155th Guards Naval Infantry Brigade: Difference between revisions

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=== War in Chechnya ===
=== War in Chechnya ===
The 155th Separate Marine Brigade performed combat missions in [[Chechnya]] during the [[First Chechen War|First Russian-Chechen War]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-07 |title=Минобороны опровергло заявления о высоких потерях 155-й бригады ТОФ |trans-title=The Ministry of Defense denied statements about the high losses of the 155th brigade of the Pacific Fleet |url=https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/news/2022/11/07/949134-minoboroni-oproverglo-zayavleniya |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Vedomosti]] |language=ru}}</ref> First, the 165th Marine Regiment was sent, followed by the consolidated 106th Marine Regiment, which operated in the foothills and mountainous regions of Chechnya. More than 2,400 servicemen were awarded orders and medals, 63 infantrymen died in battle, and five of them became a [[Hero of the Russian Federation]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-30 |title=Гвардия с Тихого океана |trans-title=Guard from the Pacific |url=https://vladnews.ru/ev/vl/4895/131063/gvardiya_tihogo |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=vladnews.ru |language=ru}}</ref>
The 155th Separate Marine Brigade performed combat missions in [[Chechnya]] during the [[First Chechen War|First Russian-Chechen War]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-11-07 |title=Минобороны опровергло заявления о высоких потерях 155-й бригады ТОФ |trans-title=The Ministry of Defense denied statements about the high losses of the 155th brigade of the Pacific Fleet |url=https://www.vedomosti.ru/politics/news/2022/11/07/949134-minoboroni-oproverglo-zayavleniya |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Vedomosti]] |language=ru}}</ref> First, the 165th Marine Regiment was sent, followed by the consolidated 106th Marine Regiment, which operated in the foothills and mountainous regions of Chechnya. More than 2,400 servicemen were awarded orders and medals, 63 infantrymen died in battle, and five of them became a [[Hero of the Russian Federation]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-30 |title=Гвардия с Тихого океана |trans-title=Guard from the Pacific |url=https://vladnews.ru/ev/vl/4895/131063/gvardiya_tihogo |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=vladnews.ru |language=ru}}</ref>


=== Involvement in Syria ===
=== Involvement in Syria ===
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Starting in 2022, the brigade took part in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Axe |first=David |date=2022-11-07 |title=Russian Marines Are Getting Killed And Wounded By The Hundreds In Ukraine |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2022/11/07/russian-marines-are-getting-killed-and-wounded-by-the-hundreds-in-ukraine/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref>
Starting in 2022, the brigade took part in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Axe |first=David |date=2022-11-07 |title=Russian Marines Are Getting Killed And Wounded By The Hundreds In Ukraine |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2022/11/07/russian-marines-are-getting-killed-and-wounded-by-the-hundreds-in-ukraine/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref>


On March 13, journalist Roman Tsimbalyuk reported on the brigade's some losses in the battles: "about 600 servicemen killed and the same number wounded" But not confirmed.<ref>{{Cite web |last=Korogodskyi |first=Yuriy |date=2022-03-13 |title=ЗСУ майже повністю знищили бригаду морської піхоти росіян, |trans-title=The Armed Forces almost completely destroyed the Russian marine brigade, |url=https://lb.ua/society/2022/03/13/509335_zsu_mayzhe_povnistyu_znishchili_brigadu.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220313162938/https://lb.ua/society/2022/03/13/509335_zsu_mayzhe_povnistyu_znishchili_brigadu.html |archive-date=2022-03-13 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=LB.ua}}</ref>
On March 13, in a written post on [[Facebook]], Ukrainian journalist Roman Tsymbalyuk reported that units of the 155th Separate Marine Brigade had suffered losses consisting of "about 600 servicemen killed and as many wounded" in the [[Chernihiv|Chernihiv region]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Korogodskyi |first=Yuriy |date=2022-03-13 |title=ЗСУ майже повністю знищили бригаду морської піхоти росіян, |trans-title=The Armed Forces almost completely destroyed the Russian marine brigade, |url=https://lb.ua/society/2022/03/13/509335_zsu_mayzhe_povnistyu_znishchili_brigadu.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220313162938/https://lb.ua/society/2022/03/13/509335_zsu_mayzhe_povnistyu_znishchili_brigadu.html |archive-date=2022-03-13 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=LB.ua}}</ref>


