that can be used to remove the arrow image from the external link. It is used in Template:Ref to stop the URL from expanding during printing. It should never be used in the main body of an article. However, there is an exception: wikilinks in Image markup. An example of the markup is as follows: Markup: <span class="plainlinksneverexpand"> [http://www.sysinternals.com/ ntw2k/freeware/winobj.shtml WinObj]</span> Display: WinObj See Wikipedia:External links for style issues.	Three ways to link to external (non-wiki) sources: # Bare URL: http://www.nupedia.com/ (bad style) # Unnamed link: [http://www.nupedia.com/] (only used within article body for footnotes) # Named link: [http://www.nupedia.com Nupedia]
Linking to other wikis: Interwiki link: Wiktionary:Hello Interwiki link without prefix: Hello Named interwiki link: Wiktionary definition of 'Hello' All of these forms lead to the URL http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Hello Note that interwiki links use the internal link style. See MetaWikiPedia:Interwiki_map for the list of shortcuts; if the site you want to link to is not on the list, use an external link (see above). See also Wikipedia:How to link to Wikimedia projects. Linking to another language's wiktionary: Wiktionary:fr:bonjour bonjour fr:bonjour All of these forms lead to the URL http://fr.wiktionary.org/wiki/bonjour	Linking to other wikis: # [[Interwiki]] link: [[Wiktionary:Hello]] # Interwiki link without prefix: [[Wiktionary:Hello\|]] # Named interwiki link: [[Wiktionary:Hello\| Wiktionary definition of 'Hello']] Linking to another language's wiktionary: # [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour]] # [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour\|bonjour]] # [[Wiktionary:fr:bonjour\|]]
ISBN 012345678X ISBN 0-12-345678-X Link to books using their ISBN. This is preferred to linking to a specific online bookstore, because it gives the reader a choice of vendors. However, if one bookstore or online service provides additional free information, such as table of contents or excerpts from the text, then a link to that source will aid the user and is recommended. ISBN links do not need any extra markup, provided you use one of the indicated formats.	ISBN 012345678X ISBN 0-12-345678-X
Text mentioning RFC 4321 anywhere Link to Internet Engineering Task Force RFCs.	Text mentioning RFC 4321 anywhere
Date formats: July 20, 1969 20 July 1969 1969-07-20 1969-07-20 Link dates in one of the above formats, so that everyone can set their own display order. If logged in, you can use Special:Preferences to change your own date display setting. All of the above dates will appear as "20 July 1969" if you set your date display preference to "15 January 2001", but as "July 20, 1969" if you set it to "January 15, 2001", or as "1969-07-20" if you set it to "2001-01-15".	Date formats: # [[July 20]], [[1969]] # [[20 July]] [[1969]] # [[1969]]-[[07-20]] # [[1969-07-20]]
Special WP:AO links like this year needing future maintenance	Special [[WP:AO]] links like [[As of 2006\|this year]] needing future maintenance
Sound To include links to non-image uploads such as sounds, use a "media" link. For images, see next section. Some uploaded sounds are listed at Wikipedia:Sound.	[[media:Sg_mrob.ogg\|Sound]]

Images

Only images that have been uploaded to Wikipedia can be used. To upload images, use the upload page. You can find the uploaded image on the image list.

What it looks like	What you type
A picture:	A picture: [[Image:wiki.png]]
With alternative text:	With alternative text: [[Image:wiki.png\|jigsaw globe]] Alternative text, used when a mouse hovers over the image or when the image is not loaded in a text-only browser, or when spoken aloud, is strongly encouraged. See Alternate text for images for help on choosing it.
Floating to the right side of the page and with a caption: Wikipedia Encyclopedia	Floating to the right side of the page and with a caption: [[Image:wiki.png\|frame\|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]] The frame tag automatically floats the image right. The caption is also used as alternate text.
Floating to the right side of the page without a caption: Wikipedia Encyclopedia	Floating to the right side of the page ''without'' a caption: [[Image:wiki.png\|right\|Wikipedia Encyclopedia]] The help topic on Extended image syntax explains more options.
A picture resized to 30 pixels...	A picture resized to 30 pixels... [[Image:wiki.png\|30 px]] The help topic on Extended image syntax explains more options.
Linking directly to the description page of an image: Image:wiki.png	Linking directly to the description page of an image: [[:Image:wiki.png]] Clicking on an image displayed on a page (such as any of the ones above) also leads to the description page
Linking directly to an image without displaying it: Image of the jigsaw globe logo	Linking directly to an image without displaying it: [[media:wiki.png\|Image of the jigsaw globe logo]] To include links to images shown as links instead of drawn on the page, use a "media" link.
Using the div tag to separate images from text (note that this may allow images to cover text):	Example: <div style="display:inline; width:220px; float:right;"> Place images here </div>
Using wiki markup to make a table in which to place a vertical column of images (this helps edit links match headers, especially in Firefox browsers):	Example: {\| align=right \|- \| Place images here \|}

See the Wikipedia's image use policy as a guideline used on Wikipedia.