On March 19, the [[General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces|General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine]] reported that separate units of the 155th Separate Naval Infantry Brigade and the [[40th Naval Infantry Brigade]] ([[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky]]) were transferred to the territory of [[Belarus]] to replace the losses of the [[Eastern Military District]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-19 |title=У білорусь перекинули війська з іншого кінця росії, аби поповнити втрати |trans-title=Troops from the other side of Russia were transferred to Belarus to replenish losses |url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-ato/3434206-u-bilorus-perekinuli-vijska-z-insogo-kinca-rosii-abi-popovniti-vtrati.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Ukrinform]] |language=uk}}</ref>
On March 19, the [[General Staff of the Ukrainian Armed Forces|General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine]] reported that separate units of the 155th Separate Naval Infantry Brigade and the [[40th Naval Infantry Brigade]] ([[Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky]]) were transferred to the territory of [[Belarus]] to replace the losses of the [[Eastern Military District]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-03-19 |title=У білорусь перекинули війська з іншого кінця росії, аби поповнити втрати |trans-title=Troops from the other side of Russia were transferred to Belarus to replenish losses |url=https://www.ukrinform.ua/rubric-ato/3434206-u-bilorus-perekinuli-vijska-z-insogo-kinca-rosii-abi-popovniti-vtrati.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Ukrinform]] |language=uk}}</ref>
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On April 3–4, 2022, units of the [[Russian Armed Forces]] were reported to have committed [[War crimes in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|war crimes]] during the occupation of settlements near Kyiv. The 155th brigade occupied the area of the town of [[Ivankiv]] — the village of Rozvazhiv in the Vyshgorod district of the [[Kyiv Oblast|Kyiv region]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-03 |title=Українські спецслужби назвали відповідальних за воєнні злочини на Чернігівщині та Київщині |trans-title=Ukrainian special services named those responsible for war crimes in Chernihiv region and Kyiv region |url=https://24tv.ua/ukrayinski-spetssluzhbi-nazvali-vidpovidalnih-za-voyenni-zlochini_n1935807 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[24 Kanal]] |language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-03 |title=Хто розстрілював мирних людей на Київщині та Чернігівщині: перелік підрозділів військ РФ |trans-title=Who shot civilians in Kyiv region and Chernihiv region: a list of Russian military units |url=https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/society/2022-04-03/kto-rasstrelival-mirnyh-lyudej-na-kievschine-i-chernigovschine-spisok-podrazdelenij-vojsk-rf/264829 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=apostrophe.ua |language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-03 |title=Стали відомі підрозділи ЗС Росії, які чинили злочини в Бучі |trans-title=Units of the Russian Armed Forces, which committed crimes in Buch, became known |url=https://novynarnia.com/2022/04/03/staly-vidomi-pidrozdily-zs-rosiyi-yaki-chynyly-zlochyny-v-buchi/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=novynarnia.com |language=uk}}</ref>
On April 3–4, 2022, units of the [[Russian Armed Forces]] were reported to have committed [[War crimes in the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine|war crimes]] during the occupation of settlements near Kyiv. The 155th brigade occupied the area of the town of [[Ivankiv]] — the village of Rozvazhiv in the Vyshgorod district of the [[Kyiv Oblast|Kyiv region]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-03 |title=Українські спецслужби назвали відповідальних за воєнні злочини на Чернігівщині та Київщині |trans-title=Ukrainian special services named those responsible for war crimes in Chernihiv region and Kyiv region |url=https://24tv.ua/ukrayinski-spetssluzhbi-nazvali-vidpovidalnih-za-voyenni-zlochini_n1935807 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[24 Kanal]] |language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-03 |title=Хто розстрілював мирних людей на Київщині та Чернігівщині: перелік підрозділів військ РФ |trans-title=Who shot civilians in Kyiv region and Chernihiv region: a list of Russian military units |url=https://apostrophe.ua/ua/news/society/2022-04-03/kto-rasstrelival-mirnyh-lyudej-na-kievschine-i-chernigovschine-spisok-podrazdelenij-vojsk-rf/264829 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=apostrophe.ua |language=uk}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-04-03 |title=Стали відомі підрозділи ЗС Росії, які чинили злочини в Бучі |trans-title=Units of the Russian Armed Forces, which committed crimes in Buch, became known |url=https://novynarnia.com/2022/04/03/staly-vidomi-pidrozdily-zs-rosiyi-yaki-chynyly-zlochyny-v-buchi/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=novynarnia.com |language=uk}}</ref>


In early November 2022, there were reports of heavy losses in the brigade in battles in the Pavlivka area near [[Vuhledar]] in the [[Donetsk Oblast|Donetsk region]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-26 |title="Нам уже ніколи не буде соромно". Десять знакових перемог України за рік великої війни з РФ |trans-title="We will never be ashamed." Ten significant victories of Ukraine during the year of the great war with the Russian Federation |url=https://nv.ua/ukr/ukraine/events/viyna-v-ukrajini-10-naybilshih-peremog-ukrajini-za-rik-shcho-minuv-z-24-lyutogo-2022-50306472.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=nv.ua}}</ref> The servicemen of the brigade and Russian propagandists wrote an open letter, addressing Putin, in which they claimed that in four days they had lost "about 300 people killed, wounded and missing" due to the fault of the command - generals [[Rustam Muradov|Muradov]] and Akhmedov - and asked to send an independent commission, not associated with the [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Gičko |first=Marta |date=2022-07-11 |title="Людей називають м'ясом": російські морпіхи за 4 дні втратили 300 осіб під Вугледаром |trans-title="People are called meat": Russian marines lost 300 people in 4 days near Vugledar |url=https://www.unian.ua/war/lyudey-nazivayut-m-yasom-rosiyski-morpihi-za-4-dni-vtratili-300-lyudey-pid-vugledarom-12037239.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Ukrainian Independent Information Agency]] |language=uk}}</ref>
In early November 2022, there were reports of heavy losses in the brigade in battles in the Pavlivka area near [[Vuhledar]] in the [[Donetsk Oblast|Donetsk region]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2022-12-26 |title="Нам уже ніколи не буде соромно". Десять знакових перемог України за рік великої війни з РФ |trans-title="We will never be ashamed." Ten significant victories of Ukraine during the year of the great war with the Russian Federation |url=https://nv.ua/ukr/ukraine/events/viyna-v-ukrajini-10-naybilshih-peremog-ukrajini-za-rik-shcho-minuv-z-24-lyutogo-2022-50306472.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=nv.ua}}</ref> On November 3, marines of the 155th brigade posted a letter to the [[Telegram (software)|Telegram]] channel of Russian governor [[Oleg Kozhemyako]], describing how they were "thrown into an incomprehensible offensive by [[Rustam Muradov|General Muradov]]" and disclose that "about 300 people were killed, wounded, or went missing in 4 days" as a result of the offensive.<ref name=":0">{{Cite web |title=“They Call Us Meat”: BBC Eye investigation shows how glaring tactical mistakes cost elite Russian marines their lives in Ukraine despite repeated warnings |url=https://www.bbc.co.uk/mediacentre/2023/bbc-eye-russian-marines-ukraine/ |access-date=2024-01-02 |website=www.bbc.co.uk |language=en}}</ref> Additionally, the marines asked for an independent investigation into the matter, not associated with the [[Ministry of Defence (Russia)|Ministry of Defense]].<ref name=":0" /><ref>{{Cite web |last=Gičko |first=Marta |date=2022-07-11 |title="Людей називають м'ясом": російські морпіхи за 4 дні втратили 300 осіб під Вугледаром |trans-title="People are called meat": Russian marines lost 300 people in 4 days near Vugledar |url=https://www.unian.ua/war/lyudey-nazivayut-m-yasom-rosiyski-morpihi-za-4-dni-vtratili-300-lyudey-pid-vugledarom-12037239.html |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Ukrainian Independent Information Agency]] |language=uk}}</ref>