For further help on images, including some more versatile abilities, see the topic on Extended image syntax.

Character formatting

What it looks like What you type

Emphasized text
Strong emphasis
Even stronger emphasis

''Emphasized text''
'''Strong emphasis'''
'''''Even stronger emphasis'''''

A typewriter font for monospace text or for computer code: int main()

For semantic reasons, using <code> where applicable is preferable to using <tt>.

A typewriter font for <tt>monospace text</tt>
or for computer code: <code>int main()</code>

You can use small text for captions.

You can use <small>small text</small> for captions.

Better stay away from big text, unless it's within small text.

Better stay away from <big>big text</big>, unless
<small> it's <big>within</big> small</small> text.

You can ~~strike out deleted material~~ and underline new material.

You can also mark ~~deleted material~~ and inserted material using logical markup. For backwards compatibility better combine this potentially ignored new ~~logical~~ with the old ~~physical~~ markup.

When editing regular Wikipedia articles, just make your changes and do not mark them up in any special way.
When editing your own previous remarks in talk pages, it is sometimes appropriate to mark up deleted or inserted material.

You can <s>strike out deleted material</s>
and <u>underline new material</u>.

You can also mark <del>deleted material</del> and
<ins>inserted material</ins> using logical markup.
For backwards compatibility better combine this
potentially ignored new <del>logical</del> with
the old <s><del>physical</del></s> markup.

Suppressing interpretation of markup:
Link → (''to'') the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]

Used to show literal data that would otherwise have special meaning.
Escape all wiki markup, including that which looks like HTML tags.
Does not escape HTML character references.
To escape HTML character references such as → use &rarr;

<nowiki>Link &rarr; (''to'') 
the [[Wikipedia FAQ]]</nowiki>

Commenting page source:
not shown when viewing page

Used to leave comments in a page for future editors.
Note that most comments should go on the appropriate Talk page.

<!-- comment here -->

Diacritical marks:
À Á Â Ã Ä Å
Æ Ç È É Ê Ë
Ì Í Î Ï Ñ Ò
Ó Ô Õ Ö Ø Ù
Ú Û Ü ß à á
â ã ä å æ ç
è é ê ë ì í
î ï ñ ò ó ô
œ õ ö ø ù ú
û ü ÿ

See special characters.

&Agrave; &Aacute; &Acirc; &Atilde; &Auml; &Aring; 
&AElig; &Ccedil; &Egrave; &Eacute; &Ecirc; &Euml; 
&Igrave; &Iacute; &Icirc; &Iuml; &Ntilde; &Ograve; 
&Oacute; &Ocirc; &Otilde; &Ouml; &Oslash; &Ugrave; 
&Uacute; &Ucirc; &Uuml; &szlig; &agrave; &aacute; 
&acirc; &atilde; &auml; &aring; &aelig; &ccedil; 
&egrave; &eacute; &ecirc; &euml; &igrave; &iacute;
&icirc; &iuml; &ntilde; &ograve; &oacute; &ocirc; 
&oelig; &otilde; &ouml; &oslash; &ugrave; &uacute; 
&ucirc; &uuml; &yuml;

Punctuation:
¿ ¡ § ¶
† ‡ • – —
‹ › « »
‘ ’ “ ”

&iquest; &iexcl; &sect; &para;
&dagger; &Dagger; &bull; &ndash; &mdash;
&lsaquo; &rsaquo; &laquo; &raquo;
&lsquo; &rsquo; &ldquo; &rdquo;

Commercial symbols:
™ © ® ¢ € ¥
£ ¤

&trade; &copy; &reg; &cent; &euro; &yen; 
&pound; &curren;

Subscripts:
x₁ x₂ x₃ or
x₀ x₁ x₂ x₃ x₄
x₅ x₆ x₇ x₈ x₉

Superscripts:
x¹ x² x³ or
x⁰ x¹ x² x³ x⁴
x⁵ x⁶ x⁷ x⁸ x⁹

The latter methods of sub/superscripting cannot be used in the most general context, as they rely on Unicode support which may not be present on all users' machines. For the 1-2-3 superscripts, it is nevertheless preferred when possible (as with units of measurement) because most browsers have an easier time formatting lines with it.

ε₀ = 8.85 × 10⁻¹² C² / J m.

1 hectare = 1 E4 m²

x<sub>1</sub> x<sub>2</sub> x<sub>3</sub> or
<br/>
x&#8320; x&#8321; x&#8322; x&#8323; x&#8324;
<br/>
x&#8325; x&#8326; x&#8327; x&#8328; x&#8329;

x<sup>1</sup> x<sup>2</sup> x<sup>3</sup> or
<br/>
x&#8304; x&sup1; x&sup2; x&sup3; x&#8308;
<br/>
x&#8309; x&#8310; x&#8311; x&#8312; x&#8313;

&epsilon;<sub>0</sub> =
8.85 &times; 10<sup>&minus;12</sup>
C&sup2; / J m.

1 [[hectare]] = [[1 E4 m&sup2;]]

Greek characters:
α β γ δ ε ζ
η θ ι κ λ μ ν
ξ ο π ρ σ ς
τ υ φ χ ψ ω
Γ Δ Θ Λ Ξ Π
Σ Φ Ψ Ω

&alpha; &beta; &gamma; &delta; &epsilon; &zeta; 
&eta; &theta; &iota; &kappa; &lambda; &mu; &nu; 
&xi; &omicron; &pi; &rho; &sigma; &sigmaf;
&tau; &upsilon; &phi; &chi; &psi; &omega;
&Gamma; &Delta; &Theta; &Lambda; &Xi; &Pi; 
&Sigma; &Phi; &Psi; &Omega;

Mathematical characters:
∫ ∑ ∏ √ − ± ∞
≈ ∝ ≡ ≠ ≤ ≥
× · ÷ ∂ ′ ″
∇ ‰ ° ∴ ℵ ø
∈ ∉ ∩ ∪ ⊂ ⊃ ⊆ ⊇
¬ ∧ ∨ ∃ ∀ ⇒ ⇐ ⇓ ⇑ ⇔
→ ↓ ↑ ← ↔

See also WikiProject Mathematics and TeX.

&int; &sum; &prod; &radic; &minus; &plusmn; &infin;
&asymp; &prop; &equiv; &ne; &le; &ge;
&times; &middot; &divide; &part; &prime; &Prime;
&nabla; &permil; &deg; &there4; &alefsym; &oslash;
&isin; &notin; &cap; &cup; &sub; &sup; &sube; &supe;
&not; &and; &or; &exist; &forall; &rArr; &lArr; &dArr; &uArr; &hArr;
&rarr; &darr; &uarr; &larr; &harr;

$\sin x+\ln y$
sinx + lny

$\mathbf {x} =0$
x = 0

Ordinary text should use wiki markup for emphasis, and should not use  or . However, mathematical formulas often use italics, and sometimes use bold, for reasons unrelated to emphasis. Complex formulas should use <math> markup, and simple formulas may use <math>; or  and ; or '' and '''. According to WikiProject Mathematics, wiki markup is preferred over HTML markup like  and .

<math>\sin x + \ln y</math>
sin''x'' + ln''y''

<math>\mathbf{x} = 0</math>
'''x''' = 0

Spacing in simple math formulas:
Obviously, x² ≥ 0 is true when x is a real number.

To space things out without allowing line breaks to interrupt the formula, use non-breaking spaces:  .

Obviously, ''x''&sup2;&nbsp;&ge;&nbsp;0 is true when ''x'' is a real number.

Complicated formulas:

\sum _{n=0}^{\infty }{\frac {x^{n}}{n!}}

See Help:Formula for how to use <math>.
A formula displayed on a line by itself should probably be indented by using the colon (:) character.

: <math>\sum_{n=0}^\infty \frac{x^n}{n!}</math>

(see also: Chess symbols in Unicode)

No or limited formatting - showing exactly what is being typed

A few different kinds of formatting will tell the Wiki to display things as you typed them - what you see, is what you get!

What it looks like

What you type

<nowiki> tags

The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''. It reformats text by removing newlines and multiple spaces. It still interprets special characters: →

<nowiki>
The nowiki tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It reformats text by removing newlines    and multiple spaces.
It still interprets special characters: &rarr;
</nowiki>

<pre> tags

The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It also doesn't     reformat text.
It still interprets special characters: →

<pre>
The pre tag ignores [[Wiki]] ''markup''.
It also doesn't     reformat text.
It still interprets special characters: &rarr;
</pre>

Leading spaces

Leading spaces are another way to preserve formatting.