⚫
In early February 2023, the 155th brigade again suffered heavy losses during the [[Battle of Vuhledar|offensive on Vuhledar]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Axe |first=David |date=2023-02-08 |title=Smashed By Ukrainian Mines And Artillery, Russia’s Winter Offensive Just Ground To A Halt Outside Vuhledar |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2023/02/08/smashed-by-ukrainian-mines-and-artillery-russias-winter-offensive-just-ground-to-a-halt-outside-vuhledar/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref> Video recordings of one combat encounter show about 30 destroyed Russian combat vehicles:<ref>{{Cite news |last=Aksenov |first=Pavel |date=2023-02-11 |title=Началось ли большое российское наступление в Украине? |language=ru |trans-title=Has a major Russian offensive begun in Ukraine? |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/features-64603183 |access-date=2023-02-28}}</ref> 13 destroyed tanks and 12 [[BMP development|BMPs]] are about half of the Russian tank battalion.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-09 |title=RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE CAMPAIGN ASSESSMENT, FEBRUARY 9, 2023 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-9-2023 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |language=en}}</ref> Ossetian military correspondents tried to place the blame for tactical failures on the higher command, in particular again on General Muradov. However, the footage shows Russian forces engaged in ineffective operations, showing that the 155th Brigade appears to be made up of [[2022 Russian mobilization|freshly mobilized soldiers]] who are poorly trained.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-10 |title=RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE CAMPAIGN ASSESSMENT, FEBRUARY 10, 2023 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-10-2023|access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |language=en}}</ref>

In December 2023, the BBC released a [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RO%20dPIYzbkE short video] on YouTube entitled "Russia’s elite marines sent into death trap in Ukraine | BBC News" documenting the poor training and very high losses of the 155th Guards Naval Infantry Brigade in Ukraine.



⚫
In early February 2023, the 155th brigade again suffered heavy losses during the [[Battle of Vuhledar|offensive on Vuhledar]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Axe |first=David |date=2023-02-08 |title=Smashed By Ukrainian Mines And Artillery, Russia’s Winter Offensive Just Ground To A Halt Outside Vuhledar |url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidaxe/2023/02/08/smashed-by-ukrainian-mines-and-artillery-russias-winter-offensive-just-ground-to-a-halt-outside-vuhledar/ |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Forbes]] |language=en}}</ref> Video recordings of one combat encounter show nearly 30 Russian combat vehicles being destroyed, including 13 tanks and 12 [[BMP development|BMPs]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-09 |title=RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE CAMPAIGN ASSESSMENT, FEBRUARY 9, 2023 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-9-2023 |access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news |last=Aksenov |first=Pavel |date=2023-02-11 |title=Началось ли большое российское наступление в Украине? |language=ru |trans-title=Has a major Russian offensive begun in Ukraine? |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/russian/features-64603183 |access-date=2023-02-28}}</ref> According to the [[Institute for the Study of War]], the footage shows Russian forces engaging in "highly dysfunctional" [[Military tactics|combat tactics]], which is likely an indication that the 155th brigade is made up of poorly trained, [[2022 Russian mobilization|freshly mobilized soldiers]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2023-02-10 |title=RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE CAMPAIGN ASSESSMENT, FEBRUARY 10, 2023 |url=https://www.understandingwar.org/backgrounder/russian-offensive-campaign-assessment-february-10-2023|access-date=2023-02-28 |website=[[Institute for the Study of War]] |language=en}}</ref>


== Composition ==
== Composition ==
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=== 2019 ===
=== 2019 ===


* 59th Naval Infantry Battalion (Slovyanka village);
* 59th Naval Infantry Battalion (Slovyanka village)
* 47th Assault Battalion;
* 47th Assault Battalion
* 287th Self-propelled artillery division (Slovyanka village);
* 287th Self-propelled artillery division (Slovyanka village)
* 288th Anti-Aircraft Missile Artillery Division;
* 288th Anti-Aircraft Missile Artillery Division

== Losses ==
It is known about the loss of 74 people in the 155th Separate Marine Brigade who were killed during the invasion of Ukraine as of September 2022.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Ivshina |first=Olga |date=2022-09-01 |title=Елітні бійці Путіна. Кого саме втратила російська армія в Україні |language=uk |trans-title=Putin's elite fighters. Who exactly did the Russian army lose in Ukraine? |work=[[BBC News]] |url=https://www.bbc.com/ukrainian/features-62749802 |access-date=2023-02-28}}</ref>


== References ==
== References ==

Revision as of 11:29, 2 January 2024

155th Separate Guards Naval Infantry Brigade
155-я отдельная гвардейская бригада морской пехоты
ActiveDecember 1, 2009 – present
Country Russian Navy
Pacific Fleet
TypeMarines
Garrison/HQVladivostok, Slavyanka (Primorsky Territory)

The 155th Separate Guards Brigade of Naval Infantry (Russian: 155-я отдельная гвардейская бригада морской пехоты) is a brigade-sized formation of the Russian Naval Infantry. It is located in the city of Vladivostok and the village of Slovianka, Primorsky Krai.[1] It is part of the Pacific Fleet. In Western sources the title is sometimes translated as "Marines."

In 2022 and 2023, the brigade took part in a full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine, where it fought near Kyiv,[2] Pavlivka, and Vuhledar, where they took massive losses.

History

The 155th Separate Naval Infantry Brigade was created on December 1, 2009, by reorganizing the 55th Naval Infantry Division, which was created in 1968.[3]

War in Chechnya

The 155th Separate Marine Brigade performed combat missions in Chechnya during the First Russian-Chechen War.[4] First, the 165th Marine Regiment was sent, followed by the consolidated 106th Marine Regiment, which operated in the foothills and mountainous regions of Chechnya. More than 2,400 servicemen were awarded orders and medals, 63 infantrymen died in battle, and five of them became a Hero of the Russian Federation.[5]

Involvement in Syria

During the Russian intervention in Syria, the 155th brigade provided support and cover to the PKS aviation group as part of the Permanent Operational Unit of the Russian Navy.[6]

2022 Russian Invasion of Ukraine

Starting in 2022, the brigade took part in the Russian invasion of Ukraine.[7]

On March 13, in a written post on Facebook, Ukrainian journalist Roman Tsymbalyuk reported that units of the 155th Separate Marine Brigade had suffered losses consisting of "about 600 servicemen killed and as many wounded" in the Chernihiv region.[8]

On March 19, the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine reported that separate units of the 155th Separate Naval Infantry Brigade and the 40th Naval Infantry Brigade (Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky) were transferred to the territory of Belarus to replace the losses of the Eastern Military District.[9]

On March 28, President Putin assigned the brigade the rank of guards, at the same time as the 126th Coastal Defense Brigade.[10]

On April 3–4, 2022, units of the Russian Armed Forces were reported to have committed war crimes during the occupation of settlements near Kyiv. The 155th brigade occupied the area of the town of Ivankiv — the village of Rozvazhiv in the Vyshgorod district of the Kyiv region.[11][12][13]

In early November 2022, there were reports of heavy losses in the brigade in battles in the Pavlivka area near Vuhledar in the Donetsk region.[14] On November 3, marines of the 155th brigade posted a letter to the Telegram channel of Russian governor Oleg Kozhemyako, describing how they were "thrown into an incomprehensible offensive by General Muradov" and disclose that "about 300 people were killed, wounded, or went missing in 4 days" as a result of the offensive.[15] Additionally, the marines asked for an independent investigation into the matter, not associated with the Ministry of Defense.[15][16]

In early February 2023, the 155th brigade again suffered heavy losses during the offensive on Vuhledar.[17] Video recordings of one combat encounter show nearly 30 Russian combat vehicles being destroyed, including 13 tanks and 12 BMPs.[18][19] According to the Institute for the Study of War, the footage shows Russian forces engaging in "highly dysfunctional" combat tactics, which is likely an indication that the 155th brigade is made up of poorly trained, freshly mobilized soldiers.[20]

Composition

2019

  • 59th Naval Infantry Battalion (Slovyanka village)
  • 47th Assault Battalion
  • 287th Self-propelled artillery division (Slovyanka village)
  • 288th Anti-Aircraft Missile Artillery Division