Putting a space at the beginning of each line
stops the text   from being reformatted. It still
interprets Wiki markup and special
characters: →

Leading spaces are another way to preserve formatting.

 Putting a space at the beginning of each line
 stops the text   from being reformatted. It still
 interprets [[Wiki]] ''markup'' and special
 characters: &rarr;

At the current status of the wiki markup language, having at least four headers on a page triggers the TOC to appear in front of the first header (or after introductory sections). Putting __TOC__ anywhere forces the TOC to appear at that point (instead of just before the first header). Putting __NOTOC__ anywhere forces the TOC to disappear. See also compact TOC for alphabet and year headings.

Tables

There are two ways to build tables:

in special Wiki-markup (see Help:Table)
with the usual HTML elements: <table>, <tr>, <td> or <th>.

For the latter, and a discussion on when tables are appropriate, see Wikipedia:How to use tables.

Variables

(See also Help:Variable)

Code	Effect
{{CURRENTWEEK}}	45
{{CURRENTDOW}}	2
{{CURRENTMONTH}}	11
{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}	November
{{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}	November
{{CURRENTDAY}}	5
{{CURRENTDAYNAME}}	Tuesday
{{CURRENTYEAR}}	2024
{{CURRENTTIME}}	08:39
{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}	6,906,455
{{NUMBEROFUSERS}}	48,216,745
{{PAGENAME}}	Editing
{{NAMESPACE}}	Help
{{REVISIONID}}	-
{{localurl:pagename}}	/wiki/Pagename
{{localurl:Wikipedia:Sandbox\|action=edit}}	/w/index.php?title=Wikipedia:Sandbox&action=edit
{{fullurl:pagename}}	//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagename
{{fullurl:pagename\|query_string}}	//en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pagename&query_string
{{SERVER}}	//en.wikipedia.org
{{ns:1}}	Talk
{{ns:2}}	User
{{ns:3}}	User talk
{{ns:4}}	Wikipedia
{{ns:5}}	Wikipedia talk
{{ns:6}}	File
{{ns:7}}	File talk
{{ns:8}}	MediaWiki
{{ns:9}}	MediaWiki talk
{{ns:10}}	Template
{{ns:11}}	Template talk
{{ns:12}}	Help
{{ns:13}}	Help talk
{{ns:14}}	Category
{{ns:15}}	Category talk
{{SITENAME}}	Wikipedia

NUMBEROFARTICLES is the number of pages in the main namespace which contain a link and are not a redirect, in other words number of articles, stubs containing a link, and disambiguation pages.

CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN is the genitive (possessive) grammatical form of the month name, as used in some languages; CURRENTMONTHNAME is the nominative (subject) form, as usually seen in English.

In languages where it makes a difference, you can use constructs like {{grammar:case|word}} to convert a word from the nominative case to some other case. For example, {{grammar:genitive|{{CURRENTMONTHNAME}}}} means the same as {{CURRENTMONTHNAMEGEN}}.

Templates

The MediaWiki software used by Wikipedia has support for templates. This means standardized text chunks (such as boilerplate text) can be inserted into articles. For example, typing {{stub}} will appear as "This article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it." when the page is saved. See Wikipedia:Template messages for the complete list. Other commonly used templates are: {{disambig}} for disambiguation pages, {{spoiler}} for spoiler warnings and {{sectstub}} like an article stub but for a section. There are many subject-specific stubs for example: {{Geo-stub}}, {{Hist-stub}}, and {{Linux-stub}}. For a complete list of stubs see WP:WSS/ST.

Hiding the edit links

Insert __NOEDITSECTION__ into the document to suppress the edit links that appear next to every section header.

More information on editing wiki pages

You may also want to learn about:

How to start a page
Informal tips on contributing to Wikipedia
Editing tasks in general at the Wikipedia:Editing FAQ
Rename pages boldly, at Wikipedia:How to rename (move) a page
Preferred layout of your article, at Guide to layout (see also Wikipedia:Boilerplate text)
Style conventions in the Wikipedia:Manual of Style
An article with annotations pointing out common Wikipedia style and layout issues, at Wikipedia:Annotated article
General policies in Wikipedia:Policies and guidelines
Wikipedia:Naming conventions for how to name articles themselves
Help on editing very large articles
If you are making an article about something that belongs to a group of objects (a city, an astronomical object, a Chinese character...) check if there is a WikiProject on the group and try to follow its directions explicitly.
Help:Formula
User's guide to editing
Wikipedia:MediaWiki
Finally, for a list of articles about editing Wikipedia consult Wikipedia:Style and How-to Directory.