References

  1. ^ Tsurkan, Rostislav (2023-02-13). "Під Вугледаром ЗСУ знищили 155-ту бригаду морської піхоти з Владивостока" [The Armed Forces of Ukraine destroyed the 155th brigade of marines from Vladivostok near Vuhledar]. Podrobytsi. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  2. ^ Rudomskyi, Ruslan (2022-05-24). "90% від складу полку: окупанти з елітної Таманської дивізії масово пишуть рапорти на звільнення – розвідка" ["90% of the regiment's composition": occupiers from the elite Taman division en masse write reports for dismissal - intelligence]. Obozrevatel (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  3. ^ Nandy, Sumana (2022-03-28). "'Guards' title for Russia's two naval brigades for protecting Fatherland". India Today. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  4. ^ "Минобороны опровергло заявления о высоких потерях 155-й бригады ТОФ" [The Ministry of Defense denied statements about the high losses of the 155th brigade of the Pacific Fleet]. Vedomosti (in Russian). 2022-11-07. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  5. ^ "Гвардия с Тихого океана" [Guard from the Pacific]. vladnews.ru (in Russian). 2022-03-30. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  6. ^ "Фонд "ОФИЦЕРСКОЕ БРАТСТВО" поздравил личный состав и ветеранов 55-й дивизии — ныне 155-й отдельной бригады морской пехоты Тихоокеанского флота с 50-летием со Дня образования" [The Officer Brotherhood Foundation congratulated the personnel and veterans of the 55th Division - now the 155th Separate Marine Brigade of the Pacific Fleet on the 50th anniversary of its formation]. fondob.ru. 2018-11-30. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  7. ^ Axe, David (2022-11-07). "Russian Marines Are Getting Killed And Wounded By The Hundreds In Ukraine". Forbes. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  8. ^ Korogodskyi, Yuriy (2022-03-13). "ЗСУ майже повністю знищили бригаду морської піхоти росіян," [The Armed Forces almost completely destroyed the Russian marine brigade,]. LB.ua. Archived from the original on 2022-03-13. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  9. ^ "У білорусь перекинули війська з іншого кінця росії, аби поповнити втрати" [Troops from the other side of Russia were transferred to Belarus to replenish losses]. Ukrinform (in Ukrainian). 2022-03-19. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  10. ^ Sokirko, Viktor (2022-03-28). "Спецоперация на Украине рождает новую российскую гвардию" [Special operation in Ukraine gives rise to a new Russian guard]. Vzglyad (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  11. ^ "Українські спецслужби назвали відповідальних за воєнні злочини на Чернігівщині та Київщині" [Ukrainian special services named those responsible for war crimes in Chernihiv region and Kyiv region]. 24 Kanal (in Ukrainian). 2022-04-03. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  12. ^ "Хто розстрілював мирних людей на Київщині та Чернігівщині: перелік підрозділів військ РФ" [Who shot civilians in Kyiv region and Chernihiv region: a list of Russian military units]. apostrophe.ua (in Ukrainian). 2022-04-03. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  13. ^ "Стали відомі підрозділи ЗС Росії, які чинили злочини в Бучі" [Units of the Russian Armed Forces, which committed crimes in Buch, became known]. novynarnia.com (in Ukrainian). 2022-04-03. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  14. ^ ""Нам уже ніколи не буде соромно". Десять знакових перемог України за рік великої війни з РФ" ["We will never be ashamed." Ten significant victories of Ukraine during the year of the great war with the Russian Federation]. nv.ua. 2022-12-26. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  15. ^ a b ""They Call Us Meat": BBC Eye investigation shows how glaring tactical mistakes cost elite Russian marines their lives in Ukraine despite repeated warnings". www.bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 2024-01-02.
  16. ^ Gičko, Marta (2022-07-11). ""Людей називають м'ясом": російські морпіхи за 4 дні втратили 300 осіб під Вугледаром" ["People are called meat": Russian marines lost 300 people in 4 days near Vugledar]. Ukrainian Independent Information Agency (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  17. ^ Axe, David (2023-02-08). "Smashed By Ukrainian Mines And Artillery, Russia's Winter Offensive Just Ground To A Halt Outside Vuhledar". Forbes. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  18. ^ "RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE CAMPAIGN ASSESSMENT, FEBRUARY 9, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. 2023-02-09. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  19. ^ Aksenov, Pavel (2023-02-11). "Началось ли большое российское наступление в Украине?" [Has a major Russian offensive begun in Ukraine?]. BBC News (in Russian). Retrieved 2023-02-28.
  20. ^ "RUSSIAN OFFENSIVE CAMPAIGN ASSESSMENT, FEBRUARY 10, 2023". Institute for the Study of War. 2023-02-10. Retrieved 2023-02-28.
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